探讨基因组DNA与蛋白质的心肾水火关系
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摘要
以中医心肾理论为指导,探讨基因组DNA与细胞中蛋白质间存在的互动关系。基因组DNA包藏数以万计的基因,并选择性地表达不同基因;蛋白质则通过直接或间接的方式影响基因组的表达。基因组DNA与蛋白质间所存在的这种适应生命活动需要的互动关系类似于中医学的心肾水火关系。结合神经系统中即早基因等例证,基因组DNA与蛋白质的互动关系有望为中医学"心肾水火"理论研究提供借鉴思路。
In this discussion, from the view of water-fire theory in traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), the collaboration of genomic DNA and proteins is analyzed. Thousands of genes are embedded in genomic DNA, and genes are expressed specifically to serve the life process. Proteins, as the product of genomic DNA, in turn, affect the expression of genes in the genomic DNA directly or indirectly. Thereby, genomic DNA and proteins are interactive and have the relation of heart-kidney coordination, waterexample, it is hoped that this discussion would help introducing biology into TCM research by understanding the interplay between genomic DNA and proteins in terms of heart-kidney coordination, water-fire coordination in TCM.
In this discussion, from the view of water-fire theory in traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), the collaboration of genomic DNA and proteins is analyzed. Thousands of genes are embedded in genomic DNA, and genes are expressed specifically to serve the life process. Proteins, as the product of genomic DNA, in turn, affect the expression of genes in the genomic DNA directly or indirectly. Thereby, genomic DNA and proteins are interactive and have the relation of heart-kidney coordination, waterexample, it is hoped that this discussion would help introducing biology into TCM research by understanding the interplay between genomic DNA and proteins in terms of heart-kidney coordination, water-fire coordination in TCM.
引文
1杜金行,李春岩,贺琳.试论心肾相交、水火既济.中华中医药杂志,2007,22(2):77-80
2李涵,杜金行,任兴联.浅谈广义“心肾不交”的分型论治.中华中医药杂志,2011,26(12):2797-2799
3孙雷,彭欣,秦林.中医五行学说的分子生克机制初探.天津中医药大学学报,2015,34(3):132-136.
4 Sun L,Qin L,Peng X.Does DNA Represent kidney essence in traditional Chinese medicine?J Altern Complement Integr Med,2017,3:35.
5 Chen K L,Sun Y M,Zhou Y,et al.Associations between APOE polymorphisms and seven diseases with cognitive impairment including Alzheimer's disease,frontotemporal dementia,and dementia with Lewy bodies in southeast China.Psychiatr Genet,2016,26(3):124-131.
6 Feng F,Lu S S,Hu C Y,et al.Association between apolipoprotein Egene polymorphism and depression.J Clin Neurosci,2015,22(8):1232-1238.
7 Garatachea N,Marín P J,Santos-Lozano A,et al.The ApoE gene is related with exceptional longevity:a systematic review and metaanalysis.Rejuvenation Res,2015,18(1):3-13.
8 Lanoiselée H M,Nicolas G,Wallon D,et al.APP,PSEN1,and PSEN2mutations in early-onset Alzheimer disease:a genetic screening study of familial and sporadic cases.PLoS Med,2017,14(3):e1002270.
9 Wagner P J,Park H R,Wang Z,et al.In Vitro effects of lead on gene expression in neural stem cells and associations between up-regulated genes and cognitive scores in children.Environ Health Perspect,2017,125(4):721-729.
10 Putlyaev E V,Ibragimov A N,Lebedeva L A,et al.Structure and functions of the mediator complex.Biochemistry(Mosc),2018,83(4):423-436.
11 Soutourina J.Transcription regulation by the mediator complex.Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2018,19(4):262-274.
12 Mannervik M.Control of Drosophila embryo patterning by transcriptional co-regulators.Exp Cell Res,2014,321(1):47-57.
13 Astapova I.Role of co-regulators in metabolic and transcriptional actions of thyroid hormone.J Mol Endocrinol,2016,56(3):73-97.
14 Meitzen J,Mermelstein P G.Estrogen receptors stimulate brain region specific metabotropic glutamate receptors to rapidly initiate signal transduction pathways.J Chem Neuroanat,2011,42(4):236-241.
15 Gabriel B M,Hamilton D L,Tremblay A M,et al.The Hippo signal transduction network for exercise physiologists.J Appl Physiol(1985),2016,120(10):1105-1117.
16 Sancho R,Blake S M,Tendeng C,et al.Fbw7 repression by hes5creates a feedback loop that modulates Notch-mediated intestinal and neural stem cell fate decisions.PLoS Biol,2013,11(6):e1001586.
17 Miao X,Wu X,Shi W.MicroRNA-346 regulates neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting KLF4.Am J Transl Res,2017,9(12):5400-5410.
18 Li X,Tzeng S Y,Liu X,et al.Nanoparticle-mediated transcriptional modification enhances neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells following transplantation in rat brain.Biomaterials,2016,84:157-166.
19张玉莲,周震,宋宛珊,等.“肾-痴呆-干细胞”理论研究探讨.中华中医药杂志,2017,32(1):60-63
20 Li M,Guo K,Ikehara S.Stem cell treatment for Alzheimer's disease.Int J Mol Sci,2014,15(10):19226-19238.
21 Yue C,Jing N.The promise of stem cells in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease.Transl Neurodegener,2015,4:8.
22王亚莉,齐江彤,崔玉华,等.静脉输注人脐带间充质干细胞治疗慢性失眠的临床观察.中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(2):379-381,385.
23 Tan B,Yu J,Yin Y,et al.The Olig family affects central nervous system development and disease.Neural Regen Res,2014,9(3):329-336.
24 Sarkar A,Hochedlinger K.The sox family of transcription factors:versatile regulators of stem and progenitor cell fate.Cell Stem Cell,2013,12(1):15-30.
25 Beagan J A,Duong M T,Titus K R,et al.YY1 and CTCF orchestrate a3D chromatin looping switch during early neural lineage commitment.Genome Res,2017,27(7):1139-1152.
26 Palmer M B,Majumder P,Cooper J C,et al.Yin yang 1 regulates the expression of snail through a distal enhancer.Mol Cancer Res,2009,7(2):221-229.
27 Li M,Mukasa A,Inda M M,et al.Guanylate binding protein 1 is a novel effector of EGFR-driven invasion in glioblastoma.J Exp Med,2011,208(13):2657-2673.
28 Lu P,Hankel I L,Hostager B S,et al.The developmental regulator protein Gon4l associates with protein YY1,co-repressor Sin3a,and histone deacetylase 1 and mediates transcriptional repression.J Biol Chem,2011,286(20):18311-18319.
29 Sui G,Affar el B,Shi Y,et al.Yin Yang is a negative regulator of p53.Cell,2004,117(7):859-872.
30 Duclot F,Kabbaj M.The role of early growth response 1(EGR1)in brain plasticity and neuropsychiatric disorders.Front Behav Neurosci,2017,11:35.
31 Minatohara K,Akiyoshi M,Okuno H.Role of immediate-early genes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal ensembles underlying the memory trace.Front Mol Neurosci,2016,8:78
32 Barry D N,Commins S.Temporal dynamics of immediate early gene expression during cellular consolidation of spatial memory.Behav Brain Res,2017,327:44-53.
33 Saha R N,Dudek S M.Splitting hares and tortoises:a classification of neuronal immediate early gene transcription based on poised RNApolymerase II.Neuroscience,2013,247:175-181.
34 Manning C E,Williams E S,Robison A J.Reward network immediate early gene expression in mood disorders.Front Behav Neurosci,2017,11:77.
35 Xiao M F,Xu D,Craig M T,et al.NPTX2 and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.Elife,2017,6:e23798.
36 Gallo F T,Katche C,Morici J F,et al.Immediate early genes,memory and psychiatric disorders:focus on c-Fos,Egr1 and Arc.Front Behav Neurosci,2018,12:79
37 Huentelman M J,Muppana L,Corneveaux J J,et al.Association of SNPs in EGR3 and ARC with schizophrenia supports a biological pathway for schizophrenia risk.PLoS One,2015,10(10):e0135076.
38 Seong Y,Moon J,Kim J.Egr1 mediated the neuronal differentiation induced by extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields.Life Sci,2014,102(1):16-27.
39 Adams K W,Kletsov S,Lamm R J,et al.Role for Egr1 in the transcriptional program associated with neuronal differentiation of PC12Cells.PLoS One,2017,12(1):e0170076.
40 Liu N,Cigola E,Tinti C,et al.Unique regulation of immediate early gene and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the odor-deprived mouse olfactory bulb.J Biol Chem,1999,274(5):3042-3047.
41 Ma C,Ying C,Yuan Z,et al.dp5/HRK is a c-Jun target gene and required for apoptosis induced by potassium deprivation in cerebellar granule neurons.J Biol Chem,2007,282(42):30901-30909.
42闫宇辉,李少恒,孔亮,等.NT-3高表达促进神经干细胞向胆碱能神经元分化.中国药理学通报,2016,32(5):631-637.
43韩晶,吉中强,安佰海.从交通心肾论治冠心病心绞痛.山东中医杂志,2014,33(7):527-529.
44安乐君,曲曼古丽,林雪.五行关系与更年期女性高血压辨证分析.中华中医药杂志,2012,27(10):2595-2597.
45南晓强,李娟娥,姜小帆,等.交泰丸治疗2型糖尿病合并失眠的疗效观察.陕西中医学院学报,2015,38(2):43-46.
46付强,赵为民.饥不欲食证治探析.长春中医药大学学报,2015,31(2):223-225.
47陆夏敏,陆敏.王德明教授论心肾不交与肠易激综合征.吉林中医药,2015,35(11):1101-1104.
48王峻,陈铭.崔学教教授对慢性前列腺炎的病因证治观.四川中医,2006,24(4):2-4.
49马月霞,徐霄龙,崔煦然,等.浅谈寨卡病毒病的中医认识.中医杂志,2016,57(8):657-659.
50汤鹏,胡娜,袁琳,等.交泰丸对db/db小鼠的治疗作用及其脂肪组织PGC-1α、GLUT4基因表达的影响.中国中医药科技,2014,21(6):630-632.
51 Dong H,Wang J H,Lu F E,et al.Jiaotai Pill(交泰丸)enhances insulin signaling through phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase pathway in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.Chin J Integr Med,2013,19(9):668-674.
2李涵,杜金行,任兴联.浅谈广义“心肾不交”的分型论治.中华中医药杂志,2011,26(12):2797-2799
3孙雷,彭欣,秦林.中医五行学说的分子生克机制初探.天津中医药大学学报,2015,34(3):132-136.
4 Sun L,Qin L,Peng X.Does DNA Represent kidney essence in traditional Chinese medicine?J Altern Complement Integr Med,2017,3:35.
5 Chen K L,Sun Y M,Zhou Y,et al.Associations between APOE polymorphisms and seven diseases with cognitive impairment including Alzheimer's disease,frontotemporal dementia,and dementia with Lewy bodies in southeast China.Psychiatr Genet,2016,26(3):124-131.
6 Feng F,Lu S S,Hu C Y,et al.Association between apolipoprotein Egene polymorphism and depression.J Clin Neurosci,2015,22(8):1232-1238.
7 Garatachea N,Marín P J,Santos-Lozano A,et al.The ApoE gene is related with exceptional longevity:a systematic review and metaanalysis.Rejuvenation Res,2015,18(1):3-13.
8 Lanoiselée H M,Nicolas G,Wallon D,et al.APP,PSEN1,and PSEN2mutations in early-onset Alzheimer disease:a genetic screening study of familial and sporadic cases.PLoS Med,2017,14(3):e1002270.
9 Wagner P J,Park H R,Wang Z,et al.In Vitro effects of lead on gene expression in neural stem cells and associations between up-regulated genes and cognitive scores in children.Environ Health Perspect,2017,125(4):721-729.
10 Putlyaev E V,Ibragimov A N,Lebedeva L A,et al.Structure and functions of the mediator complex.Biochemistry(Mosc),2018,83(4):423-436.
11 Soutourina J.Transcription regulation by the mediator complex.Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2018,19(4):262-274.
12 Mannervik M.Control of Drosophila embryo patterning by transcriptional co-regulators.Exp Cell Res,2014,321(1):47-57.
13 Astapova I.Role of co-regulators in metabolic and transcriptional actions of thyroid hormone.J Mol Endocrinol,2016,56(3):73-97.
14 Meitzen J,Mermelstein P G.Estrogen receptors stimulate brain region specific metabotropic glutamate receptors to rapidly initiate signal transduction pathways.J Chem Neuroanat,2011,42(4):236-241.
15 Gabriel B M,Hamilton D L,Tremblay A M,et al.The Hippo signal transduction network for exercise physiologists.J Appl Physiol(1985),2016,120(10):1105-1117.
16 Sancho R,Blake S M,Tendeng C,et al.Fbw7 repression by hes5creates a feedback loop that modulates Notch-mediated intestinal and neural stem cell fate decisions.PLoS Biol,2013,11(6):e1001586.
17 Miao X,Wu X,Shi W.MicroRNA-346 regulates neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting KLF4.Am J Transl Res,2017,9(12):5400-5410.
18 Li X,Tzeng S Y,Liu X,et al.Nanoparticle-mediated transcriptional modification enhances neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells following transplantation in rat brain.Biomaterials,2016,84:157-166.
19张玉莲,周震,宋宛珊,等.“肾-痴呆-干细胞”理论研究探讨.中华中医药杂志,2017,32(1):60-63
20 Li M,Guo K,Ikehara S.Stem cell treatment for Alzheimer's disease.Int J Mol Sci,2014,15(10):19226-19238.
21 Yue C,Jing N.The promise of stem cells in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease.Transl Neurodegener,2015,4:8.
22王亚莉,齐江彤,崔玉华,等.静脉输注人脐带间充质干细胞治疗慢性失眠的临床观察.中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(2):379-381,385.
23 Tan B,Yu J,Yin Y,et al.The Olig family affects central nervous system development and disease.Neural Regen Res,2014,9(3):329-336.
24 Sarkar A,Hochedlinger K.The sox family of transcription factors:versatile regulators of stem and progenitor cell fate.Cell Stem Cell,2013,12(1):15-30.
25 Beagan J A,Duong M T,Titus K R,et al.YY1 and CTCF orchestrate a3D chromatin looping switch during early neural lineage commitment.Genome Res,2017,27(7):1139-1152.
26 Palmer M B,Majumder P,Cooper J C,et al.Yin yang 1 regulates the expression of snail through a distal enhancer.Mol Cancer Res,2009,7(2):221-229.
27 Li M,Mukasa A,Inda M M,et al.Guanylate binding protein 1 is a novel effector of EGFR-driven invasion in glioblastoma.J Exp Med,2011,208(13):2657-2673.
28 Lu P,Hankel I L,Hostager B S,et al.The developmental regulator protein Gon4l associates with protein YY1,co-repressor Sin3a,and histone deacetylase 1 and mediates transcriptional repression.J Biol Chem,2011,286(20):18311-18319.
29 Sui G,Affar el B,Shi Y,et al.Yin Yang is a negative regulator of p53.Cell,2004,117(7):859-872.
30 Duclot F,Kabbaj M.The role of early growth response 1(EGR1)in brain plasticity and neuropsychiatric disorders.Front Behav Neurosci,2017,11:35.
31 Minatohara K,Akiyoshi M,Okuno H.Role of immediate-early genes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal ensembles underlying the memory trace.Front Mol Neurosci,2016,8:78
32 Barry D N,Commins S.Temporal dynamics of immediate early gene expression during cellular consolidation of spatial memory.Behav Brain Res,2017,327:44-53.
33 Saha R N,Dudek S M.Splitting hares and tortoises:a classification of neuronal immediate early gene transcription based on poised RNApolymerase II.Neuroscience,2013,247:175-181.
34 Manning C E,Williams E S,Robison A J.Reward network immediate early gene expression in mood disorders.Front Behav Neurosci,2017,11:77.
35 Xiao M F,Xu D,Craig M T,et al.NPTX2 and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.Elife,2017,6:e23798.
36 Gallo F T,Katche C,Morici J F,et al.Immediate early genes,memory and psychiatric disorders:focus on c-Fos,Egr1 and Arc.Front Behav Neurosci,2018,12:79
37 Huentelman M J,Muppana L,Corneveaux J J,et al.Association of SNPs in EGR3 and ARC with schizophrenia supports a biological pathway for schizophrenia risk.PLoS One,2015,10(10):e0135076.
38 Seong Y,Moon J,Kim J.Egr1 mediated the neuronal differentiation induced by extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields.Life Sci,2014,102(1):16-27.
39 Adams K W,Kletsov S,Lamm R J,et al.Role for Egr1 in the transcriptional program associated with neuronal differentiation of PC12Cells.PLoS One,2017,12(1):e0170076.
40 Liu N,Cigola E,Tinti C,et al.Unique regulation of immediate early gene and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the odor-deprived mouse olfactory bulb.J Biol Chem,1999,274(5):3042-3047.
41 Ma C,Ying C,Yuan Z,et al.dp5/HRK is a c-Jun target gene and required for apoptosis induced by potassium deprivation in cerebellar granule neurons.J Biol Chem,2007,282(42):30901-30909.
42闫宇辉,李少恒,孔亮,等.NT-3高表达促进神经干细胞向胆碱能神经元分化.中国药理学通报,2016,32(5):631-637.
43韩晶,吉中强,安佰海.从交通心肾论治冠心病心绞痛.山东中医杂志,2014,33(7):527-529.
44安乐君,曲曼古丽,林雪.五行关系与更年期女性高血压辨证分析.中华中医药杂志,2012,27(10):2595-2597.
45南晓强,李娟娥,姜小帆,等.交泰丸治疗2型糖尿病合并失眠的疗效观察.陕西中医学院学报,2015,38(2):43-46.
46付强,赵为民.饥不欲食证治探析.长春中医药大学学报,2015,31(2):223-225.
47陆夏敏,陆敏.王德明教授论心肾不交与肠易激综合征.吉林中医药,2015,35(11):1101-1104.
48王峻,陈铭.崔学教教授对慢性前列腺炎的病因证治观.四川中医,2006,24(4):2-4.
49马月霞,徐霄龙,崔煦然,等.浅谈寨卡病毒病的中医认识.中医杂志,2016,57(8):657-659.
50汤鹏,胡娜,袁琳,等.交泰丸对db/db小鼠的治疗作用及其脂肪组织PGC-1α、GLUT4基因表达的影响.中国中医药科技,2014,21(6):630-632.
51 Dong H,Wang J H,Lu F E,et al.Jiaotai Pill(交泰丸)enhances insulin signaling through phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase pathway in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.Chin J Integr Med,2013,19(9):668-674.