巢蕨快速繁殖的研究进展
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摘要
巢蕨(Neottopteris nidus)为铁角蕨科巢蕨属的一种大中型热带附生蕨类植物,性喜湿,稍耐阴,主要用作室内观赏及药材,其食用价值已得到认可,但尚未获得大规模推广。近年来随着需求量的增大,针对其快速繁殖技术的探究工作亟待开展。在此背景下,本综述不仅回顾了巢蕨的分株繁殖、孢子繁殖、离体再生等主要繁殖途径的关键操作方法,而且叙述了巢蕨不同生长时期和栽培容器种植下的养护管理要点,同时介绍了其常见病虫灾害症状及对应的防治措施等方面的内容。最后笔者指出了以巢蕨为对象的研究新热点,以期为探究更高效的繁殖途径、养护措施和开发利用提供参考。
Neottopteris nidus is a large and medium-sized tropical epiphytic fern of the genus Fernaceae. It is sexually wet and slightly shade-tolerant. It is mainly used for indoor ornamental and medicinal materials. Its edible value has been recognized, but has not been widely promoted. In recent years, with the increase of demand, the research work on its rapid propagation technology needs to be carried out urgently. In this context, this review not only reviews the key operational methods of the main reproductive pathways such as ramets propagation, spore reproduction, and in vitro regeneration of Neottopteris nidus, but also briefly describes the maintenance management points of different growth stages and cultivation containers of Neottopteris nidus. At the same time, it also introduces the symptoms of common pests and diseases and the corresponding prevention measures. Finally, the author points out the new research hotspots for Neottopteris nidus, in order to provide a reference for exploring more efficient reproductive pathways, conservation measures and development and utilization.
Neottopteris nidus is a large and medium-sized tropical epiphytic fern of the genus Fernaceae. It is sexually wet and slightly shade-tolerant. It is mainly used for indoor ornamental and medicinal materials. Its edible value has been recognized, but has not been widely promoted. In recent years, with the increase of demand, the research work on its rapid propagation technology needs to be carried out urgently. In this context, this review not only reviews the key operational methods of the main reproductive pathways such as ramets propagation, spore reproduction, and in vitro regeneration of Neottopteris nidus, but also briefly describes the maintenance management points of different growth stages and cultivation containers of Neottopteris nidus. At the same time, it also introduces the symptoms of common pests and diseases and the corresponding prevention measures. Finally, the author points out the new research hotspots for Neottopteris nidus, in order to provide a reference for exploring more efficient reproductive pathways, conservation measures and development and utilization.
引文
GuoT.T.,Zhou X.Y.,Zhang W.,Chen F.,Peng Q.,Chen S.,and Zhang J.F.,2016,Optimization of in vitro culture and regeneration system of Brassica napus,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Agricultural Science),44(7):76-79(郭婷婷,周晓婴,张维,陈锋,彭琦,陈松,张洁夫,2016,甘蓝型油菜离体培养再生体系的优化,江苏农业科学,44(7):76-79)
Jia X.P.,Sun X.B.,Deng Y.M.,Liang L.J.,and Ye X.Q.,2014,Sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome of Asplenium nidus,Yuanyi Xebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),41(11):2329-2341(贾新平,孙晓波,邓衍明,梁丽建,叶晓青,2014,鸟巢蕨转录组高通量测序及分析,园艺学报,41(11):2329-2341)
Liang X.H.,Zhou X.J.,and Xu C.D.,2015,Effect of PEG6000osmotic stress on physiological indexes of Neottopteris nidus(L.)J.Sm.,Gansu Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Gansu Agricultural University),50(3):92-96(梁晓华,周晓俊,徐成东,2015,PEG6000渗透胁迫对鸟巢蕨生理指标的影响,甘肃农业大学学报,50(3):92-96)
Liu Y.,2013,Study on rapid propagation of Neottopteris nidus,Hubei Nongye Kexue(Hubei Agricultural Sciences),52(5):1188-1189(刘洋,2013,鸟巢蕨组培快繁技术研究,湖北农业科学,52(5):1188-1189)
Luo R.,Wu W.L.,Zhang Y.,and Li Y.H.,2010,SSR marker and its application to crop genetics and breeding,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),29(1):137-143(罗冉,吴委林,张旸,李玉花,2010,SSR分子标记在作物遗传育种中的应用,基因组学与应用生物学,29(1):137-143)
Pan X.Y.,Shen X.L.,Zhu K.Y.,Liu H.C.,and Zou Q.C.,2014,Clostridium rapid propagation technology,Zhejiang Nongye Kexue(Zhejiang Agricultural Science),1(7):1049-1050(潘晓韵,沈晓岚,朱开元,刘慧春,邹清成,2014,鸟巢蕨的组培快繁技术,浙江农业科学,1(7):1049-1050)
Qin T.H.,and Zou Z.L.,2004,Tissue culture of Asplenium nidus,Zhiwu Shengli Xuebao(Journal of Plant Physiology),40(3):349-349(秦廷豪,邹宗兰,2004,鸟巢蕨的组织培养,植物生理学报,40(3):349-349)
Sun Z.W.,Huang X.Q.,Li W.J.,Zhong Q.F.,Yu T.Q.,Guo Y.Q.,Li D.Q.,Yin F.Y.,and Cheng Z.Q.,2011,Molecular marker technology and its application in the gene mapping of rice,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),30(1):78-86(孙正文,黄兴奇,李维蛟,钟巧芳,余腾琼,郭怡卿,李定琴,殷富有,程在全,2011,分子标记技术及其在水稻基因定位上的应用,基因组学与应用生物学,30(1):78-86)
Wang S.Z.,2006,Breeding and cultivation techniques of fern flowers,Henan Nongye Kexue(Henan Agricultural Science),35(4):87-88(王淑珍,2006,蕨类花卉的繁殖及栽培技术,河南农业科学,35(4):87-88)
Wu S.B.,Lan Y.Y.,Chen Y.Y.,and Wang S.F.,2014,Study on the survival rate of seedling transplanting of nest fern group,Fujian Rezuo Keji(Fujian Hot Technology),39(4):5-7(吴士彬,蓝炎阳,陈毅勇,王少峰,2014,巢蕨组培苗移栽成活率研究,福建热作科技,39(4):5-7)
Yang F.C.,2009,Cultivation and management of tropical ferns(XII)nest fern,Zhongguo Huahui Yuanyi(Chinese Flower Horticulture),(22):26-27(杨逢春,2009,热带蕨类植物专题(十二)巢蕨的栽培管理,中国花卉园艺,(22):26-27)
Yu Y.M.,Ge Y.Y.,Shen X.L.,and Pan X.Y.,2012,Study on the cultivation techniques of hanging flowers such as nepenthes,saffron,and nest fern,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Agricultural Science),40(5):140-142(郁永明,葛亚英,沈晓岚,潘晓韵,2012,猪笼草、口红花、鸟巢蕨等垂吊花卉栽培技术研究,江苏农业科学,40(5):140-142)
Zeng L.L.,Wei D.S.,Wang Y.P.,Li Y.,and Xing X.C.,1996,Introduction and cultivation of nest fern,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine),21(12):727-727(曾莉莉,魏德生,王用平,李英,邢小川,1996,巢蕨的引种栽培,中国中药杂志,21(12):727-727)
Zhang G.F.,Zhai S.H.,Su W.H.,and Li Y.M.,2008,Effects of light intensity and air temperature on the photosynthesis of Neottopteris nidus,Kunming Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of the Kunming University),30(4):62-63(张光飞,翟书华,苏文华,李雨末,2008,光照和温度对鸟巢蕨光合速率的影响研究,昆明学院学报,30(4):62-63)
Zhang S.X.,Fan J.Q.,Zheng G.Z.,and Chen C.M.,2012,Studies on the spore propagation of Asplenium nidus,Yaredai Zhiwu Kexue(Subtropical Plant Science),41(4):48-50(张善信,范俊强,郑贵朝,陈春满,2012,鸟巢蕨孢子繁殖技术研究,亚热带植物科学,41(4):48-50)
Zhao X.F.,2005,Spore breeding techniques of ferns,Zhongguo Zhongye(Chinese Seed Industry),(2):42-43(赵秀芳,2005,蕨类植物的孢子繁殖技术,中国种业,(2):42-43)
Jia X.P.,Sun X.B.,Deng Y.M.,Liang L.J.,and Ye X.Q.,2014,Sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome of Asplenium nidus,Yuanyi Xebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),41(11):2329-2341(贾新平,孙晓波,邓衍明,梁丽建,叶晓青,2014,鸟巢蕨转录组高通量测序及分析,园艺学报,41(11):2329-2341)
Liang X.H.,Zhou X.J.,and Xu C.D.,2015,Effect of PEG6000osmotic stress on physiological indexes of Neottopteris nidus(L.)J.Sm.,Gansu Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Gansu Agricultural University),50(3):92-96(梁晓华,周晓俊,徐成东,2015,PEG6000渗透胁迫对鸟巢蕨生理指标的影响,甘肃农业大学学报,50(3):92-96)
Liu Y.,2013,Study on rapid propagation of Neottopteris nidus,Hubei Nongye Kexue(Hubei Agricultural Sciences),52(5):1188-1189(刘洋,2013,鸟巢蕨组培快繁技术研究,湖北农业科学,52(5):1188-1189)
Luo R.,Wu W.L.,Zhang Y.,and Li Y.H.,2010,SSR marker and its application to crop genetics and breeding,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),29(1):137-143(罗冉,吴委林,张旸,李玉花,2010,SSR分子标记在作物遗传育种中的应用,基因组学与应用生物学,29(1):137-143)
Pan X.Y.,Shen X.L.,Zhu K.Y.,Liu H.C.,and Zou Q.C.,2014,Clostridium rapid propagation technology,Zhejiang Nongye Kexue(Zhejiang Agricultural Science),1(7):1049-1050(潘晓韵,沈晓岚,朱开元,刘慧春,邹清成,2014,鸟巢蕨的组培快繁技术,浙江农业科学,1(7):1049-1050)
Qin T.H.,and Zou Z.L.,2004,Tissue culture of Asplenium nidus,Zhiwu Shengli Xuebao(Journal of Plant Physiology),40(3):349-349(秦廷豪,邹宗兰,2004,鸟巢蕨的组织培养,植物生理学报,40(3):349-349)
Sun Z.W.,Huang X.Q.,Li W.J.,Zhong Q.F.,Yu T.Q.,Guo Y.Q.,Li D.Q.,Yin F.Y.,and Cheng Z.Q.,2011,Molecular marker technology and its application in the gene mapping of rice,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),30(1):78-86(孙正文,黄兴奇,李维蛟,钟巧芳,余腾琼,郭怡卿,李定琴,殷富有,程在全,2011,分子标记技术及其在水稻基因定位上的应用,基因组学与应用生物学,30(1):78-86)
Wang S.Z.,2006,Breeding and cultivation techniques of fern flowers,Henan Nongye Kexue(Henan Agricultural Science),35(4):87-88(王淑珍,2006,蕨类花卉的繁殖及栽培技术,河南农业科学,35(4):87-88)
Wu S.B.,Lan Y.Y.,Chen Y.Y.,and Wang S.F.,2014,Study on the survival rate of seedling transplanting of nest fern group,Fujian Rezuo Keji(Fujian Hot Technology),39(4):5-7(吴士彬,蓝炎阳,陈毅勇,王少峰,2014,巢蕨组培苗移栽成活率研究,福建热作科技,39(4):5-7)
Yang F.C.,2009,Cultivation and management of tropical ferns(XII)nest fern,Zhongguo Huahui Yuanyi(Chinese Flower Horticulture),(22):26-27(杨逢春,2009,热带蕨类植物专题(十二)巢蕨的栽培管理,中国花卉园艺,(22):26-27)
Yu Y.M.,Ge Y.Y.,Shen X.L.,and Pan X.Y.,2012,Study on the cultivation techniques of hanging flowers such as nepenthes,saffron,and nest fern,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Agricultural Science),40(5):140-142(郁永明,葛亚英,沈晓岚,潘晓韵,2012,猪笼草、口红花、鸟巢蕨等垂吊花卉栽培技术研究,江苏农业科学,40(5):140-142)
Zeng L.L.,Wei D.S.,Wang Y.P.,Li Y.,and Xing X.C.,1996,Introduction and cultivation of nest fern,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine),21(12):727-727(曾莉莉,魏德生,王用平,李英,邢小川,1996,巢蕨的引种栽培,中国中药杂志,21(12):727-727)
Zhang G.F.,Zhai S.H.,Su W.H.,and Li Y.M.,2008,Effects of light intensity and air temperature on the photosynthesis of Neottopteris nidus,Kunming Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of the Kunming University),30(4):62-63(张光飞,翟书华,苏文华,李雨末,2008,光照和温度对鸟巢蕨光合速率的影响研究,昆明学院学报,30(4):62-63)
Zhang S.X.,Fan J.Q.,Zheng G.Z.,and Chen C.M.,2012,Studies on the spore propagation of Asplenium nidus,Yaredai Zhiwu Kexue(Subtropical Plant Science),41(4):48-50(张善信,范俊强,郑贵朝,陈春满,2012,鸟巢蕨孢子繁殖技术研究,亚热带植物科学,41(4):48-50)
Zhao X.F.,2005,Spore breeding techniques of ferns,Zhongguo Zhongye(Chinese Seed Industry),(2):42-43(赵秀芳,2005,蕨类植物的孢子繁殖技术,中国种业,(2):42-43)