基于转子热应力模型的舰船汽轮主机转速限制
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摘要
为避免舰船紧急操纵时汽轮主机转子热疲劳损伤,通常采用限制汽机加速速率将转子热应力控制在许可范围内,然而,限制转速势必影响舰船操控性能。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下搭建汽机转子热应力模型,建立汽机转速与转子热应力之间的函数关系,获取热应力临界条件下的转速变化率,制定转速限制策略,并通过在汽机调速模型上模拟改变设定转速,验证分析该转速限制策略的有效性。结果表明:所制定的策略既能保证汽轮主机转子热应力不超限,又可实现转速快速响应车令,有效提升舰船的机动能力。
In emergency operation, the common practice of limiting turbine acceleration to avoid thermal damage to the rotor of steam turbine may interfere the maneuverability of ship. With MATLAB/SIMULINK an optimized speed limit strategy is developed by establishing the rotor thermal stress model, analyzing the functional relation between turbine speed and rotor thermal stress, and tracing speed rate change in critical varying of thermal stress. The proposed strategy is proved applicable in speed-change simulation with turbine speed control model and it may ensure safe rotor thermal stress, achieve rapid response to speed command, and keep ship in good maneuverability.
In emergency operation, the common practice of limiting turbine acceleration to avoid thermal damage to the rotor of steam turbine may interfere the maneuverability of ship. With MATLAB/SIMULINK an optimized speed limit strategy is developed by establishing the rotor thermal stress model, analyzing the functional relation between turbine speed and rotor thermal stress, and tracing speed rate change in critical varying of thermal stress. The proposed strategy is proved applicable in speed-change simulation with turbine speed control model and it may ensure safe rotor thermal stress, achieve rapid response to speed command, and keep ship in good maneuverability.
引文
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[2] 张超,徐自力,刘石,等.采用热固双向耦合模型的转子热应力计算方法研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2014,48(4):68-72.
[3] DU Q W,ZHENG Z L,XIE Y H.Optimization on Start-up Process of High-Pressure Rotor for Large Power Steam Turbine [J].Thermal Science,2016,20(3):815-822.
[4] 朱泳,金家善,刘东东.舰用蒸汽动力装置回汽刹车与回汽保护技术研究[J].汽轮机技术,2012,54(6):404-407.
[5] 徐宁,刘占生,王庆超.基于舰船发动机转子热应力的快速启动优化[J].船舶力学,2015,19(1):198-205.
[6] 黄柳燕,荆建平,孟光.采用平均温度计算汽轮机转子热应力的二维差分法[J].汽轮机技术,2014,56(5):332-334.
[7] BANASZKIEWICZ M.On-Line Monitoring and Control of Thermal Stresses in Steam Turbine Rotors[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,94(3):763-776.
[8] YANG Y,FENG Z P,LIN R D.A Prediction Method of Temperature Distribution and Thermal Stress for the Throttle Turbine Rotor and its Application[J].Thermal Science,2017,21(1):267-274.
[9] SUN Y J,LIU X Q,HU L S.Online Life Estimation for Steam Turbine Rotor[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2013,26(1):272-279.
[10] 张梦可.反动式汽轮机转子热应力分析及寿命管理软件的设计[D].浙江:浙江大学,2015.
[11] 万祥,胡念苏,韩鹏飞.大数据挖掘技术应用于汽轮机组运行性能优化的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(2):459-467.
[12] 涂环,陈辉.基于多目标遗传算法的汽轮机转速PI控制器参数优化[J].武汉理工大学学报,2014,36(2):67-71.