新保守主义对美国外交的影响
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摘要
新保守主义是美国冷战期间兴起的重要政治思潮之一。冷战结束后,这种政治思潮仍对美国内政外交政策发挥着深远广泛的影响。美国新保守主义思潮的形成与发展可以回溯到18世纪末形成的保守主义思想,其发展历程深受美国国内政治发展的影响。新保守主义的政治思潮以美国民主与价值观为核心,全面地影响着美国对外政策,并且新保守主义影响下的美国外交理念的核心目标是维护和重构美国主导下的"新世界秩序",以捍卫和加强美国的国家安全与利益,促进传播美国的价值观念。新保守主义极力主张美国积极干预国际事务的对外政策,以确保其全球霸权与领导地位,尤其要肩负起西方自由世界领袖的重任。当前,新保守主义思潮的外交理念是美国对外输出民主,实行单边主义,加强意识形态攻势,维护美国霸权地位的思想基础,其对当前美国外交影响具有深刻的理论指导意义。
Neoconservatism is one of the important political trends that emerged during the cold War in the United States. After the end of the cold war, this kind of political trend of thought still has a profound and extensive influence on the foreign policy of the United States. The formation and development of American neo-conservative trend of thought can be traced back to the conservative thought formed in the late 18 th century, and its development course is deeply influenced by the domestic political development of the United States. The political trend of Neoconservatism, with American democracy and values as its core, has a fully influence on American foreign policy, and the core goal of the American diplomatic idea under the influence of Neoconservatism is to safeguard and reconstruct the "New World Order" under the leadership of the United States in order to safeguard and strengthen the national security and interests of the United States Neoconservatism strongly advocates that the United States actively intervene in the foreign policy of international affairs in order to ensure its global hegemony and leadership, especially to shoulder the heavy responsibility of the leaders of the western free world. Currently, the diplomatic idea of Neo-conservative trend of thought is the ideological basis of American foreign export democracy, unilateralism, strengthening ideological offensive and safeguarding American hegemonic status, which has profound theoretical guiding significance to the influence of American diplomacy at present.
Neoconservatism is one of the important political trends that emerged during the cold War in the United States. After the end of the cold war, this kind of political trend of thought still has a profound and extensive influence on the foreign policy of the United States. The formation and development of American neo-conservative trend of thought can be traced back to the conservative thought formed in the late 18 th century, and its development course is deeply influenced by the domestic political development of the United States. The political trend of Neoconservatism, with American democracy and values as its core, has a fully influence on American foreign policy, and the core goal of the American diplomatic idea under the influence of Neoconservatism is to safeguard and reconstruct the "New World Order" under the leadership of the United States in order to safeguard and strengthen the national security and interests of the United States Neoconservatism strongly advocates that the United States actively intervene in the foreign policy of international affairs in order to ensure its global hegemony and leadership, especially to shoulder the heavy responsibility of the leaders of the western free world. Currently, the diplomatic idea of Neo-conservative trend of thought is the ideological basis of American foreign export democracy, unilateralism, strengthening ideological offensive and safeguarding American hegemonic status, which has profound theoretical guiding significance to the influence of American diplomacy at present.
引文
[1][英]休·塞西尔:《保守主义》,北京:商务印书馆,1986年,第3页.
[2]邢贲思:《当代世界思潮》,北京:中共中央党校出版社,2003年,第67页.
[3]英]尚塔尔·墨菲:《政治的回归》,南京:江苏人民出版社,2005年,第29页.
[4]元简.新保守派的外交思想及其在美国的影响,载《国际问题研究》1998年第2期,第19页.
[5]王联合.论美国新保守主义及其外交影响,载《现代国际关系》,2003年第4期,第36页.
[6]王公龙.保守主义与冷战后美国对华政策,上海:复旦大学,2005年,第14页.
[7]匡萃坚.当代西方政治思潮,北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005年,第210页.
[8]王联合.美国新保守主义及其对布什政府外交政策的影响,上海:复旦大学,2004年,第59页.
[9]刘澎.宗教右翼与美国政治,载《美国研究》,1997年第4期,第46页。
[10][美]詹姆斯·科斯.单极时代:美利坚帝国和伊斯兰恐怖主义,载《国外理论动态》,2003年第6期,第27页.
[2]邢贲思:《当代世界思潮》,北京:中共中央党校出版社,2003年,第67页.
[3]英]尚塔尔·墨菲:《政治的回归》,南京:江苏人民出版社,2005年,第29页.
[4]元简.新保守派的外交思想及其在美国的影响,载《国际问题研究》1998年第2期,第19页.
[5]王联合.论美国新保守主义及其外交影响,载《现代国际关系》,2003年第4期,第36页.
[6]王公龙.保守主义与冷战后美国对华政策,上海:复旦大学,2005年,第14页.
[7]匡萃坚.当代西方政治思潮,北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005年,第210页.
[8]王联合.美国新保守主义及其对布什政府外交政策的影响,上海:复旦大学,2004年,第59页.
[9]刘澎.宗教右翼与美国政治,载《美国研究》,1997年第4期,第46页。
[10][美]詹姆斯·科斯.单极时代:美利坚帝国和伊斯兰恐怖主义,载《国外理论动态》,2003年第6期,第27页.