革家人5项舌运动类型的群体遗传学研究
|
摘要
调查了贵州省黄平县255例(男为133例,女为122例)革家人的卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌共5项舌运动类型.结果如下:(1)革家人卷舌基因频率R=0.295,r=0.705;叠舌基因频率F=0.874,f=0.126;翻舌基因频率T=0.562,t=0.438;尖舌基因频率P=0.259,p=0.741;三叶舌基因频率C=0.028,c=0.972.革家人卷舌出现率在性别间有显著性差异,其余4项舌运动类型的出现率性别间均无统计学意义.(2)在我国族群中,革家人卷舌率、叠舌率、尖舌率低,翻舌率低于侗族、独龙族、回族、达斡尔族,与我国多数族群接近,三叶舌率与大多数南亚类型族群、北亚类型族群差异有统计学意义.(3)革家人的翻舌率、尖舌率、三叶舌率与苗族差异不具有统计学意义,但卷舌率、叠舌率均明显小于当地苗族,且二者差异具有统计学意义.聚类分析结果显示,革家人5项舌运动类型出现率与苗族聚在一起,表明革家人遗传基础与苗族相对较接近,而与其他南方少数民族有所不同.(4)卷舌与翻舌、叠舌与尖舌彼此间存在相关,这表明卷舌基因与翻舌基因之间、叠舌基因与尖舌基因分别存在互作关系.
A sample of 255 cases of GeJia people(male 133,female 122)was investigated on 5tongue moving types,including tongue rolling,tongue folding,tongue twisting,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue.The results as followed:(1)The Gene Frequency of tongue rolling was R=0.295,r=0.705;tongue folding was F=0.874,f= 0.126;tongues twisting was T=0.562,t=0.438;pointed tongue was P=0.259,p= 0.741;clover-leaf tongue was C=0.028,c=0.972.Signficant sexual difference was found in the frequency of rolling tongue,no significant sexual difference were found in other frequencies of 4tongue moving types.(2)In internal population,GeJia people had the low frequencies of tongue rolling,tongue foldlling,tongue pointed.The frequency of tongue,twisting lower than Dong,DuLong,Hui,Daur,and close to almost internal population.The frequency of clover-leaf tongue,had contrast statistics significance with South Asian type and North Asian type.(3)There had no contrast statistics significance between GeJia`s frequency of tongue twisting,pointed tongue,clover-leaf tongue and Miao`s.The frequency of tongue rolling,tongue folding apparent lower than local Miao`s and had contrast statistics significance.The results of cluster analysis showed that GeJia prople and Miao were similar and had the difference with other South population.(4)The tongue rolling was correlative with tongue twisting and pointed tongue.The results showed the gene of tongue rolling and tongue twisting;tongue folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations.
A sample of 255 cases of GeJia people(male 133,female 122)was investigated on 5tongue moving types,including tongue rolling,tongue folding,tongue twisting,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue.The results as followed:(1)The Gene Frequency of tongue rolling was R=0.295,r=0.705;tongue folding was F=0.874,f= 0.126;tongues twisting was T=0.562,t=0.438;pointed tongue was P=0.259,p= 0.741;clover-leaf tongue was C=0.028,c=0.972.Signficant sexual difference was found in the frequency of rolling tongue,no significant sexual difference were found in other frequencies of 4tongue moving types.(2)In internal population,GeJia people had the low frequencies of tongue rolling,tongue foldlling,tongue pointed.The frequency of tongue,twisting lower than Dong,DuLong,Hui,Daur,and close to almost internal population.The frequency of clover-leaf tongue,had contrast statistics significance with South Asian type and North Asian type.(3)There had no contrast statistics significance between GeJia`s frequency of tongue twisting,pointed tongue,clover-leaf tongue and Miao`s.The frequency of tongue rolling,tongue folding apparent lower than local Miao`s and had contrast statistics significance.The results of cluster analysis showed that GeJia prople and Miao were similar and had the difference with other South population.(4)The tongue rolling was correlative with tongue twisting and pointed tongue.The results showed the gene of tongue rolling and tongue twisting;tongue folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations.
引文
[1]郑连斌,陆舜华,陈媛媛,等.中国克木人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(1):45-53.
[2]郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.中国僜人体质特征[J].人类学学报,2009,28(2):162-171.
[3]郑连斌,陆舜华,许渤松,等.中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2008,27(4):350-358.
[4]李技文.家人族群认同的文化表达——以枫香寨为例[J].青海民族研究,2008,19(4):20-24.
[5]李技文.家人“哈戎”仪式的象征符号研究[J].西南民族大学学报:人文社会科学版,2012(7):34-38.
[6]李技文.家人的社会记忆与族群认同[J].湖北民族学院学报:哲学社会科学版,2010,28(5):25-30.
[7]戴小明,盛义龙,刘木球.民族识别与法律认定——以革家人认定个案为研究样本[J].中央民族大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011,38(5):78-88.
[8]余跃生,陆玉炯,李建富.家人4对眼部遗传性状的基因频率[J].黔南民族医专学报,2011,24(2):79-81.
[9]宇克莉,郑连斌,张兴华,等.山东汉族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,31(1):86-90.
[10]李传刚,李咏兰,陆舜华,等.汉族湘语方言族群舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,46(1):84-92.
[11]荣文国,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.江苏汉族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(2):79-83.
[12]陈琛,李玉玲,陆舜华,等.广东化州地区汉族舌运动类型研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(4):475-478.
[13]李咏兰,陆舜华,李玉玲,等.江西汉族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(1):63-67.
[14]郑连斌,陆舜华,包金萍,等.广东客家人5项舌运动类型的人类学研究,人类学学报,2012,31(3):1-9.
[15]皮建辉,雷鸣枝,吴亿中,等.侗族、苗族舌运动类型基因频率的分析[J].怀化学院学报,2005,24(5):86-87.
[16]皮建辉,李林,周建波,等.湖南瓦乡人舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].怀化学院学报,2009,28(5):51-54.
[17]张淑丽,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.布依族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].沈阳师范大学学报:自然科学版,2004,22(3):226-230.
[18]于会新,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.佤族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(1):43-46.
[19]廖颖,黎霞,张技,等.四川凉山彝族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(5):3-6.
[20]张兴华,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.独龙族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2008,32(1):124-129.
[21]丁博,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.仫佬族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津农学院学报,2008,15(2):20-23.
[22]党洁,彭亮,焦海燕,等.宁夏回、汉族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].宁夏医学院学报,2005,27(5):356-357.
[23]李咏兰,陆舜华,栗淑媛,等.鄂温克族与鄂伦春族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报:自然科学汉文版,2001,30(2):146-149.
[24]李咏兰,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.内蒙古达斡尔族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].遗传,1999,21(5):20-22.
[25]Sturtevant A H.A new inherited character in man[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1940,26:100-102.
[26]Urbanowski A,Wilson J.Tongue curling[J].Journal of Heredity,1947,38:365-366.
[27]John J Reedy,Thomas Szczes,Thomas D.Downs tongue rolling among twins[J].Hered,1971,62,125-127.
[28]Edward E.Gahres tongue rolling and tongue folding and other hereditary movements of the tongue[J].Hered,1952,43:221-225,
[29]Startevant A H.A new inherited character in man[J].Proc National USA,1940,26:100-102.
[30]Ann Urbanowski.Joan wilson tongue curling[J].Hered,1947,38:365-366.
[31]Lee J W.Tongue-folding and tongue rolling[J].Hered,1955,56:289-291.
[32]Odokuma E I,Eghworo O,Avwioro G,et al.Tongue rolling and tongue folding traits in an african population[J].International Journal of Morphology,2008,26(3):533-535.
[33]Azimi-Garakani C,Beardmore J A.Tongue-rolling phenotypes and geographical variation in the United Kingdom[J].Anthrop Anz,1989,47(4):305-310.
[34]Datta U,Mitra M,Singhrol C S.A study of nine anthroposcopic traits among the three tribes of the bastar district in madhyapradesh india[J].Anthrop Anz,1989,47:57-71.
[35]Fornaciari G,Mallegni F.Palaenutritional studies on skeletal remains of ancient populations from the mediterranean area:An attempt to interpretation[J].Anthropol Anz,1987,45(4):361-370.
[36]Bulliyya G.Study on Anthropogenetic traits in a caste group of andhra pradesh[J].Anthropologist,2003,5(3):197-199.
[37]Bhasin M K,Anu P S,Madhu B,et al.Biology of the people of Sikkim,India[J].Anthropol Anz,1987,45(4):351-360.
[38]Azimi-Garakani C,Beardmore J A.An association between tongue-rolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1979,11:193-199.
[39]Bell L M,Clegg E J.An association between tongue-rolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1983,15:519-521.
[40]Medyckyj M,Cook L M.An association between tonguerolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1983,15:107-109.
[41]Hsu T C.Tongue unfolding[J].Journal of Heredity,1948,39:187-188.
[42]Liu T T,Hsu T C.Tongue-folding and tongue-rolling in a sample of the Chinese population[J].Journal of Hered,1949,40(1):19-21.
[43]Howard H Hirschhorn.Transmission and learning of tongue gymnastic ability[J].Am J Phys Anthrop,1970,32:451-454.
[44]杨康鹃,朴哲云,金雄吉,等.朝鲜族与汉族中4种舌的运动能力的表型分布及其遗传方式[J].人类学学报,1998,17(1):59-68.
[45]李玉玲,陆舜华,郑连斌.三种舌运动类型遗传方式的研究[J].遗传,2003,25(5):552-554.
[46]郑连斌,陆舜华,李晓卉,等.内蒙古三个族群舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].遗传,1997,19(3):23-25.
[47]Hoch M O.Clove-leaf tongues[J].Journal of Heredity,1949,40:132.
[48]Whitney D D.Clover-leaf tongues[J].Journal of Heredity,1950,41(7):176.
[2]郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.中国僜人体质特征[J].人类学学报,2009,28(2):162-171.
[3]郑连斌,陆舜华,许渤松,等.中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2008,27(4):350-358.
[4]李技文.家人族群认同的文化表达——以枫香寨为例[J].青海民族研究,2008,19(4):20-24.
[5]李技文.家人“哈戎”仪式的象征符号研究[J].西南民族大学学报:人文社会科学版,2012(7):34-38.
[6]李技文.家人的社会记忆与族群认同[J].湖北民族学院学报:哲学社会科学版,2010,28(5):25-30.
[7]戴小明,盛义龙,刘木球.民族识别与法律认定——以革家人认定个案为研究样本[J].中央民族大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011,38(5):78-88.
[8]余跃生,陆玉炯,李建富.家人4对眼部遗传性状的基因频率[J].黔南民族医专学报,2011,24(2):79-81.
[9]宇克莉,郑连斌,张兴华,等.山东汉族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,31(1):86-90.
[10]李传刚,李咏兰,陆舜华,等.汉族湘语方言族群舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,46(1):84-92.
[11]荣文国,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.江苏汉族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(2):79-83.
[12]陈琛,李玉玲,陆舜华,等.广东化州地区汉族舌运动类型研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(4):475-478.
[13]李咏兰,陆舜华,李玉玲,等.江西汉族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(1):63-67.
[14]郑连斌,陆舜华,包金萍,等.广东客家人5项舌运动类型的人类学研究,人类学学报,2012,31(3):1-9.
[15]皮建辉,雷鸣枝,吴亿中,等.侗族、苗族舌运动类型基因频率的分析[J].怀化学院学报,2005,24(5):86-87.
[16]皮建辉,李林,周建波,等.湖南瓦乡人舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].怀化学院学报,2009,28(5):51-54.
[17]张淑丽,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.布依族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].沈阳师范大学学报:自然科学版,2004,22(3):226-230.
[18]于会新,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.佤族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(1):43-46.
[19]廖颖,黎霞,张技,等.四川凉山彝族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(5):3-6.
[20]张兴华,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.独龙族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2008,32(1):124-129.
[21]丁博,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.仫佬族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津农学院学报,2008,15(2):20-23.
[22]党洁,彭亮,焦海燕,等.宁夏回、汉族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].宁夏医学院学报,2005,27(5):356-357.
[23]李咏兰,陆舜华,栗淑媛,等.鄂温克族与鄂伦春族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报:自然科学汉文版,2001,30(2):146-149.
[24]李咏兰,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.内蒙古达斡尔族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].遗传,1999,21(5):20-22.
[25]Sturtevant A H.A new inherited character in man[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1940,26:100-102.
[26]Urbanowski A,Wilson J.Tongue curling[J].Journal of Heredity,1947,38:365-366.
[27]John J Reedy,Thomas Szczes,Thomas D.Downs tongue rolling among twins[J].Hered,1971,62,125-127.
[28]Edward E.Gahres tongue rolling and tongue folding and other hereditary movements of the tongue[J].Hered,1952,43:221-225,
[29]Startevant A H.A new inherited character in man[J].Proc National USA,1940,26:100-102.
[30]Ann Urbanowski.Joan wilson tongue curling[J].Hered,1947,38:365-366.
[31]Lee J W.Tongue-folding and tongue rolling[J].Hered,1955,56:289-291.
[32]Odokuma E I,Eghworo O,Avwioro G,et al.Tongue rolling and tongue folding traits in an african population[J].International Journal of Morphology,2008,26(3):533-535.
[33]Azimi-Garakani C,Beardmore J A.Tongue-rolling phenotypes and geographical variation in the United Kingdom[J].Anthrop Anz,1989,47(4):305-310.
[34]Datta U,Mitra M,Singhrol C S.A study of nine anthroposcopic traits among the three tribes of the bastar district in madhyapradesh india[J].Anthrop Anz,1989,47:57-71.
[35]Fornaciari G,Mallegni F.Palaenutritional studies on skeletal remains of ancient populations from the mediterranean area:An attempt to interpretation[J].Anthropol Anz,1987,45(4):361-370.
[36]Bulliyya G.Study on Anthropogenetic traits in a caste group of andhra pradesh[J].Anthropologist,2003,5(3):197-199.
[37]Bhasin M K,Anu P S,Madhu B,et al.Biology of the people of Sikkim,India[J].Anthropol Anz,1987,45(4):351-360.
[38]Azimi-Garakani C,Beardmore J A.An association between tongue-rolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1979,11:193-199.
[39]Bell L M,Clegg E J.An association between tongue-rolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1983,15:519-521.
[40]Medyckyj M,Cook L M.An association between tonguerolling phenotypes and subjects of study of undergraduates[J].Biosoc Sci,1983,15:107-109.
[41]Hsu T C.Tongue unfolding[J].Journal of Heredity,1948,39:187-188.
[42]Liu T T,Hsu T C.Tongue-folding and tongue-rolling in a sample of the Chinese population[J].Journal of Hered,1949,40(1):19-21.
[43]Howard H Hirschhorn.Transmission and learning of tongue gymnastic ability[J].Am J Phys Anthrop,1970,32:451-454.
[44]杨康鹃,朴哲云,金雄吉,等.朝鲜族与汉族中4种舌的运动能力的表型分布及其遗传方式[J].人类学学报,1998,17(1):59-68.
[45]李玉玲,陆舜华,郑连斌.三种舌运动类型遗传方式的研究[J].遗传,2003,25(5):552-554.
[46]郑连斌,陆舜华,李晓卉,等.内蒙古三个族群舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].遗传,1997,19(3):23-25.
[47]Hoch M O.Clove-leaf tongues[J].Journal of Heredity,1949,40:132.
[48]Whitney D D.Clover-leaf tongues[J].Journal of Heredity,1950,41(7):176.