重大自然灾害恢复重建中的府民协同合作
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摘要
重大自然灾害后的恢复重建工作对灾区经济、社会、生活秩序恢复正常至关重要。该项工作的繁重复杂性决定了仅仅依靠政府的力量是远远不够的,政府必须与企业、民间组织等协同合作,形成各得其所、优势互补的灾后恢复重建网络体系。自2008年汶川大地震开始,我国重大自然灾害恢复重建府民协同合作实践持续开展,取得了良好的效果,但也有诸多不足,主要表现为:对重大自然灾害恢复重建阶段府民协同合作缺乏明确细致的法律规定;参与灾后恢复重建的府民之间及自身内部协同合作严重不足;企业、民间组织等社会力量参与重大自然灾害恢复重建工作尚处于较低水平。为改变这一状况,应建立健全相关法规规章,为府民协同合作进行灾后恢复重建工作保驾护航;搭建起政府、企业、民间组织等协同合作从事灾后恢复重建的制度平台;通过机制创新提升企业与民间组织参与灾后恢复重建工作的积极性及效果。
The recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters is crucial to the restoration of economic,social and living order in the disaster areas.The heavy complexity of this work determines that it is far from enough to rely only on the power of the government.The government must cooperate with enterprises and civil organizations to form a network system of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction which has its own advantages and complementary advantages.Since the wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the collaborative cooperation between the government and the people in the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters has been carried out continuously,and achived good results.However,there are still many deficiencies.There is no clear and detailed legal provisions on the collaborative cooperation between government and people during the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters;there is a serious shortage of cooperation between the government and the people involved in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction;the participation of social forces such as enterprises and civil organizations in the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters is still at a low level.In order to change this situation,relevant laws and regulations should be established and improved,so as to guarantee the cooperation between the government and the people in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction;set up an institutional platform for the government,enterprises and civil organizations to cooperate;improve the enthusiasm and effectiveness of enterprises and civil organizations in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction by mechanism innovation.
The recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters is crucial to the restoration of economic,social and living order in the disaster areas.The heavy complexity of this work determines that it is far from enough to rely only on the power of the government.The government must cooperate with enterprises and civil organizations to form a network system of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction which has its own advantages and complementary advantages.Since the wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the collaborative cooperation between the government and the people in the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters has been carried out continuously,and achived good results.However,there are still many deficiencies.There is no clear and detailed legal provisions on the collaborative cooperation between government and people during the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters;there is a serious shortage of cooperation between the government and the people involved in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction;the participation of social forces such as enterprises and civil organizations in the recovery and reconstruction of major natural disasters is still at a low level.In order to change this situation,relevant laws and regulations should be established and improved,so as to guarantee the cooperation between the government and the people in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction;set up an institutional platform for the government,enterprises and civil organizations to cooperate;improve the enthusiasm and effectiveness of enterprises and civil organizations in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction by mechanism innovation.
引文
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[4]李汉卿.协同治理理论探析[EB/OL].http://www.chinareform.org.cn/gov/governance/Report/201404/t20140404_193678.htm,2014-04-04.
[5]马道明.基于五律协同理论再论社会危机应对中非政府组织的地位与作用[J].浙江学刊,2009,(5).
[6]全国人大常委会法制工作委员会.中华人民共和国突发事件应对法释义[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2007:387-404.
[7]中华人民共和国国务院.自然灾害救助条例[EB/OL].http://www.china.com.cn/policy/txt/2010-07/19/content_20522891.html,2010-07-19.
[8]文学国,范正青.中国危机管理报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2011:96.
[9]王晖,唐湘林.地方政府应对自然灾害恢复重建中存在的问题与对策研究--基于湖南若干县(市)的实证分析[J].湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2011,(5).
[10]李雪峰.我国灾后恢复重建顶层设计与政策推进[J].行政管理改革,2015,(9).
[11]刘志晖.协同社会力量参与救灾重建的雅安实践[J].中小企业管理与科技,2016,(3).