准噶尔盆地白家海凸起的石炭系地质结构与成因模型
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摘要
利用最新探井、高分辨率地震、年代学资料、古生物资料,并结合盆地周边露头资料等,通过地震剖面精细解释,削蚀、超覆尖灭点追踪识别及平衡剖面技术等,对白家海凸起的地质结构、演化和成因模型进行了综合分析,并取得以下4点认识:(1)白家海凸起纵向上发育深、浅两套断裂系统,深层断裂由一系列倾向相同的正断层组成,控制了石炭纪断陷的发育,断陷主要呈北东和北北东两个方向展布,白家海凸起地质结构整体呈现出"纵向分层、横向分带"的特点;(2)白家海凸起的构造演化可分为6个阶段,分别是(1)早石炭世"坳-断-坳"旋回、(2)晚石炭世"坳-断-坳"旋回、(3)早—中二叠世的挤压反转阶段、(4)晚二叠世—中侏罗世西山窑组沉积期的稳定埋藏阶段、(5)中侏罗世头屯河组沉积期—晚侏罗世的改造阶段、(6)白垩纪—现今的调整、定型阶段;(3)早石炭世末期和晚石炭世末期各发生一次构造挤压活动,形成了两个区域性不整合;(4)北天山洋俯冲过程中的板片后撤作用(roll-back),可能是白家海凸起石炭纪断陷发育的深部动力学机制。
In this study,we carried out a comprehensive study on the geostructure,petrogenesis and evolution of the Baijiahai uplift using the latest drilling and high-resolution seismic,chronological and paleontological data in combination with basin's outcrop data.Through detailed interpretation of seismic profiles,truncation and overlap tracking as well as balanced section technology,we obtained the following four main results:(1)The Baijiahai uplift develops upward deep and shallow fault systems,where the deep fault system consists of a series of normal faults with the same trend,controlling the development of the Carboniferous fault depression mainly in the NE-and NNE-directions.The overall geological structure of the Baijiahai uplift shows a"vertical layering,horizontal zoning"characteristics.(2)The tectonic evolution in the Baijiahai area can be divided into six stages:i)Early Carboniferous"depression-fault depressiondepression"cycle;ii)Late Carboniferous"depression-fault depression-depression"cycle;iii)EarlyMiddle Permian compression and reversal tectonic;iv)Permian-Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation depositional period stable burial;v)Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation sedimentary period to Late Jurassic transformation;and vi)Cretaceous to present adjustment and setting.(3)Two structural tectonic events occurred at the end of the Early Carboniferous and Late Carboniferous,respectively,resulting in two regional unconformities.(4)The Carboniferous fault depression is an arc-related fault depression,where the"roll-back"effect from the northern Tianshan Ocean subduction process created a tensional environment inside the arc,thus providing apossible deep dynamic mechanism for the development of fault depression herein.
In this study,we carried out a comprehensive study on the geostructure,petrogenesis and evolution of the Baijiahai uplift using the latest drilling and high-resolution seismic,chronological and paleontological data in combination with basin's outcrop data.Through detailed interpretation of seismic profiles,truncation and overlap tracking as well as balanced section technology,we obtained the following four main results:(1)The Baijiahai uplift develops upward deep and shallow fault systems,where the deep fault system consists of a series of normal faults with the same trend,controlling the development of the Carboniferous fault depression mainly in the NE-and NNE-directions.The overall geological structure of the Baijiahai uplift shows a"vertical layering,horizontal zoning"characteristics.(2)The tectonic evolution in the Baijiahai area can be divided into six stages:i)Early Carboniferous"depression-fault depressiondepression"cycle;ii)Late Carboniferous"depression-fault depression-depression"cycle;iii)EarlyMiddle Permian compression and reversal tectonic;iv)Permian-Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation depositional period stable burial;v)Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation sedimentary period to Late Jurassic transformation;and vi)Cretaceous to present adjustment and setting.(3)Two structural tectonic events occurred at the end of the Early Carboniferous and Late Carboniferous,respectively,resulting in two regional unconformities.(4)The Carboniferous fault depression is an arc-related fault depression,where the"roll-back"effect from the northern Tianshan Ocean subduction process created a tensional environment inside the arc,thus providing apossible deep dynamic mechanism for the development of fault depression herein.
引文
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[36]唐勇,王刚,郑孟林,等.新疆北部石炭纪盆地构造演化与油气成藏[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):241-253.
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[2]贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:1-425.
[3]张朝军,何登发,吴晓智,等.准噶尔多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(1):47-58.
[4]何登发,马永生,蔡勋育,等.中国西部海相盆地地质结构控制油气分布的比较研究[J].岩石学报,2017,33(4):1037-1057.
[5]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257-271.
[6]赵文智,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国陆上东、西部地区火山岩成藏比较研究与意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):1-11.
[7]余淳梅,郑建平,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地五彩湾凹陷基底火山岩储集性能及影响因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(3):303-308.
[8]匡立春,吕焕通,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地天然气勘探实践与克拉美丽气田的发现[J].天然气工业,2010,30(2):1-6.
[9]王淑芳,邹才能,侯连华,等.准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩气藏石油地质特征及有利勘探方向分析[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):226-236.
[10]胡平,石新璞,徐怀保,等.白家海-五彩湾地区天然气成藏特征[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):29-32.
[11]隋风贵.准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系[J].地质学报,2015,89(4):779-793.
[12]肖芳锋,侯贵廷,王延欣,等.准噶尔盆地及周缘二叠纪以来构造应力场解析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(2):224-230.
[13]何登发,翟光明,况军,等.准噶尔盆地古隆起的分布与基本特征[J].地质科学,2005,40(2):248-261.
[14]YANG X,HE D,WANG Q,et al.Provenance and tectonic setting of the Carboniferous sedimentary rocks of the East Junggar Basin,China:evidence from geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22(2):567-584.
[15]陈发景,汪新文,汪新伟.准噶尔盆地的原型和构造演化[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):77-89.
[16]LI D,HE D,SANTOSH M,et al.Tectonic framework of the northern Junggar Basin part I:the eastern Luliang uplift and its link with the East Junggar terrane[J].Gondwana Research,2015,27(3):1089-1109.
[17]YANG X,HE D,WANG Q,et al.Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Carboniferous arc-related basin in the East Junggar Basin,Northwest China:insights into its link with the subduction process[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22(3/4):1030-1046.
[18]李涤.准噶尔盆地及邻区石炭纪构造格架与沉积充填演化[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016:1-244.
[19]方世虎,贾承造,郭召杰,等.准噶尔盆地二叠纪盆地属性的再认识及其构造意义[J].地学前缘,2006,80(3):108-121.
[20]何登发,陈新发,况军,等.准噶尔盆地车排子-莫索湾古隆起的形成演化与成因机制[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):42-55.
[21]方世虎,郭召杰,吴朝东,等.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(2):196-209.
[22]马宗晋,曲国胜,李涛,等.准噶尔盆地盆山构造耦合与分段性[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(3):271-277.
[23]吴孔友,查明,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地构造演化与动力学背景再认识[J].地球学报,2005,26(3):217-222.
[24]李锦轶,肖序常,陈文.准噶尔盆地东部的前晚奥陶世陆壳基底:来自盆地东北缘老君庙变质岩的证据[J].中国区域地质,2000,19(3):297-302.
[25]李亚萍,李锦轶,孙桂华,等.准噶尔盆地基底的探讨:来自原泥盆纪卡拉麦里组砂岩碎屑锆石的证据[J].岩石学报,2007,23(7):1577-1590.
[26]赵俊猛,黄英,马宗晋,等.准噶尔盆地北部基底结构与属性问题探讨[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1767-1775.
[27]SU Y,ZHENG J,GRIFFIN W L,et al.Geochemistry and geochronology of Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the eastern Junggar terrane,NW China:implication for a tectonic transition[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22(3/4):1009-1029.
[28]XIAO Y,ZHANG H,SHI J.Late Paleozoic magmatic record of East Junggar,NW China and its significance:implication from zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope[J].Gondwana Research,2011,20(2/3):532-542.
[29]XU Q Q,JI J Q,ZHAO L,et al.Tectonic evolution and continental crust growth of Northern Xinjiang in northwestern China:remnant ocean model[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2013,126(11):178-205.
[30]李涤,何登发,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起早石炭世火山岩的成因及其对克拉美丽洋闭合时限的约束[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2340-2354.
[31]况军.地体拼贴与准噶尔盆地的形成演化[J].新疆石油地质,1993,14(2):126-132.
[32]郑建平,王方正,成中梅,等.拼合的准噶尔盆地基底:基底火山岩Sr-Nd同位素证据[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2000,25(2):179-185.
[33]王富明,廖群安,樊光明,等.新疆东准噶尔滴水泉一带早石炭世火山岩年龄及地球化学特征[J].地质通报,2013,32(10):1584-1595.
[34]李锦轶,肖序常,汤耀庆,等.新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区古板块构造研究的新进展[J].科学通报,1988,33(10):762-764.
[35]何登发,周路,吴晓智.准噶尔盆地古隆起形成演化与油气聚集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:104-110.
[36]唐勇,王刚,郑孟林,等.新疆北部石炭纪盆地构造演化与油气成藏[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):241-253.
[37]CHOULET F,FAURE M,CLUZEL D,et al.From oblique accretion to transpression in the evolution of the Altaid collage:new insights from West Junggar,northwestern China[J].Gondwana Research,2012,21(2/3):530-547.
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