调谐式磁性液体减振器固有晃动频率分析与实验研究
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摘要
根据磁性液体的超顺磁特性,提出了一种调谐式磁性液体减振器。该减振器由非磁性液缸、电磁线圈和磁性液体构成,通过电磁线圈施加外部磁场,改变非磁性液缸内磁性液体的固有晃动频率,使其能在较宽的频率范围内达到最佳减振效果。根据磁性液体的伯努利方程和连续性方程得到磁性液体固有晃动频率的表达式。实验验证了该减振器在不施加外部磁场时相当于传统调谐液体阻尼器,当外部振动频率变化时,可以改变外加磁场使得减振器的减振效果不会随着外部振动频率的变化而降低。同时还发现,外加磁场不仅能通过改变频率来增强减振效果,较大的磁场也会使得减振效果略有提升。
A tuned magnetic liquid damper is proposed according to the superparamagnetic property of the magnetic fluid.This damper is composed of a non-magnetic fluid cylinder,an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic fluid.By using the external magnetic field through the electromagnetic coil,the intrinsic sloshing frequency of the magnetic fluid in the non-magnetic fluid cylinder can be changed to achieve the best vibration reduction effect in a wide frequency range.The experiment shows that the damper is equivalent to the traditional tuned liquid damper without the external magnetic field.When the external vibration frequency changes,the external magnetic field can be changed so that the damping effect of the damper does not decrease with the change of external vibration frequency.It is also found that the external magnetic field can not only enhance the damping effect by changing the frequency,but also make the damping effect slightly improved by the larger magnetic field.
A tuned magnetic liquid damper is proposed according to the superparamagnetic property of the magnetic fluid.This damper is composed of a non-magnetic fluid cylinder,an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic fluid.By using the external magnetic field through the electromagnetic coil,the intrinsic sloshing frequency of the magnetic fluid in the non-magnetic fluid cylinder can be changed to achieve the best vibration reduction effect in a wide frequency range.The experiment shows that the damper is equivalent to the traditional tuned liquid damper without the external magnetic field.When the external vibration frequency changes,the external magnetic field can be changed so that the damping effect of the damper does not decrease with the change of external vibration frequency.It is also found that the external magnetic field can not only enhance the damping effect by changing the frequency,but also make the damping effect slightly improved by the larger magnetic field.
引文
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[19]杨文荣,王强,秦佳峰,等.基于磁性液体的减振技术研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊1):96-99.
[20]梁启智,熊俊明,黄庆辉.调谐液体阻尼器对高层建筑和高耸结构动力反应控制研究综述[J].世界地震工程,2002,18(1):123-128.
[2]张芮,翁大根,黄斐骏,等.高层建筑设置黏滞阻尼器减振探讨[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014(增刊1):841-848.
[3] HAOXIANG H E,TENGFEI G E,MAOLIN C O N G.采用万向支架陀螺仪的高耸结构减振控制研究[J].Issue:24,2012,31(24):26-29.
[4]霍林生,李宏男.半主动变刚度TLCD减振控制的研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(10):157-164.
[5]孔令仓,李立,王泽军,等.调谐液体阻尼器对高层结构抗震性能的影响分析[J].建筑结构,2015(10):193-200.
[6]陈鑫,李爱群,王泳,等.高耸钢烟囱环形TLD减振试验与数值模拟[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(1):37-43.
[7] ZHANG Z,STAINO A,BASU B,et al.Performance evaluation of full-scale tuned liquid dampers(TLDs)for vibration control of large wind turbines using real-time hybrid testing[J].Engineering Structures,2016,126:417-431.
[8]钟振宇,楼文娟.设置非等截面TLCD高层建筑在风荷载作用下减振分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2013,47(6):1081-1087.
[9] YAO J,CHANG J,LI D,et al.The dynamics analysis of a ferrofluid shock absorber[J].Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2016,402:28-33.
[10]李德才.磁性液体理论及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[11]刘雪莉,杨庆新,杨文荣.磁性液体微压差传感器动态建模研究[J].电工技术学报,2015(增刊1):7-12.
[12]谢君,李德才,邢延思.新型磁性液体微压差传感器的设计及耐压分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2015,36(9):2005-2012.
[13]OHNO K,SHIMODA M,SAWADA T.Optimal design of a tuned liquid damper using a magnetic fluid with one electromagnet[J].J Phys Condens Matter,2008,20(20):204146.
[14]丁一,李德才,王庆雷.磁性液体阻尼减振器的设计与实验研究[J].载人航天,2013,19(1):77-79.
[15]ROSENSWEIG R E.The fascinating magnetic fluids[J].New Scientist,1966,20:146-148.
[16]BASHTOVOI V,LAVROVA O,MITKOVA T,et al.Flow and energy dissipation in a magnetic fluid drop around a permanent magnet[J].Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2005,289:207-210.
[17]BASHTOVOI V G,KABACHNIKOV D N,KOLOBOV A Y,et al.Research of the dynamics of a magnetic fluid dynamic absorber[J].Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2002,252(1):312-314.
[18]YANG X,YANG Q,YANG W,et al.Magnetic field analysis and optimum design of adjustable magnetic liquid damper[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.2017:1-5.
[19]杨文荣,王强,秦佳峰,等.基于磁性液体的减振技术研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊1):96-99.
[20]梁启智,熊俊明,黄庆辉.调谐液体阻尼器对高层建筑和高耸结构动力反应控制研究综述[J].世界地震工程,2002,18(1):123-128.