互联网情境下大学生社会网络对创业意愿影响研究
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摘要
在中国"大众创业、万众创新"的时代背景下,大学生创业问题越来越受到各界的重视。本文基于创业事业模型,构建社会网络对创业意愿的结构方程模型,以290份"互联网+"大学生创新创业大赛选手数据为样本,使用SmartPLS软件进行实证分析。研究表明,社会网络对大学生创业意愿有显著正向影响,作用过程中感知期望和感知可行性起到中介作用,互联网情境对社会网络与感知期望关系起负向调节作用,对感知可行性的调节作用不成立。据此为大学生创业教育中社会网络的培养和互联网的正确使用提供建议。
Under the background of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" in China, the problem of college students' entrepreneurship has elicited increasing attention of researchers. Based on the entrepreneurship model, the structural equation model of social network's entrepreneurship intention is constructed. Based on the data of 290 "Internet +" College Students' innovation and entrepreneurship competition, SmartPLS software was used for empirical analysis. The study shows that personal social network has a significant positive effect on the intention of college students to start a business.Moreover, perceived desirability and perceived possibility play mediating roles and the Internet situation plays a negative role in regulating the relationship between personal social network and perceived desirability. Accordingly, this research provides suggestions for the cultivation of social network and the correct use of Internet in college students' entrepreneurship education.
Under the background of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" in China, the problem of college students' entrepreneurship has elicited increasing attention of researchers. Based on the entrepreneurship model, the structural equation model of social network's entrepreneurship intention is constructed. Based on the data of 290 "Internet +" College Students' innovation and entrepreneurship competition, SmartPLS software was used for empirical analysis. The study shows that personal social network has a significant positive effect on the intention of college students to start a business.Moreover, perceived desirability and perceived possibility play mediating roles and the Internet situation plays a negative role in regulating the relationship between personal social network and perceived desirability. Accordingly, this research provides suggestions for the cultivation of social network and the correct use of Internet in college students' entrepreneurship education.
引文
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[30]金先熙.基于感知期望与感知可行性中介效应的创业政策与大学生创业意愿关系研究[D].东北财经大学,2014.
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[33]Stevenson B.The internet and job search[J].Nber Chapters,2009:67-86.
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[35]Gillett S E,Lehr W H,Osorio C A,et al.Measuring broadband?s economic impact[J].Broadband Properties Llc,2007.
[36]吴挺,王重鸣.互联网情境下的创业行动、信息获取和新创绩效--来自苹果应用商店的证据[J].科学学研究,2016,34(2):260-267.
[37]Granovetter M S.The strength of weak ties[J].American Journal of Sociology,1973,78(6):1360-1380.
[38]Freeman L C,Roeder D,Mulholland R R.Centrality in social networks:ii.experimental results[J].Social Networks,1979,2(2):119-141.
[39]Wheten D.Issues in conduction research[M].Ames:The Lowa State University Press,1982:97-121
[40]Krueger Jr N F,Carsrud A L.Entrepreneurial intentions:applying the theory of planned behaviour[J].Entrepreneurship&Regional Development,1993,5(4):315-330.
[41]Phan P H,Wong P K,Wang C K.Antecedents to entrepreneurship among university students in Singapore:beliefs,attitudes and background[J].Journal of Enterprising Culture,2002,10(02):151-174.
[42]Nunnally J C,Bernstein I.Psychological theory[M].New York:McGraw-Hill.1994.
[43]Bagozzi R P.Causal models in marketing[J].Journal of Marketing,1980,44(4):126.
[44]Fornell C,Larcker D F.Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error[J].Journal of marketing research,1981:39-50.
[2]麦可思研究院:《就业蓝皮书:2018年中国大学生就业报告》,社会科学文献出版社2018年版.
[3]李传佳,李垣.动态视角下的社会网络研究综述与展望[J].软科学,2017,31(04):66-69.
[4]Singh R P,Hills G E,Lumpkin G T,et al.The entrepreneurial opportunity recognition process:examining the role of selfperceived alertness and social networks[C].Academy of Management Proceedings.Briarcliff Manor,1999,1999(1):G1-G6.
[5]胡文安,江岩,罗瑾琏.新常态下高校大学生社会网络与创业意向关系:创业心理弹性的解释[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(19):125-131.
[6]Quan X.Prior experience,social network,and levels of entrepreneurial intentions[J].Management Research Review,2012,35(10):945-957.
[7]汤勇,王福民,宋娟.个体社会网络与创业意向形成关系研究[J].软科学,2012,26(12):32-35.
[8]吴晓波,张超群,王莹.社会网络、创业效能感与创业意向的关系研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(2):104-110.
[9]Bird B J.The operation of intentions in time:the emergence of the new venture[J].Entrepreneurship Theory&Practice,1992,17(1):11-20.
[10]Bagozzi R P,Baumgartner J,Yi Y.An Investigation into the Role of Intentions as Mediators of the Attitude-Behavior Relationship[J].Journal of Economic Psychology,1989,10(1):35--62.
[11]Krueger Jr N F,Reilly M D,Carsrud A L.Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,15(5):411-432.
[12]Shapero A,Sokol L.Shapero A,Sokol L.The social dimensions of entrepreneurship[J].Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship,1982:72-90.
[13]Wasserman S,Faust K.Social network analysis:methods and applications[M].Cambridge university press,1994.
[14]Paul A S,Kwon S W.Social capital:prospects for a new concept[J].The Academy of Management Review,2002,27(1):17-40.
[15]王革,张玉利,吴练达.企业社会资本静态与动态分析[J].天津师范大学学报(社科版),2004(1):16-20.
[16]Mowday R T,Sutton R I.Organizational behavior:linking individuals and groups to organizational contexts[J].Annual Review of Psychology,1993,44(1):195.
[17]Johnson J L,Kuehn R.The small business owner/manager's search for external information[J].Journal of Small Business Management,1987,25(3):53-53.
[18]郭桂贤.中国互联网情境对大学生创业倾向的影响研究[D].大连理工大学,2016.
[19]Simonton D K.Calculated composition changes of some fusion reactor first walls[J].Journal of Biomedical Optics,1975,20(4):1-7.
[20]袁庆宏,陈琳,谢宗晓,等.知识员工的社会网络联结强度与创新行为:关系需求满足与风险规避视角[J].预测,2017,36(2):24-29.
[21]Sparrowe R T,Liden R C,Wayne S J.Social networks and the pdrformance of individuals and groups[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,44(2):316-325.
[22]De Carolis D M,Litzky B E,Eddleston K A.Why networks enhance the progress of new venture creation:the influence of social capital and cognition[J].Entrepreneurship theory Shapero and practice,2009,33(2):527--545.
[23]Tang F,Qin P.Influence of personal social network and coping skills on risk for suicidal ideation in chinese university students[J].PloS one,2015,10(3):e0121023.
[24]Shane S,Venkataraman S.The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research[J].Academy of Management Review,2000,25(1):217-226.
[25]Burt R S.The contingent value of social capital[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(2):339--365.
[26]Singh R,Hills G E,Hybels R C,et al.Opportunity recognition through social network characteristics of entrepreneurs[J].Frontiers of entrepreneurship research,1999:1-8.
[27]Burt R S.Structural holes:the social structure of competition[M].Harvard University Press,1995.
[28]Krueger Jr N F,Brazeal D V.Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs[J].Entrepreneurship theory and practice,1994,18(3):91-104.
[29]Dissanayake D.The impact of perceived desirability and perceived feasibility on entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students in sri lanka:an extended model[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2014,2(1):39-57.
[30]金先熙.基于感知期望与感知可行性中介效应的创业政策与大学生创业意愿关系研究[D].东北财经大学,2014.
[31]Giagtzi Z,Reader C,Darnihamedani D P.How perceived feasibility and desirability of entrepreneurship influence entrepreneurial intentions:a comparison between southern and northern European countries[J].Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam,Erasmus School of Economic,2013.
[32]Saeed S,Muffatto M,Yousafzai S Y.Exploring intergenerational influence on entrepreneurial intention:the mediating role of perceived desirability and perceived feasibility[J].International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management,2014,18(2-3):134-153.
[33]Stevenson B.The internet and job search[J].Nber Chapters,2009:67-86.
[34]Tar U A,Lawrence J E.The potentials of ICT infrastructure in a developing economy:the case of small businesses in Kurdistan Region,Iraq[J].Information,society and justice journal,2011,4(2):101-119.
[35]Gillett S E,Lehr W H,Osorio C A,et al.Measuring broadband?s economic impact[J].Broadband Properties Llc,2007.
[36]吴挺,王重鸣.互联网情境下的创业行动、信息获取和新创绩效--来自苹果应用商店的证据[J].科学学研究,2016,34(2):260-267.
[37]Granovetter M S.The strength of weak ties[J].American Journal of Sociology,1973,78(6):1360-1380.
[38]Freeman L C,Roeder D,Mulholland R R.Centrality in social networks:ii.experimental results[J].Social Networks,1979,2(2):119-141.
[39]Wheten D.Issues in conduction research[M].Ames:The Lowa State University Press,1982:97-121
[40]Krueger Jr N F,Carsrud A L.Entrepreneurial intentions:applying the theory of planned behaviour[J].Entrepreneurship&Regional Development,1993,5(4):315-330.
[41]Phan P H,Wong P K,Wang C K.Antecedents to entrepreneurship among university students in Singapore:beliefs,attitudes and background[J].Journal of Enterprising Culture,2002,10(02):151-174.
[42]Nunnally J C,Bernstein I.Psychological theory[M].New York:McGraw-Hill.1994.
[43]Bagozzi R P.Causal models in marketing[J].Journal of Marketing,1980,44(4):126.
[44]Fornell C,Larcker D F.Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error[J].Journal of marketing research,1981:39-50.