栽培措施对藏药波棱瓜种子产量品质形成的影响
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摘要
为研究不同栽培措施对藏药波棱瓜种子品质和产量的影响。设置不同催芽方法、不同播期、不同密度、不同施肥方案进行小区对比试验,分别以种子千粒重、单株产量、单位面积产量为指标对比分析。结果表明,ABT 6号生根粉(GGR 6)200 mg·L~(-1)溶液和青霉素200 mg·L~(-1)溶液浸种催芽可显著提高种子出苗率、种子千粒重及产量;5月播期的种子千粒重最高,6月播期的单位面积产量最高;EM益生菌肥和追施磷肥可显著提高种子千粒重和单位面积产量;不同措施所产波棱瓜子的检验均符合部颁藏药材标准。筛选出的催芽方法、播期、施肥方案对波棱瓜的人工栽培和种子生产有重要指导意义。
To study the effects of different cultivation measures on the seed quality and yield of Tibetan herb medicine Herpetospermum Pedunculosum,different germination promotion methods,different sowing dates,different densities and different fertilization schemes were set up for small plots comparison test.1000-seed weight, the yield per plant and per unit area were used as the index for comparative analysis.The results showed that seed germination promotion with soaking in the solution ABT 6 rooting powder(GGR 6) 200 mg·L~(-1) and penicillin solution 200 mg·L~(-1) could significantly increase seed emergence rate,seed 1000-seed weight and yield unit area;The 1000-seed weight was the highest if it was sowed in May and the yield per unit area was the highest if it was sowed in June;EM probiotic fertilizer and topdressing phosphate fertilizer can significantly increase the 1000-seed weight and yield per unit area.The results of different measures were in accordance with the criteria of Tibetan medicinal materials issued by Health Ministry of P.R.C.The contents of herpetrione and herpetin in the seeds produced by different measures were in accordance with the criteria of Tibetan Medicine Standard issued by Health Ministry of P.R.C.The selected method of accelerating germination and applying fertilizer at sowing time has important guiding significance to the artificial cultivation and seed production of Herpetospermum Pedunculosum.
To study the effects of different cultivation measures on the seed quality and yield of Tibetan herb medicine Herpetospermum Pedunculosum,different germination promotion methods,different sowing dates,different densities and different fertilization schemes were set up for small plots comparison test.1000-seed weight, the yield per plant and per unit area were used as the index for comparative analysis.The results showed that seed germination promotion with soaking in the solution ABT 6 rooting powder(GGR 6) 200 mg·L~(-1) and penicillin solution 200 mg·L~(-1) could significantly increase seed emergence rate,seed 1000-seed weight and yield unit area;The 1000-seed weight was the highest if it was sowed in May and the yield per unit area was the highest if it was sowed in June;EM probiotic fertilizer and topdressing phosphate fertilizer can significantly increase the 1000-seed weight and yield per unit area.The results of different measures were in accordance with the criteria of Tibetan medicinal materials issued by Health Ministry of P.R.C.The contents of herpetrione and herpetin in the seeds produced by different measures were in accordance with the criteria of Tibetan Medicine Standard issued by Health Ministry of P.R.C.The selected method of accelerating germination and applying fertilizer at sowing time has important guiding significance to the artificial cultivation and seed production of Herpetospermum Pedunculosum.
引文
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[2]中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会.中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准:藏药(第一册)[S].1995.
[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志.第73(1)卷[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[4]帝玛尔·丹增彭措著,毛继祖等译.晶珠本草[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2012.
[5]冯欣.藏药波棱瓜子抗肝纤维化作用及机理研究[D].北京中医药大学,2018.
[6]Xin Feng,Ge-jia Zhong,Da Ji Deng Ba,et al.Hepatoprotective effect of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats[J].J Cell Mol Med,2018,22(7):3691-3697.
[7]Ming-Hui Li,Xin Feng,Da Ji Deng Ba,et al.Hepatoprotection of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.against CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis on rats[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2019(229):1-14.
[8]中国药典2015年版一部附录[S].2015.
[9]中国药典2015年版四部[S].2015.
[10]呼凤兰,王晓晶,褚盼盼.几种植物激素对黄瓜种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2016,35(03):42-44,47.
[11]鱼小军,王芳,龙瑞军.破除种子休眠方法研究进展[J].种子,2005,24(07):46-49.
[12]王宏霞,陈垣,蔡子平.藏药波棱瓜种子萌发特性研究[J].北方园艺,2010(21):215-217.
[13]关法春,权红,王军峰,等.延迟播期对西藏赤瓟产量构成的影响[J].中草药,2014,45(05):718-720.
[14]Correia1 O,Barradas M C.Ecophysiological differences between male and female plants of Pistacia lentiscus L.[J].Plant Ecol,2000,149:131-142.
[15]El-Keblawy A,Freeman D C.Spatial segregation by gender of the subdioecious shrub Thymelaea hirsute in the Egyptian desert[J].Inter J Plant Sci,1999,160:341-350.