基于Q方法的漳州古城居民旅游感知及其形成机理研究
|
摘要
以漳州古城为例,采用Q方法,通过居民对Q命题的排序对古城旅游的感知进行主观评价,分析了居民的旅游感知类型.研究结果表明:漳州古城居民对当地的旅游发展存在正面和负面的双重感知;具体感知维度可以分为:"环境意识增加与经济如故型""社会失序与原真性削弱型""发展不均与经济获益型""文化传承与思想更新型"和"地方认同与成本增加型";整体上积极感知强于消极感知.由地方旅游引起的负面感知不断增强,因此,根据社会表征理论,分别从直接经验、社会互动以及媒体影响3个方面来探究居民旅游影响感知的形成机理,并据此提出相关的建议.
It is of great significance for promoting sustainable development of ancient city tourism to study the perception of tourism development of the local residents and its formation mechanism.In this paper,the ancient city of Zhangzhou is taken as an example,the Q methodology is adopted,and the local residents are required to give their subjective evaluation of the perception of the ancient city tourism through ranking Q propositions.Based on the results,the types of residents' perception of tourism are analyzed.The results of the study indicate that the residents of the ancient city of Zhangzhou have both positive and negative perceptions of local tourism development;Specifically,the perception dimensions can be divided into five types:"environmental awareness increases and the economy remains the same","social disorder and originality weakening","unbalanced development and economic gain","cultural heritage and ideological renewal",and"local identity and increased cost".As a whole,positive perceptions are stronger than negative perceptions but the negative perceptions caused by local tourism continue to increase.Therefore,according to the theory of social representation,the formation mechanism of residents' tourism perception is explored from three aspects:direct experience,social interaction,and media influence,and relevant suggestions are offered accordingly.
It is of great significance for promoting sustainable development of ancient city tourism to study the perception of tourism development of the local residents and its formation mechanism.In this paper,the ancient city of Zhangzhou is taken as an example,the Q methodology is adopted,and the local residents are required to give their subjective evaluation of the perception of the ancient city tourism through ranking Q propositions.Based on the results,the types of residents' perception of tourism are analyzed.The results of the study indicate that the residents of the ancient city of Zhangzhou have both positive and negative perceptions of local tourism development;Specifically,the perception dimensions can be divided into five types:"environmental awareness increases and the economy remains the same","social disorder and originality weakening","unbalanced development and economic gain","cultural heritage and ideological renewal",and"local identity and increased cost".As a whole,positive perceptions are stronger than negative perceptions but the negative perceptions caused by local tourism continue to increase.Therefore,according to the theory of social representation,the formation mechanism of residents' tourism perception is explored from three aspects:direct experience,social interaction,and media influence,and relevant suggestions are offered accordingly.
引文
[1]闻飞,王娟.徽州古城居民对旅游影响的感知与态度[J].池州学院学报,2012,26(3):80-82.
[2]卢春天,石金莲.旅游地居民感知和态度研究现状与展望[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(11):32-43.
[3]李有根.居民对旅游影响的知觉[J].心理学动态,1997,5(2):21-27.
[4] AP J.Residents'Perceptions on Tourism Impacts[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1992,19(4):665-690.
[5] HARRILL R.Residents'Attitude Toward Tourism Development:A Literature Review with Implications for Tourism Planning[J].Journal of Planning Literature,2004,18(1):251-266.
[6] WEAVER D B,LAWTON L J.Resident Perceptions of a Contentious Tourism Event[J].Tourism Management,2013,37(3):165-175.
[7] AP J,CROMPTON J L.Developing and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale[J].Journal of Travel Research,1998,37(2):120-130.
[8]谌永生,王乃昂,范娟娟,等.敦煌市居民旅游感知及态度研究[J].人文地理,2005,20(2):66-71.
[9]宋子千,宋瑞.古村镇旅游开发效果评价:居民感知、专家意见及其对比[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(5):56-60.
[10]庄晓平,朱竑,邓素球.居民旅游感知实证比较研究之制度伦理分析-以世界遗产地开平碉楼与村落为例[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(3):18-26.
[11]周凤华,王敬尧.Q方法论:一座沟通定量研究与定性研究的桥梁[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,59(3):401-406.
[12]王敏,王茜.基于Q方法的城市公园生态服务使用者感知研究——以上海黄兴公园为例[J].中国园林,2016,32(12):97-102.
[13]于曦颖,陈云林.Q方法论探析[J].自然辩证法通讯,2010,32(5):15-20.
[14]SCHLINGER M J.Cues on Q-Technique[J].Journal of Advertising Research,1969,9(3):53-60.
[15]吴丽敏,黄震方,谈志娟,等.江南文化古镇居民旅游影响感知及其形成机理——以同里为例[J].人文地理,2015,30(4):143-148.
[16]彭建,王剑.旅游研究中的三种社会心理学视角之比较[J].旅游科学,2012,26(2):1-9.
[17]孙九霞,刘国果.广州居民对亚运会影响的社会表征研究[J].旅游论坛,2012,5(3):75-79.
[18]应天煜.浅议社会表象理论(Social Representation Theory)在旅游学研究中的应用[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(1):87-92.
[19]秦远好,马亚菊,刘德秀.民族贫困地区居民的旅游扶贫影响感知研究——以重庆石柱县黄水镇为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(8):74-82.
[20]秦远好,刘德秀,秦翰,等.基于镇域视角的连片特困区旅游扶贫与生态保护耦合态势比较研究——以重庆武隆县仙女山镇和石柱县黄水镇为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(10):79-89.
[21]李霄鹤.地域文化景观在森林公园规划设计中的运用——以台湾阿里山国家森林游乐区为例[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):219-224.
[22]庄晨薇,李霄鹤.闽北地区传统村落人文景观的分析与评价[J].福建农林大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,19(2):25-29.
[2]卢春天,石金莲.旅游地居民感知和态度研究现状与展望[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(11):32-43.
[3]李有根.居民对旅游影响的知觉[J].心理学动态,1997,5(2):21-27.
[4] AP J.Residents'Perceptions on Tourism Impacts[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1992,19(4):665-690.
[5] HARRILL R.Residents'Attitude Toward Tourism Development:A Literature Review with Implications for Tourism Planning[J].Journal of Planning Literature,2004,18(1):251-266.
[6] WEAVER D B,LAWTON L J.Resident Perceptions of a Contentious Tourism Event[J].Tourism Management,2013,37(3):165-175.
[7] AP J,CROMPTON J L.Developing and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale[J].Journal of Travel Research,1998,37(2):120-130.
[8]谌永生,王乃昂,范娟娟,等.敦煌市居民旅游感知及态度研究[J].人文地理,2005,20(2):66-71.
[9]宋子千,宋瑞.古村镇旅游开发效果评价:居民感知、专家意见及其对比[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(5):56-60.
[10]庄晓平,朱竑,邓素球.居民旅游感知实证比较研究之制度伦理分析-以世界遗产地开平碉楼与村落为例[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(3):18-26.
[11]周凤华,王敬尧.Q方法论:一座沟通定量研究与定性研究的桥梁[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,59(3):401-406.
[12]王敏,王茜.基于Q方法的城市公园生态服务使用者感知研究——以上海黄兴公园为例[J].中国园林,2016,32(12):97-102.
[13]于曦颖,陈云林.Q方法论探析[J].自然辩证法通讯,2010,32(5):15-20.
[14]SCHLINGER M J.Cues on Q-Technique[J].Journal of Advertising Research,1969,9(3):53-60.
[15]吴丽敏,黄震方,谈志娟,等.江南文化古镇居民旅游影响感知及其形成机理——以同里为例[J].人文地理,2015,30(4):143-148.
[16]彭建,王剑.旅游研究中的三种社会心理学视角之比较[J].旅游科学,2012,26(2):1-9.
[17]孙九霞,刘国果.广州居民对亚运会影响的社会表征研究[J].旅游论坛,2012,5(3):75-79.
[18]应天煜.浅议社会表象理论(Social Representation Theory)在旅游学研究中的应用[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(1):87-92.
[19]秦远好,马亚菊,刘德秀.民族贫困地区居民的旅游扶贫影响感知研究——以重庆石柱县黄水镇为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(8):74-82.
[20]秦远好,刘德秀,秦翰,等.基于镇域视角的连片特困区旅游扶贫与生态保护耦合态势比较研究——以重庆武隆县仙女山镇和石柱县黄水镇为例[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(10):79-89.
[21]李霄鹤.地域文化景观在森林公园规划设计中的运用——以台湾阿里山国家森林游乐区为例[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):219-224.
[22]庄晨薇,李霄鹤.闽北地区传统村落人文景观的分析与评价[J].福建农林大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,19(2):25-29.