钢印印文特有细节特征初探
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摘要
钢印印文在日常生活中被广泛地应用在毕业证书、公证书以及授权委托书等各种文件上,起到防伪作用,其检验是印章印文检验的重要组成部分。钢印印文具有立体、无色、不容易记录等特性,这也决定了其特征不同于普通的印章印文。目前,文检人员对钢印印文特征的研究和阐述较少,尤其是对钢印印文特有的细节特征研究的更少,而发现和利用这些特有的细节特征却往往是案件检验的关键。由于缺乏研究,文检人员在检验时只能借鉴普通印章印文的特征理论来进行,因此对钢印印文特有的细节特征进行实验研究变得十分重要。本文结合钢印实验,阐述了钢印印文的基本形成过程,把钢印印文特有细节特征分为痕壁特征、立体角度特征、印透特征、图案边缘翘起特征、金属氧化物附着物特征等,同时阐述了这些特有细节特征的基本特点及影响因素,提出了钢印印文检验时的注意事项。
Embossing seals are widely used on many kinds of documents, such as diplomas, notarization documents and commission letters. Actually, embossing seals can secure authenticity and prevent from counterfeiting. The examination of embossing seal is an important part of the seal's. Imprints by embossing seals can make the structure of paper changed and both-sided three-dimensional feature formed. Moreover, both sides of the embossed imprint can reflect the seal's surface features. Such imprints, shown with three-dimensional and colorless feature, are difficult to track record although both of the two sides can tell the features of the involved seals, revealing their own specific features and rules for examination. At present, the studies about the embossing seal's imprints are less, especially for the specific features of them. Therefore, it is very important and crucial to conduct the research on the aspect. Due to lack of reference, the documents examiner can only get resorts to ordinary seal's research theory and practice. As such, this study perhaps is the very priority of its kind. The authors here describe the forming process of embossing seal, classify the specific features of such seal's imprint into five styles: the side-wall marker, three-dimensional angle, transparency, edge pattern and attachment of metal-oxide particles. Meanwhile, the distinguishing peculiarity and influential factors of these specific features are manifested. Attentions are put forward to be paid in examining the embossing seal and its imprints.
Embossing seals are widely used on many kinds of documents, such as diplomas, notarization documents and commission letters. Actually, embossing seals can secure authenticity and prevent from counterfeiting. The examination of embossing seal is an important part of the seal's. Imprints by embossing seals can make the structure of paper changed and both-sided three-dimensional feature formed. Moreover, both sides of the embossed imprint can reflect the seal's surface features. Such imprints, shown with three-dimensional and colorless feature, are difficult to track record although both of the two sides can tell the features of the involved seals, revealing their own specific features and rules for examination. At present, the studies about the embossing seal's imprints are less, especially for the specific features of them. Therefore, it is very important and crucial to conduct the research on the aspect. Due to lack of reference, the documents examiner can only get resorts to ordinary seal's research theory and practice. As such, this study perhaps is the very priority of its kind. The authors here describe the forming process of embossing seal, classify the specific features of such seal's imprint into five styles: the side-wall marker, three-dimensional angle, transparency, edge pattern and attachment of metal-oxide particles. Meanwhile, the distinguishing peculiarity and influential factors of these specific features are manifested. Attentions are put forward to be paid in examining the embossing seal and its imprints.
引文
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[4]全国刑事技术标准化技术委员会痕迹检验分技术委员会.法庭科学工具痕迹中凹陷痕迹的检验规范:GA/T 954-2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:1.
[5]李萌萌,郝红光.盖印条件变化对钢印印文特征的影响[J].铁道警察学院学报,2015(1):43-46.
[2]贾玉文,邹明理,周云玲,等.文件检验大全[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2002:988.
[3]罗亚平.刑事科学技术[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2011:166.
[4]全国刑事技术标准化技术委员会痕迹检验分技术委员会.法庭科学工具痕迹中凹陷痕迹的检验规范:GA/T 954-2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:1.
[5]李萌萌,郝红光.盖印条件变化对钢印印文特征的影响[J].铁道警察学院学报,2015(1):43-46.