我国区域创新人才政策对比研究——基于政策工具和“系统失灵”视角的内容分析
|
摘要
为分析我国区域创新人才政策的现状和存在问题,探究人才政策对区域创新的作用规律,选取深圳市、苏州市和沈阳市的创新人才政策文本,基于基本政策工具和"系统失灵"两个视角,通过系统化的内容分析和统计,并与3个城市的人才发展与区域创新现状进行对照分析,探索区域创新人才政策与人才发展、区域创新之间的关联。研究发现创新人才政策的总量、政策工具的类别与组合、人才多样性、机构多样性以及系统互动度等指标与区域人才发展、区域创新绩效密切相关。
The aim of this paper is to explore the role of innovative personnel policies in regional innovation by analyzing the current situation and existing problems of these policies. We analyze and carry out statistics of regional innovative personnel policies of Shenzhen, Suzhou and Shenyang based on policy tools and "system failure". On this basis, we also make a systematical contrastive analysis between regional innovative personnel policies and the level of local talents development and regional innovation of three cities. The results show that the total number of innovative personnel policies, the types and combination of policy tools, the diversity of talents, the diversity of institutions and the degree of system interaction are closely related to regional talent development and regional innovation performance.
The aim of this paper is to explore the role of innovative personnel policies in regional innovation by analyzing the current situation and existing problems of these policies. We analyze and carry out statistics of regional innovative personnel policies of Shenzhen, Suzhou and Shenyang based on policy tools and "system failure". On this basis, we also make a systematical contrastive analysis between regional innovative personnel policies and the level of local talents development and regional innovation of three cities. The results show that the total number of innovative personnel policies, the types and combination of policy tools, the diversity of talents, the diversity of institutions and the degree of system interaction are closely related to regional talent development and regional innovation performance.
引文
[1]黄乾.区域创新系统中的政府角色定位 [J].理论参考,2005(9):22-25.
[2]顾承卫.新时期我国地方引进海外科技人才政策分析 [J].科研管理,2015(s1):272-278.
[3]张韵君.政策工具视角的中小企业技术创新政策分析 [J].中国行政管理,2012(4):43-47.
[4]ROTHWELL R.Innovation and re‐innovation:a role for the user [J].Journal of Marketing Management,1986(2):109-123.
[5]张雅娴,苏竣.技术创新政策工具及其在我国软件产业中的应用 [J].科研管理,2001(22):65-72.
[6]ROTHWELL R,ZEGVELD W.Reindustrialization and technology [M].London:ME Sharpe,1985.
[7]VON HIPPEL E.Cooperation between rivals:informal know-how trading[J].Research Policy,1987,16(6):291-302.
[8]余志良,谢洪明.技术创新政策理论的研究评述 [J].科学管理研究,2003(21):32-37.
[9]赵筱媛,苏竣.基于政策工具的公共科技政策分析框架研究 [J].科学学研究,2007(25):52-56.
[10]宁甜甜,张再生.基于政策工具视角的我国人才政策分析 [J].中国行政管理,2014(4):82-86.
[11]徐媛媛,严强.公共政策工具的类型,功能,选择与组合:以我国城市房屋拆迁政策为例 [J].南京社会科学,2011(12):73-79.
[12]PCAST.Sustaining the nation’s innovation ecosystem:maintaining the strength of our science & engineering capabilities[R].Washington:The USA Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,2004 :4-9.
[13]曾国屏,苟尤钊,刘磊.从 “创新系统” 到 “创新生态系统” [J].科学学研究,2013(31):4-12.
[14]WOOLTHUIS R K,LANKHUIZEN M,GILSING V.A system failure framework for innovation policy design [J].Technovation,2005,25:609-619.
[15]COOKE P,URANGA M G,ETXEBARRIA G.Regional innovation systems:institutional and organisational dimensions [J].Research policy,1997,26:475-491.
[16]SVARE H,GAUSDAL A H.Strengthening regional innovation through network-based innovation brokering [J].Entrepreneurship & Regional Development,2015,27:619-643.
[17]SAXENIAN A.Regional advantage:culture and competition in silicon valley and route 128 [M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1994.
[18]刘波,李萌,李晓轩.30年来我国科技人才政策回顾 [J].中国科技论坛,2008(11):3-7.
[19]李锡元,陈俊伟.国家级高新区人才政策效能评估:以武汉光谷,北京中关村,苏州工业园为例[J].科技和产业,2014(14):114-120.
[20]万玺.海归科技人才创业政策吸引度,满意度与忠诚度 [J].科学学与科学技术管理,2013,34:165-173.
[21]张再生,牛晓东.基于DEA模型的人才政策绩效评价研究:以天津市人才政策文件为例 [J].管理现代化,2015,35:73-75.
[22]黄萃,苏竣,施丽萍,等.政策工具视角的中国风能政策文本量化研究 [J].科学学研究,2011(6):876-882.
[23]李燕萍,吴绍棠,郜斐,等.改革开放以来我国科研经费管理政策的变迁,评介与走向:基于政策文本的内容分析 [J].科学学研究,2009,27:1441-1447.
[24]ROTHWELL R.Government innovation policy:some past problems and recent trends [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,1982,22:3-30.
[2]顾承卫.新时期我国地方引进海外科技人才政策分析 [J].科研管理,2015(s1):272-278.
[3]张韵君.政策工具视角的中小企业技术创新政策分析 [J].中国行政管理,2012(4):43-47.
[4]ROTHWELL R.Innovation and re‐innovation:a role for the user [J].Journal of Marketing Management,1986(2):109-123.
[5]张雅娴,苏竣.技术创新政策工具及其在我国软件产业中的应用 [J].科研管理,2001(22):65-72.
[6]ROTHWELL R,ZEGVELD W.Reindustrialization and technology [M].London:ME Sharpe,1985.
[7]VON HIPPEL E.Cooperation between rivals:informal know-how trading[J].Research Policy,1987,16(6):291-302.
[8]余志良,谢洪明.技术创新政策理论的研究评述 [J].科学管理研究,2003(21):32-37.
[9]赵筱媛,苏竣.基于政策工具的公共科技政策分析框架研究 [J].科学学研究,2007(25):52-56.
[10]宁甜甜,张再生.基于政策工具视角的我国人才政策分析 [J].中国行政管理,2014(4):82-86.
[11]徐媛媛,严强.公共政策工具的类型,功能,选择与组合:以我国城市房屋拆迁政策为例 [J].南京社会科学,2011(12):73-79.
[12]PCAST.Sustaining the nation’s innovation ecosystem:maintaining the strength of our science & engineering capabilities[R].Washington:The USA Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,2004 :4-9.
[13]曾国屏,苟尤钊,刘磊.从 “创新系统” 到 “创新生态系统” [J].科学学研究,2013(31):4-12.
[14]WOOLTHUIS R K,LANKHUIZEN M,GILSING V.A system failure framework for innovation policy design [J].Technovation,2005,25:609-619.
[15]COOKE P,URANGA M G,ETXEBARRIA G.Regional innovation systems:institutional and organisational dimensions [J].Research policy,1997,26:475-491.
[16]SVARE H,GAUSDAL A H.Strengthening regional innovation through network-based innovation brokering [J].Entrepreneurship & Regional Development,2015,27:619-643.
[17]SAXENIAN A.Regional advantage:culture and competition in silicon valley and route 128 [M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1994.
[18]刘波,李萌,李晓轩.30年来我国科技人才政策回顾 [J].中国科技论坛,2008(11):3-7.
[19]李锡元,陈俊伟.国家级高新区人才政策效能评估:以武汉光谷,北京中关村,苏州工业园为例[J].科技和产业,2014(14):114-120.
[20]万玺.海归科技人才创业政策吸引度,满意度与忠诚度 [J].科学学与科学技术管理,2013,34:165-173.
[21]张再生,牛晓东.基于DEA模型的人才政策绩效评价研究:以天津市人才政策文件为例 [J].管理现代化,2015,35:73-75.
[22]黄萃,苏竣,施丽萍,等.政策工具视角的中国风能政策文本量化研究 [J].科学学研究,2011(6):876-882.
[23]李燕萍,吴绍棠,郜斐,等.改革开放以来我国科研经费管理政策的变迁,评介与走向:基于政策文本的内容分析 [J].科学学研究,2009,27:1441-1447.
[24]ROTHWELL R.Government innovation policy:some past problems and recent trends [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,1982,22:3-30.