核心劳工标准约束下的居民人均收入——基于国别数据的实证研究
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摘要
核心劳工标准包括四个不同方面,文章除了探讨其单个方面对居民人均收入的影响外,还就其四个方面的综合影响进行了研究,并进一步探讨了其对国内收入差距的影响。实证研究结果表明:禁止童工对居民人均收入的增长和收入差距的缩小具有积极的影响,但禁止强迫劳动、结社与集体谈判自由则会产生消极的阻碍作用,至于反对就业歧视则影响不显著,而四个方面共同作用时的综合影响则不利于居民人均收入的增长和收入差距的缩小。
Because the core labor standards include four different aspects,we not only investgate the impact of singal aspects,we also study the comprehensive effect of four different aspects when they work together.And we further discuss its impact on domestic income gap on the basis of studying the core labor standard impact on a country's overall income level changes.The results of the empirical study show that:banning child labor has a positive impact on growth of per capital income and narrowing the income gap,but banning forced labor,freedom of association and collective bargaining will have negative effect,to objoction employment discrimination the effect was not significant.And the final comprehensive influence,when four aspects of core labor standards work together,is harmful to per capital income and narrowing the income gap in developing countries.
Because the core labor standards include four different aspects,we not only investgate the impact of singal aspects,we also study the comprehensive effect of four different aspects when they work together.And we further discuss its impact on domestic income gap on the basis of studying the core labor standard impact on a country's overall income level changes.The results of the empirical study show that:banning child labor has a positive impact on growth of per capital income and narrowing the income gap,but banning forced labor,freedom of association and collective bargaining will have negative effect,to objoction employment discrimination the effect was not significant.And the final comprehensive influence,when four aspects of core labor standards work together,is harmful to per capital income and narrowing the income gap in developing countries.
引文
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[25]Kaushik Basu.The Intriguing Relation Between Adult Minimum Wage and Child Labour[J].Economic Journal,2000(110):50-61.
[26]魏浩,刘吟.对外贸易与国内收入差距:基于全球125个国家的实证分析[J].统计研究,2011(8):34-42.
[27]Kang H.Park.Educational Expansion and Educational Inequalityon Income Distribution[J].Economics of Education Review,1996(1):51-58.
[2]Kaushik Basu.Child Labor:Cause,Consequence and Cure,with Remarks on International Labor Standards[J].World Bank Policy Research Working Paper,1998(4):46-51.
[3]Brown,Drusilla K.International Labor Standards in the World Trade Organization and the International Organization[J].Department of Economics,Tufts University,Working Paper,2000(11):121-127.
[4]Maskus K.Should Core Labor Standards Be Imposed Through Intenational Trade Poliey?[R].World Bank Poliey Researeh Working Paper,1997,NO.1817.
[5]Phoumin,Han.Human Capital and Hours Worked of Children in Cambodia:Empirical Evidence for Policy Implications[J].Asian Economic Journal,2008(1):25-46.
[6]Haaland.and Wooton.Domestic Labour Markets and Foreign Direct Investment[J].Review of International Economics,2009(2):88-127
[7]Baldwin R E,Seghezza E.Testing for Trade-Induced Investment Led Growth[J].Economia Internazional,2008(61):507-537.
[8]罗伯特·J·巴罗,夏威尔·萨拉-伊-马丁.经济增长[M].上海:格致出版社,2010.
[9]刘树成.不可低估居民人均收入翻番的难度[J].经济研究,2013(2):6-8.
[10]Remi Bazillier.Core Labor Standards and Development:Impact on Long-Term Income[J].World Development,2008(1):17-38.
[11]王晓荣.劳工标准水平与外商直接投资流入:基于国别数据的实证研究[J].中国工业经济,2006(10):32-39.
[12]唐锋,谭晶荣.核心劳工标准对国际贸易的影响:基于包含“多边阻力项”的引力模型[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2014(6):102-108.
[13]D Rodrik.Emerging Agenda for Global Trade:High Stakes for Developing Countries[M].Johns Hopkins University Press.1996.
[14]熊俊.经济增长因素分析模型:对索洛模型的一个扩展[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2005(8):25-34.
[15]朱江丽,刘厚俊.FDI对人力资本积累的影响研究:基于我国部分省级面板数据的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题,2013(11):136-144.
[16]王军,邹广平,石先进.制度变迁对中国经济增长的影响:基于VAR模型的实证研究[J].中国工业经济,2013(6):70-82.
[17]李稻葵,徐欣,江红平.中国经济国民投资率的福利经济学分析[J].经济研究,2012(9):46-56.
[18]钱晓烨,迟巍,黎波.人力资本对我国区域创新及经济增长的影响:基于空间计量的实证研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2010(4):107-121.
[19]A.Casella.Free Trade and Evolving Standards[M].Cambridge:MIT Press,1996.
[20]C.Davenport,D.Armstrong.Democracy and the Violation of Human Rights:A Statistical Analysis From 1976to 1996[J].American Journal of Political Science,2004(3):538-554.
[21]David Metcalf.Union Presence and Labour Productivity in British Manufacturing Industry:A Reply to Nolan and Marginson[J].British Journal of Industrial Relations,2009(2):249-266.
[22]J.Michie.Foreign Direct Investment and Human Capital Enhancement in Developing Countries[J].Competition&Change,2002(4):107-123.
[23]张二震,蒋佩晔.国际贸易、技术创新与人力资源的再配置[J].商业经济与管理,2006(10):53-57.
[24]F.Lafontaine&Sivadasan,J.Do Labor Market Rigidities Have Microeconomic Effects?Evidence From Within the Firm[J].American Economic Journal:Applied Economics,2009(2):88-127.
[25]Kaushik Basu.The Intriguing Relation Between Adult Minimum Wage and Child Labour[J].Economic Journal,2000(110):50-61.
[26]魏浩,刘吟.对外贸易与国内收入差距:基于全球125个国家的实证分析[J].统计研究,2011(8):34-42.
[27]Kang H.Park.Educational Expansion and Educational Inequalityon Income Distribution[J].Economics of Education Review,1996(1):51-58.