以房养老理财方案的比较与分析
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摘要
中国老人的房产拥有率很高,但养老储备不足,使得以房养老模式应运而生,它将房产价值流转和养老资源供给有效结合,通过变现房产价值来补充养老资金,在提高老年人晚年生活质量的同时,也构成社会多层次养老保障体系的一部分。文章分析了以房养老保险、售房养老和租房养老3种典型的以房养老方式,以案例的形式从基本概念、计算公式、优势劣势和适应人群等方面进行了详细的阐述。最后提出了促进以房养老模式发展的政策建议,首先是加强宣传引导,培育新型养老观念,其次要完善顶层设计,构建全面制度保障,然后要创新产品种类,开展金融创新。
The elderly in China have a high rate of property ownership, but the lack of old-age reserves makes the housing pension model come into being. It effectively combines the transfer of property value with the supply of old-age resources, supplements the pension fund by realizing the value of the property, and improves the quality of life of the elderly in later years, and also forms part of the multi-level old-age security system. This paper analyzes the typical three-way housing pension system, such as housing pension insurance, house-selling pension and house-renting pension, and elaborates the basic concepts, calculation formulas, advantages and disadvantages, and adaptation population in the form of cases. Finally, it puts forward the policy recommendations to promote the development of the housing pension model. The first is to strengthen publicity and guidance, foster new concept of old-age care, and secondly, improve the top-level design, build a comprehensive system guarantee, and then innovate product types and carry out financial innovation.
The elderly in China have a high rate of property ownership, but the lack of old-age reserves makes the housing pension model come into being. It effectively combines the transfer of property value with the supply of old-age resources, supplements the pension fund by realizing the value of the property, and improves the quality of life of the elderly in later years, and also forms part of the multi-level old-age security system. This paper analyzes the typical three-way housing pension system, such as housing pension insurance, house-selling pension and house-renting pension, and elaborates the basic concepts, calculation formulas, advantages and disadvantages, and adaptation population in the form of cases. Finally, it puts forward the policy recommendations to promote the development of the housing pension model. The first is to strengthen publicity and guidance, foster new concept of old-age care, and secondly, improve the top-level design, build a comprehensive system guarantee, and then innovate product types and carry out financial innovation.
引文
[1] YU SONG. Losing the only child: the one-child policy and elderly care in China [J]. Reproductive Health Matters, 2014, 22(43): 113-124.
[2] 熊景维,钟涨宝,李奥奇.保障替代、代际契约与信息引致:“以房养老”参与意愿的影响因素——基于武汉市中老年人调查数据的实证分析[J].人口研究,2017(1) :50-52.
[3] 蔡尚坤. “以房养老”的本质及其运行机制研究[D].苏州:苏州大学硕士学位论文,2012:15-17.
[4] 芦媛媛.论日本“以房养老”及其启示[J].广州大学学报(社会科学版),2017(10) :94-96.
[5] 武康平,殷俊茹,倪宣明.以房养老影响因素的实证分析——来自北京市调研的证据[J].经济学报,2016(10) :125-128.
[6] HOUSING AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD(HUB). Enhanced Lease Buyback Scheme to Benefit More Elderly and Offer Greater Flexibility[R].Press Release, Housing and Development Board, Singapore , Sept , 2014:11-13.
[7] 柴效武.以房养老——理念与模式[M].北京: 清华大学出版社,2017:13-18.
[8] 王晓锋.“倒按揭”以房养老在我国实施的困境及对策研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学硕士学位论文,2016:20-22.
[9] 殷俊,覃延长.城镇老年群体选择视阈下的“以房养老”研究——基于广西南宁的抽样调查数据[J].北京社会科学,2016(11) :103-105.
[10] 周玉.北京市社会养老服务体系构建的金融支持研究 [D].北京:首都经济贸易大学博士学位论文,2017:156-160.
[2] 熊景维,钟涨宝,李奥奇.保障替代、代际契约与信息引致:“以房养老”参与意愿的影响因素——基于武汉市中老年人调查数据的实证分析[J].人口研究,2017(1) :50-52.
[3] 蔡尚坤. “以房养老”的本质及其运行机制研究[D].苏州:苏州大学硕士学位论文,2012:15-17.
[4] 芦媛媛.论日本“以房养老”及其启示[J].广州大学学报(社会科学版),2017(10) :94-96.
[5] 武康平,殷俊茹,倪宣明.以房养老影响因素的实证分析——来自北京市调研的证据[J].经济学报,2016(10) :125-128.
[6] HOUSING AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD(HUB). Enhanced Lease Buyback Scheme to Benefit More Elderly and Offer Greater Flexibility[R].Press Release, Housing and Development Board, Singapore , Sept , 2014:11-13.
[7] 柴效武.以房养老——理念与模式[M].北京: 清华大学出版社,2017:13-18.
[8] 王晓锋.“倒按揭”以房养老在我国实施的困境及对策研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学硕士学位论文,2016:20-22.
[9] 殷俊,覃延长.城镇老年群体选择视阈下的“以房养老”研究——基于广西南宁的抽样调查数据[J].北京社会科学,2016(11) :103-105.
[10] 周玉.北京市社会养老服务体系构建的金融支持研究 [D].北京:首都经济贸易大学博士学位论文,2017:156-160.