养老需关注之重点:贫病交加的老年人口
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摘要
聚焦贫病交加老年人口,减轻其疾病、贫困、被老化三重重负是当前需着力解决的关键性、探底性养老保障问题。基于对C市2399位贫病交加老年人口的实际调研发现,目前贫病交加老年人口不仅经济困难、疾病缠身、老化加重,而且三者互相交织,形成恶性循环,本应受到重点关注,但却成为部门政策扶持真空群体。因此,要实施医、养、扶的耦合联攻策略,通过建构有针对性的专项经济救助体系,提高特殊弱势群体医保报销额度等手段,达到以脱贫、康老行动带动惠老、福老目标的实现。
Focusing on the poor and sick elderly population,reducing the three major burdens of disease,poverty,and aging is the key and bottom-up security issue that needs to be addressed. Based on the actual investigation of the elderly population suffering from poverty and disease in C city,it is found that they are not only suffering from economic difficulties,but also suffering from diseases and aggravated aging,and the three are intertwined,forming a vicious circle,which should be the focus of attention,but it has become a vacuum people for departmental policy support.Therefore,it is necessary to implement the coupling strategy of medical,nursing and support,to build a targeted special economic assistance system,and to increase the amount of medical insurance reimbursement for special vulnerable groups,so as to achieve the goal of benefiting the elderly through poverty alleviation measures and rehabilitation initiatives.
Focusing on the poor and sick elderly population,reducing the three major burdens of disease,poverty,and aging is the key and bottom-up security issue that needs to be addressed. Based on the actual investigation of the elderly population suffering from poverty and disease in C city,it is found that they are not only suffering from economic difficulties,but also suffering from diseases and aggravated aging,and the three are intertwined,forming a vicious circle,which should be the focus of attention,but it has become a vacuum people for departmental policy support.Therefore,it is necessary to implement the coupling strategy of medical,nursing and support,to build a targeted special economic assistance system,and to increase the amount of medical insurance reimbursement for special vulnerable groups,so as to achieve the goal of benefiting the elderly through poverty alleviation measures and rehabilitation initiatives.
引文
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[15]杜鹏,孙鹃娟,张文娟,王雪辉.中国老年人的养老需求及家庭和社会养老资源现状——基于2014年中国老年社会追踪调查的分析[J].人口研究,2016(6):49-61.
[16] Veit Wambach,J Lindenthal. Health Care Networks in Germany:Status Quo and Key Success Factors[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung–Gesundheitsschutz,2015(4-5):374-382.
[17]蒲新微.失能老人智能化养老何以可能:一个系统性施行框架的阐释[J].兰州学刊,2018(10):183-190.
(1)C市市区和辖区低保线不统一,所辖的S区和J区城市低保标准每人每月400元,农村低保标准每人每年3650元;所辖的Y市城市低保标准每人每月360元,农村低保标准每人每年3524元;所辖的D市城市低保标准每人每月393元,农村低保标准每人每年3710元;所辖的N县城市低保标准每人每月430元,农村低保标准每人每年3650元。
[2] Kettunen Pauli,Kuhnle Stein. Reshaping Welfare Institutions in China and the Nordic Countries. Helsinki[J]. International social security review,2014(3-4):152–162.
[3] Caryn Bredenkamp,Mariapia Mendola,Michele Gragnolati. Catastrophic and Impoverishing Effects of Health Expenditure:New Evidence from the Western Balkans[J]. Health Policy and planning,2011(26):349–356.
[4] Cavagnero E,Carrin G,Xu K,et al.Rivera,Health Financing in Argentina:An Empirical Study of Health Care Expenditure and Utilization[R]. Working Paper Series in Innovations in Health Financing,Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica,Mexico,2006.
[5] Whitehead M,Dahlgren G,Evans T. Equity and Health Sector Reforms:Can Low Income Countries Escape the Medical Poverty Trap?[J]. Lancet,2001(8):833-836.
[6] Ikegami N,Yoo B K,Hashimoto H,et al. Japanese Universal Health coverage:Evolution,Achievements,and Challenges[J].The Lancet,2011(9796):1106-1115.
[7] Centers for Medicare&Medicaid Services(CMS),HHS.Medicare and Medicaid Programs;Approval of the Joint Commission for Continued Deeming Authority for Hospice[J]. Finalnotice FedRegist,2009,74(58):13439-41.
[8]洪秋妹,常向阳.我国农村居民疾病与贫困的相互作用分析[J].农业经济问题,2010(4):85-94+112.
[9]于洁.农村居民因病致贫影响因素及对策探究[D].陕西师范大学,2017.
[10]杨立雄.完善医疗保障体制打破“贫病交加”循环圈[J].中国医疗保险,2016(2):12-16.
[11]杨立雄,郝玉玲.农村老年人贫病交加问题研究[J].中国医疗保险,2016(11):29-33.
[12]戴维.社会学[M].李强等,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999:77.
[13] Oppenheim,Poverty:the Facts[M]. London:Child Poverty Action Group,1990:101.
[14]卓日娜图娅.贫困地区医疗资源配置与老年人健康[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017(4):87-98.
[15]杜鹏,孙鹃娟,张文娟,王雪辉.中国老年人的养老需求及家庭和社会养老资源现状——基于2014年中国老年社会追踪调查的分析[J].人口研究,2016(6):49-61.
[16] Veit Wambach,J Lindenthal. Health Care Networks in Germany:Status Quo and Key Success Factors[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung–Gesundheitsschutz,2015(4-5):374-382.
[17]蒲新微.失能老人智能化养老何以可能:一个系统性施行框架的阐释[J].兰州学刊,2018(10):183-190.
(1)C市市区和辖区低保线不统一,所辖的S区和J区城市低保标准每人每月400元,农村低保标准每人每年3650元;所辖的Y市城市低保标准每人每月360元,农村低保标准每人每年3524元;所辖的D市城市低保标准每人每月393元,农村低保标准每人每年3710元;所辖的N县城市低保标准每人每月430元,农村低保标准每人每年3650元。