压煤区开采规模与水土资源承载力协调性分析
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摘要
压煤区资源利用的协调性是衡量综合承载力水平的基础。【目的】通过研究泽州县压煤区煤炭开采规模与水土资源承载力的协调变化趋势,可以制定相应发展对策实现资源协调利用。【方法】首先基于煤炭开采与水土资源承载力的自然耦合关系,在资源同步利用模式下分析煤炭开采对水土资源的破坏;再通过建立煤-地-水资源承载力评价指标体系,定量分析了资源利用水平;构造耦合协调性模型分析其耦合程度,并运用GIS分析了其空间分布特征。【结果】研究区除2011年因采煤规模过大破坏了水土资源承载力外,其整体耦合协调度呈递增趋势;从空间分布来看3个分区几乎相间分布,结合各分区空间分布特征提出以下发展对策:(1)低度协调的一区主要分布于研究区的边界,采煤规模过小,应发挥土地资源承载力的优势,开发利用采矿用地以平衡煤炭产业的需求,提高耦合协调度;(2)高度协调的三区主要分布于矿区,目前采煤规模合理,对于丰富的水资源应注意涵养水源、节约利用、减少水污染;(3)比例最大为53%的二区沿长河河道分布,中度协调、采煤规模过大,应当在资源承载力范围内合理规划煤炭开采规模,使三者并重发展和谐统一。【结论】研究区煤炭开采规模与其水土资源承载力水平的变动渐渐从有无序走向有序,三者发展逐步协调;而结合各协调性分区的空间分布特征提出的发展对策,在资源开发利用之外也考虑到了协调性发展的前提,可为将来可持续发展作出科学性保障。
The coordination of resource utilization in coal mining area is the basis for measuring the level of comprehensive carrying capacity.【Objective】By studying the coordinated change trend of coal mining scale and water and land resources carrying capacity in Zezhou coal mining area,we can formulate corresponding countermeasures to achieve coordinated utilization of resources.【Method】First of all,based on the natural coupling relationship between coal mining and water and land resources carrying capacity,the paper analyzed the damage of coal mining to water and land resources under the mode of synchronous utilization of resources; and then through the establishment of coal-land-water resources carrying capacity evaluation index system,quantitative analysis of resource utilization level; the structure coupling coordination model was used to analyze the coupling degree and the spatial distribution characteristics are analyzed by GIS.【Result】Time series results showed that in addition to the large scale of coal mining in 2011,the water and land resources carrying capacity was destroyed,the overall coordination degree presented an increasing trend.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the three zones were distributed almost in the same phase.By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of coordination subarea,the following countermeasures were put forward:(1)The low coordination 1 zone contains 47 administrative villages,mainly distributed the border of the study area with small coal mining scale,the advantages of land resources carrying capacity should be brought into play,and the exploitation and utilization of mining land would be used to balance the needs of the coal industry and improve the coupling coordination degree;(2)The highly coordinated 3 zone was mainly located in the mining area,its coal mining scale was reasonable at present.For the rich water resources,we should pay attention to conserving water resources,saving water and reducing water pollution;(3)The moderate proportion of the 2 zone with the largest proportion was 53%,and the scale of coal mining was too large.The scale of coal mining should be rationally planned within the range of the carrying capacity of the resources,so as to make the three parties pay equal attention to each other and develop a harmonious and unified one.【Conclusion】The change of coal mining scale and its water and land resources carrying capacity gradually changes from disorder to order,and the three development is gradually coordinated.The development counter measures,based on the coordination and the partition of the space distribution characteristics,considered the resources development and utilization of the coordination development,can provide a scientific guarantee for sustainable development.
The coordination of resource utilization in coal mining area is the basis for measuring the level of comprehensive carrying capacity.【Objective】By studying the coordinated change trend of coal mining scale and water and land resources carrying capacity in Zezhou coal mining area,we can formulate corresponding countermeasures to achieve coordinated utilization of resources.【Method】First of all,based on the natural coupling relationship between coal mining and water and land resources carrying capacity,the paper analyzed the damage of coal mining to water and land resources under the mode of synchronous utilization of resources; and then through the establishment of coal-land-water resources carrying capacity evaluation index system,quantitative analysis of resource utilization level; the structure coupling coordination model was used to analyze the coupling degree and the spatial distribution characteristics are analyzed by GIS.【Result】Time series results showed that in addition to the large scale of coal mining in 2011,the water and land resources carrying capacity was destroyed,the overall coordination degree presented an increasing trend.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the three zones were distributed almost in the same phase.By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of coordination subarea,the following countermeasures were put forward:(1)The low coordination 1 zone contains 47 administrative villages,mainly distributed the border of the study area with small coal mining scale,the advantages of land resources carrying capacity should be brought into play,and the exploitation and utilization of mining land would be used to balance the needs of the coal industry and improve the coupling coordination degree;(2)The highly coordinated 3 zone was mainly located in the mining area,its coal mining scale was reasonable at present.For the rich water resources,we should pay attention to conserving water resources,saving water and reducing water pollution;(3)The moderate proportion of the 2 zone with the largest proportion was 53%,and the scale of coal mining was too large.The scale of coal mining should be rationally planned within the range of the carrying capacity of the resources,so as to make the three parties pay equal attention to each other and develop a harmonious and unified one.【Conclusion】The change of coal mining scale and its water and land resources carrying capacity gradually changes from disorder to order,and the three development is gradually coordinated.The development counter measures,based on the coordination and the partition of the space distribution characteristics,considered the resources development and utilization of the coordination development,can provide a scientific guarantee for sustainable development.
引文
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[8]南彩艳,粟晓玲,佟玲,等.关中地区水土资源承载力复合指标体系及综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):164-172.
[9]陈传美,郑垂勇,马彩霞.郑州市土地承载力系统动力学研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),1999,27(1):53-56.
[10]于广华,孙才志.环渤海沿海地区土地承载力时空分异特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4 860-4 870.
[11]张凤太,苏维词.贵州省水资源-经济-生态环境-社会系统耦合协调演化特征研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2015,34(6):44-49.
[12]吕添贵,吴次芳,李冠,等.基于TOPSIS法的赣江水源区城市发展与水资源环境协调性评价[J].资源与产业,2014,16(4):83-89.
[13]陈红梅,李青,田宝龙.干旱区城镇化与水资源承载力协调性分析——以国家级经济开发区喀什为例[J].资源开发与市场,2015,31(5):573-577.
[14]文俊,吴开亚,金菊良,等.基于信息熵的农村饮水安全评价组合权重模型[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,25(4):43-47.
[2]娄华军,庄健鸿.煤矿开采区水、土地与煤炭资源同步利用模式研究[J].资源科学,2007,29(5):90-96.
[3]刘艳军,张婧,王颖.东北地区开发规模扩张的资源环境响应演变及影响因素[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(5):126-132.
[4]张金锁,王喜莲.煤炭开采规模的影响因素及模型研究[J].能源技术与管理,2007(5):68-71.
[5]WILLIAM D.SCHULZE.The Optimal Use of Non-Renewable Resources:The Theory of Extraction[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1974(1):53-73.
[6]孙琦,白中科,曹银贵,等.特大型露天煤矿土地损毁生态风险评价[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(17):278-288.
[7]邓红霞,李存军,朱兵,等.基于集对分析法的生态承载能力综合评价方法[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(6):35-38.
[8]南彩艳,粟晓玲,佟玲,等.关中地区水土资源承载力复合指标体系及综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):164-172.
[9]陈传美,郑垂勇,马彩霞.郑州市土地承载力系统动力学研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),1999,27(1):53-56.
[10]于广华,孙才志.环渤海沿海地区土地承载力时空分异特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4 860-4 870.
[11]张凤太,苏维词.贵州省水资源-经济-生态环境-社会系统耦合协调演化特征研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2015,34(6):44-49.
[12]吕添贵,吴次芳,李冠,等.基于TOPSIS法的赣江水源区城市发展与水资源环境协调性评价[J].资源与产业,2014,16(4):83-89.
[13]陈红梅,李青,田宝龙.干旱区城镇化与水资源承载力协调性分析——以国家级经济开发区喀什为例[J].资源开发与市场,2015,31(5):573-577.
[14]文俊,吴开亚,金菊良,等.基于信息熵的农村饮水安全评价组合权重模型[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,25(4):43-47.