超疏水棉纤维制备及其选择性吸附油性溶剂的能力
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摘要
以氨水为催化剂,乙醇为溶剂,通过顺序水解正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)和十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷(WD-10),"一锅"制得了疏水性较佳的SiO_2微粉,而后采用简单的浸渍法将疏水SiO_2负载于脱脂棉上制得疏水性棉纤维。通过激光粒度仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪和扫描电子显微镜对疏水SiO_2粉体及改性棉纤维表面性质做了表征,发现负载疏水SiO_2粉体的脱脂棉纤维由亲水性变成了表面接触角大于150°的超疏水性;选择环己烷作为油性溶剂,研究所得超疏水棉纤维对水、环己烷、环己烷/水乳液的吸附能力,实验结果表明该疏水棉纤维对环己烷及环己烷/水乳液具有较佳的选择吸附性,其对环己烷及环己烷/水乳液的初次吸附容量分别为28.33g/g和27.42g/g,经过20次重复使用,吸附容量仍然可达到19.18g/g和18.45g/g。经疏水改性的棉纤维对油性溶剂或含有油性溶剂的乳液具有较好的选择吸附性,且可重复使用性较好,在含油废水处理领域具有一定的应用前景。
In this work,taking ammonia as catalyst and ethanol as solvent,SiO_2 micropowder with good hydrophobicity was synthesized through hydrolyzing tetraethoxysilane(TEOS),γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH-550)and dodecyltrimethoxysilane(WD-10)in sequence.Then,hydrophobic cotton fibers were prepared by dipping absorbent cotton fibers in the hydrophobic SiO_2 dispersions.Hydrophobic SiO_2 micropowder and modified cotton fibers were characterized by laser particle analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,contact angle meter and scanning electron microscope.Choosing cyclohexane as the representative of oily solvent,the adsorption capabilities of modified cotton fibers to water,cyclohexane and cyclohexane/water emulsion were studied intensively.The results showed that the modified cotton fibers exhibit distinct selective adsorption to oily solvent and O/W emulsion.The absorption capacities of modified cotton for cyclohexane and cyclohexane/water emulsion at the first time are 28.33 g/g and 27.42 g/g,respectively.Even after 20 times recycle,the corresponding absorption capacities of modified cotton still can achieve 19.18 g/g and 18.45 g/g,respectively.Therefore,hydrophobic modified cotton fibers has good application prospect in the field of treating oil-bearing waster water.
In this work,taking ammonia as catalyst and ethanol as solvent,SiO_2 micropowder with good hydrophobicity was synthesized through hydrolyzing tetraethoxysilane(TEOS),γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH-550)and dodecyltrimethoxysilane(WD-10)in sequence.Then,hydrophobic cotton fibers were prepared by dipping absorbent cotton fibers in the hydrophobic SiO_2 dispersions.Hydrophobic SiO_2 micropowder and modified cotton fibers were characterized by laser particle analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,contact angle meter and scanning electron microscope.Choosing cyclohexane as the representative of oily solvent,the adsorption capabilities of modified cotton fibers to water,cyclohexane and cyclohexane/water emulsion were studied intensively.The results showed that the modified cotton fibers exhibit distinct selective adsorption to oily solvent and O/W emulsion.The absorption capacities of modified cotton for cyclohexane and cyclohexane/water emulsion at the first time are 28.33 g/g and 27.42 g/g,respectively.Even after 20 times recycle,the corresponding absorption capacities of modified cotton still can achieve 19.18 g/g and 18.45 g/g,respectively.Therefore,hydrophobic modified cotton fibers has good application prospect in the field of treating oil-bearing waster water.
引文
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[2]PINTOR A M A,VILAR V J P,BOTELHO C M S,et al.Oil and grease removal from wastewaters:sorption treatment as an alternative to state-of-the-art technologies.A critical review[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,297:229-255.
[3]杨晴,傅寅翼,高爱林,等.含油废水处理用分离材料研究进展[J].高分子通报,2016(9):254-261.
[4]付永川,杨海蓉,张君,等.含油废水吸附处理技术研究进展[J].应用化工,2017,46(10):2035-2038.
[5]高远,闫来洪,应璐炜.农作物废料对海洋溢油吸附研究[J].油气田环境保护,2011,21(4):32-35.
[6]马伟,徐赛男,陈克,等.海绵状活性炭/有机复合多孔材料的制备及其吸油性能[J].新型炭材料,2015,30(5):425-431.
[7]余亚兰,尹峰,唐仕波.基于微流控法单分散多孔微球的制备及其油吸附性能研究[J].现代化工,2018,38(6):136-139.
[8]CHEN X L,LIU L L,LIU K Q,et al.Facile preparation of porous polymeric composite monoliths with superior performances in oil-water separation-a low-molecular mass gelators-based gel emulsion approach[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2:10081-10089.
[9]MIAO Q,CHEN X L,LIU LL,et al.Synergetic effect based gel-emulsions and their utilization for the template preparation of porous polymeric monoliths[J].Langmuir,2014,30(45):13680-13688.
[10]CHEN X L,LIU L L,LIU K Q,et al.Compressible porous hybrid monoliths:Preparation via a low molecular mass gelators-based gel emulsion approach and exceptional performances[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3:24322-24332.
[11]MIAO R,PENG J X,FANG Y.Molecular gels as intermediates in the synthesis of porous materials and fluorescent films:Concepts and applications[J].Langmuir,2017,33:10419-10428.
[12]刘春,方袁烽,苗笑梅,等.超疏水海绵的制备及油水分离性能研究[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,17(2):118-123.
[13]祝青,刘慧慧,肖春,等.超疏水海绵和氧化硅的制备及复合油水分离性能研究[J].功能材料,2017,48(2):2074-2079.
[14]程千会,刘长松.用于油水分离的超疏水氧化锌海绵的制备及其性能[J].中国表面工程,2018,31(1):148-155.
[15]WANG Y K,WANG B,WANG J H,et al.Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic porous reduced graphene oxide/polycarbonate monoliths for high-efficiency oil/water separation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2018,344:849-856.
[16]LU Y Q,YUAN W Z.Superhydrophobic three-dimensional porous ethyl cellulose absorbent with micro/nano-scale hierarchical structures for highly efficient removal of oily contaminants from water[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2018,191:86-94.