电动-微生物修复胶质污染土壤微生物活性分析
|
摘要
胶质在自然环境中难以降解,长期累积,是石油污染土壤修复中急需解决的难点。胶质结构中含有大量芳香环、杂环和羧基等难降解的官能团,其降解率并不足以说明对污染土壤的修复效果。土壤微生物群落是土壤中重要的活体成分,通过MicroRespTM方法可测定其活性,并作为评价污染修复效果的重要指标。本文从辽河油田原油中提取胶质配制污染土,并加入构建的混合菌群,设计微生物修复(Bio)、电动-微生物修复(EK+Bio1)、电动-微生物补充营养修复(EK+Bio2)以及间断电动-微生物修复(EK+Bio3)共4种处理。修复后,胶质平均降解率EK+Bio2>EK+Bio3>EK+Bio1>Bio,降解率最高为9.82%,为Bio处理的3.06倍(3.21%)。修复后土壤微生物数量增加,其趋势与胶质降解率保持一致。MicroRespTM法实验结果表明,修复后土壤中微生物代谢能力增强、活性提高。不同处理下微生物对碳源有不同的选择性,修复后微生物对糖类的代谢能力得到较大提升。电动-微生物联合修复可提高胶质降解率,并使土壤中微生物数量增加,代谢能力提升,活性增强。
Resin,due to its extreme difficulty to be degraded in nature,plays an essential role during the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil. Resin has high environmental risks since it could accumulate long time in the environment. Functional groups in resin structure such as aromatic nucleus and carboxyl groups are hard to be degraded. Consequently,degradation rate is not enough to indicate the effect of remediation. MicroRespTMmethod can be used to assess soil community level physiological profiles,which is an important index reflecting the effect of remediation. In this study,resin obtained from Liaohe oilfield and superior mixed bacteria were prepared for the remediation. There were four treatments,including bioremediation( Bio),electrokineticbioremediation( EK+Bio1),electrokinetic-bioremediation with nutrient matters( EK+Bio2) and discontinuous electrokinetic-bioremediation( EK+Bio3). The results showed that the average degradation rate varied among different treatments,with an order of EK+Bio2>EK+Bio3>EK+Bio1>Bio. The highest degradation rate was 9.82%( for EK+Bio2),which was 3.06 times of that Bio( 3.21%). The abundance of microorganisms increased after remediation,the trend of which was similar to the degradation rate of resin. The results of MicroRespTManalysis showed that the microbial metabolism and microbial activity were promoted. Microorganisms had selectivity of carbon sources under different remediation approaches. The ability of microorganisms to metabolize saccharides substantially increased. In conclusion,electrokinetic-bioremediation could promote the degradation of resin as well as enhance the physiological profiles of soil community.
Resin,due to its extreme difficulty to be degraded in nature,plays an essential role during the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil. Resin has high environmental risks since it could accumulate long time in the environment. Functional groups in resin structure such as aromatic nucleus and carboxyl groups are hard to be degraded. Consequently,degradation rate is not enough to indicate the effect of remediation. MicroRespTMmethod can be used to assess soil community level physiological profiles,which is an important index reflecting the effect of remediation. In this study,resin obtained from Liaohe oilfield and superior mixed bacteria were prepared for the remediation. There were four treatments,including bioremediation( Bio),electrokineticbioremediation( EK+Bio1),electrokinetic-bioremediation with nutrient matters( EK+Bio2) and discontinuous electrokinetic-bioremediation( EK+Bio3). The results showed that the average degradation rate varied among different treatments,with an order of EK+Bio2>EK+Bio3>EK+Bio1>Bio. The highest degradation rate was 9.82%( for EK+Bio2),which was 3.06 times of that Bio( 3.21%). The abundance of microorganisms increased after remediation,the trend of which was similar to the degradation rate of resin. The results of MicroRespTManalysis showed that the microbial metabolism and microbial activity were promoted. Microorganisms had selectivity of carbon sources under different remediation approaches. The ability of microorganisms to metabolize saccharides substantially increased. In conclusion,electrokinetic-bioremediation could promote the degradation of resin as well as enhance the physiological profiles of soil community.
引文
安玉姿.2017.土壤石油污染的危害与修复.中国资源综合利用,35(5):72-73.
边岩庆,陶文.2010.石油的微生物降解过程中胶质沥青质的分子结构变化.长江大学学报:自然科学版,7(1):177-179.
陈晓娟,吴小红,刘守龙,等.2013.不同耕地利用方式下土壤微生物活性及群落结构特性分析:基于PLFA和MicroRespTM方法.环境科学,34(6):2375-2382.
丁福臣,王宇航,靳广洲,等.2001.石油沥青质胶态粒子宏观结构尺寸的研究.石油化工高等学校学报,14(2):31-34.
范瑞娟,郭书海,李凤梅,等.2017.有机污染土壤电动-微生物修复过程中的影响因素及优化措施.生态环境学报,26(3):522-530.
付玉豪,李凤梅,郭书海,等.2017.沈阳张士灌区彰驿站镇土壤与水稻植株镉污染分析.生态学杂志,36(7):1965-1972.
胡景芳.2013.石油胶质沥青质类似高分子的特性.能源与节能,97(7):15-17.
嵇婷婷,郭书海,李凤梅,等.2017.电动-微生物修复过程中石油胶质结构和毒性变化.环境工程学报,11(6):3846-3852.
李佳,曹兴涛,隋红,等.2017.石油污染土壤修复技术研究现状与展望.石油学报:石油加工,33(5):811-833.
李凤梅,郭书海,牛之欣,等.2006.稠油降解菌的筛选及其对胶质和沥青质生物降解.土壤通报,37(4):764-767.
李婷婷,郭书海,王加宁,等.2016.周期切换电极极性对电动-微生物修复石油污染土壤的影响.环境工程,34(1):159-163.
刘凤,滕洪辉,任百祥,等.2014.土壤污染的生态毒理诊断研究进展.应用生态学报,25(9):2733-2744.
刘五星,骆永明,滕应,等.2008.石油污染土壤的生态风险评价和生物修复.Ⅲ.石油污染土壤的植物-微生物联合修复.土壤学报,45(5):994-999.
鲁顺保,郭晓敏,芮亦超,等.2012.澳大利亚亚热带不同森林土壤微生物群落对碳源的利用.生态学报,32(9):2819-2826.
罗明,陈新红,李兢,等.2000.种保素对几种作物根际微生物效应的影响.生态学杂志,19(3):69-72.
马志强.2017.三种咪唑硝酸盐类离子液体对土壤理化性质及微生物量的影响(硕士学位论文).泰安:山东农业大学.
潘银华,廖玉宏,彭先芝.2015.辽河原油好氧生物降解模拟过程中化学组成及其碳同位素值的变化.地球化学,44(6):581-589.
钱美宇.2011.MicroRespTM方法研究土壤微生物群落水平生理特征(CLPP)进展[OL].[2018-9-19].http://www.paper.edu.cn
孙铁珩,宋玉芳.2002.土壤污染的生态毒理诊断.环境科学学报,22(6):689-695.
王业耀,孟凡生,陈锋.2007.阴极p H控制对污染土壤电动修复效率的影响.环境科学研究,20(2):36-40.
杨小莉.1999.用Langmuir-Blodgett技术研究原油中沥青质和胶质膜性质.石油学报:石油加工,(3):5-10.
岳冰冰,李鑫,任芳菲,等.2011.石油污染地土壤微生物群落的碳源利用特性.应用生态学报,22(12):3259-3264.
赵春晓,赵德智,刘美,等.2014.重油分子结构组成的分析方法研究进展.应用化工,(5):913-915.
周启星,王美娥.2006.土壤生态毒理学研究进展与展望.生态毒理学报,1(1):1-11.
Chapman SJ,Campbell CD,Artz RRE.2007.Assessing CLPPs using MicroRespTM.Journal of Soils&Sediments,7:406-410.
Creamer RE,Stone D,Berry P,et al.2016.Measuring respiration profiles of soil microbial communities across Europe using MicroRespTMmethod.Applied Soil Ecology,97:36-43.
Drage S,Engelmeier D,Bachmann G,et al.2012.Combining microdilution with MicroRespTM:Microbial substrate utilization,antimicrobial susceptibility and respiration.Journal of Microbiological Methods,88:399-412.
Petrova LM,Abbakumova NA,Foss TR,et al.2011.Structural features of asphaltene and petroleum resin fractions.Petroleum Chemistry,51:252-256.
Ramírez EM,Camacho JV,Rodrigo MA,et al.2015.Combination of bioremediation and electrokinetics for the in-situ treatment of diesel polluted soil:A comparison of strategies.Science of the Total Environment,533:307-316.
边岩庆,陶文.2010.石油的微生物降解过程中胶质沥青质的分子结构变化.长江大学学报:自然科学版,7(1):177-179.
陈晓娟,吴小红,刘守龙,等.2013.不同耕地利用方式下土壤微生物活性及群落结构特性分析:基于PLFA和MicroRespTM方法.环境科学,34(6):2375-2382.
丁福臣,王宇航,靳广洲,等.2001.石油沥青质胶态粒子宏观结构尺寸的研究.石油化工高等学校学报,14(2):31-34.
范瑞娟,郭书海,李凤梅,等.2017.有机污染土壤电动-微生物修复过程中的影响因素及优化措施.生态环境学报,26(3):522-530.
付玉豪,李凤梅,郭书海,等.2017.沈阳张士灌区彰驿站镇土壤与水稻植株镉污染分析.生态学杂志,36(7):1965-1972.
胡景芳.2013.石油胶质沥青质类似高分子的特性.能源与节能,97(7):15-17.
嵇婷婷,郭书海,李凤梅,等.2017.电动-微生物修复过程中石油胶质结构和毒性变化.环境工程学报,11(6):3846-3852.
李佳,曹兴涛,隋红,等.2017.石油污染土壤修复技术研究现状与展望.石油学报:石油加工,33(5):811-833.
李凤梅,郭书海,牛之欣,等.2006.稠油降解菌的筛选及其对胶质和沥青质生物降解.土壤通报,37(4):764-767.
李婷婷,郭书海,王加宁,等.2016.周期切换电极极性对电动-微生物修复石油污染土壤的影响.环境工程,34(1):159-163.
刘凤,滕洪辉,任百祥,等.2014.土壤污染的生态毒理诊断研究进展.应用生态学报,25(9):2733-2744.
刘五星,骆永明,滕应,等.2008.石油污染土壤的生态风险评价和生物修复.Ⅲ.石油污染土壤的植物-微生物联合修复.土壤学报,45(5):994-999.
鲁顺保,郭晓敏,芮亦超,等.2012.澳大利亚亚热带不同森林土壤微生物群落对碳源的利用.生态学报,32(9):2819-2826.
罗明,陈新红,李兢,等.2000.种保素对几种作物根际微生物效应的影响.生态学杂志,19(3):69-72.
马志强.2017.三种咪唑硝酸盐类离子液体对土壤理化性质及微生物量的影响(硕士学位论文).泰安:山东农业大学.
潘银华,廖玉宏,彭先芝.2015.辽河原油好氧生物降解模拟过程中化学组成及其碳同位素值的变化.地球化学,44(6):581-589.
钱美宇.2011.MicroRespTM方法研究土壤微生物群落水平生理特征(CLPP)进展[OL].[2018-9-19].http://www.paper.edu.cn
孙铁珩,宋玉芳.2002.土壤污染的生态毒理诊断.环境科学学报,22(6):689-695.
王业耀,孟凡生,陈锋.2007.阴极p H控制对污染土壤电动修复效率的影响.环境科学研究,20(2):36-40.
杨小莉.1999.用Langmuir-Blodgett技术研究原油中沥青质和胶质膜性质.石油学报:石油加工,(3):5-10.
岳冰冰,李鑫,任芳菲,等.2011.石油污染地土壤微生物群落的碳源利用特性.应用生态学报,22(12):3259-3264.
赵春晓,赵德智,刘美,等.2014.重油分子结构组成的分析方法研究进展.应用化工,(5):913-915.
周启星,王美娥.2006.土壤生态毒理学研究进展与展望.生态毒理学报,1(1):1-11.
Chapman SJ,Campbell CD,Artz RRE.2007.Assessing CLPPs using MicroRespTM.Journal of Soils&Sediments,7:406-410.
Creamer RE,Stone D,Berry P,et al.2016.Measuring respiration profiles of soil microbial communities across Europe using MicroRespTMmethod.Applied Soil Ecology,97:36-43.
Drage S,Engelmeier D,Bachmann G,et al.2012.Combining microdilution with MicroRespTM:Microbial substrate utilization,antimicrobial susceptibility and respiration.Journal of Microbiological Methods,88:399-412.
Petrova LM,Abbakumova NA,Foss TR,et al.2011.Structural features of asphaltene and petroleum resin fractions.Petroleum Chemistry,51:252-256.
Ramírez EM,Camacho JV,Rodrigo MA,et al.2015.Combination of bioremediation and electrokinetics for the in-situ treatment of diesel polluted soil:A comparison of strategies.Science of the Total Environment,533:307-316.