构建平衡的国家治理观:破解国家治理的单一理论神话
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摘要
国家治理是人类有史以来最复杂的社会活动。国家治理包括政治、经济、社会、文化、法律等各个方面。近代以来,随着工业革命的兴起和少数国家的实践,加之社会学科的分化,国家治理领域中形成了很多单一的学科理论神话乃至迷信。这些神话,都将自身视角下的某种国家治理制度视为国家有效治理最关键的手段,甚至认为只要实现了某些制度,就能够实现国家的繁荣发展和秩序。然而,无论是实践发展,还是理论自身的深入,都证明了单一理论神话在国家治理中的破灭。破解的思路,是要构建一种全域视角下的平衡国家治理观。这种国家治理观认为社会秩序的和谐有效根本上来自不同群体和制度之间的平衡,从而形成相互制约、相互补充的稳定的社会状态。
National governance is the most complicated social activity ever.National governance includes political,economic,social,cultural,legal and other aspects.Since modern times,with the rise of the industrial revolution and the practice of a few countries,coupled with the division of social disciplines,a lot of single discipline theoretical myths and superstitions have been formed in the field of national governance. These myths regard a certain system of national governance from their own perspective as the most critical means of effective governance of the country,and even think that as long as some institutions are realized,the prosperity and order of the country can be realized.However,whether the development of practice or the deeper researches of the theories,all proved the collapse of the single theoretical myth in the governance of the country.The idea of cracking is to construct a balance view of governance from an all-over perspective.This view of governance holds that the effective harmony of social order comes fundamentally from the balance between different groups and institutions,thus forming a stable social state of mutual restrictions and complementarities.
National governance is the most complicated social activity ever.National governance includes political,economic,social,cultural,legal and other aspects.Since modern times,with the rise of the industrial revolution and the practice of a few countries,coupled with the division of social disciplines,a lot of single discipline theoretical myths and superstitions have been formed in the field of national governance. These myths regard a certain system of national governance from their own perspective as the most critical means of effective governance of the country,and even think that as long as some institutions are realized,the prosperity and order of the country can be realized.However,whether the development of practice or the deeper researches of the theories,all proved the collapse of the single theoretical myth in the governance of the country.The idea of cracking is to construct a balance view of governance from an all-over perspective.This view of governance holds that the effective harmony of social order comes fundamentally from the balance between different groups and institutions,thus forming a stable social state of mutual restrictions and complementarities.
引文
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[3]NORTH D,WALLIS J,WEINGAST B.Violence and social orders:a conceptual framework for interpreting recorded human history[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2009.
[4]BATOR F.The anatomy of market failure[J].The quarterly journal of economics,1958(3):351-379.
[5]宋显忠.程序正义及其局限性[J].法制与社会发展,2004(3):123-133.
[6]FUKUYAMA F.Social capital,civil society and development[J].Third world quarterly,2001(1):7-20.
[7]卡尔·波普尔.科学发现的逻辑[M].查汝强,邱仁宗,译.杭州:中国美术学院出版社,2008.
[8]PIMM S.The balance of nature?:ecological issues in the conservation of species and communities[M].University of Chicago Press,1991.
[9]熊惠民.哥德尔不完备性定理的科学哲学透视[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008(3):376-379.