预制裂隙细砂岩裂纹扩展过程及宏观破坏模式单轴压缩试验研究
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摘要
为研究裂隙的存在对岩体破坏模式的影响,本文对含有不同几何状态的裂隙细砂岩进行了单轴压缩试验,分析了单轴压缩条件下,岩桥倾角和岩桥宽度对裂隙细砂岩试样裂纹起裂、扩展过程以及破坏模式的影响;结果表明:从整体来看,在单轴压缩条件下,裂隙细砂岩试样的破坏模式主要有拉伸破坏、剪切破坏、拉剪组合破坏3种;随着岩桥宽度的增加,裂隙细砂岩试样裂纹发育的起始位置从1条裂隙的尖端转化为2条裂隙的尖端,裂隙细砂岩试样的破坏模式由剪切破坏模式经过拉剪组合破坏模式后向拉伸破坏模式过渡;随着岩桥倾角的增加,裂隙细砂岩试样裂纹发育的起始位置从2条裂隙的尖端转化为1条裂隙的尖端,裂隙细砂岩试样的破坏模式由拉剪破坏逐渐向剪切破坏过渡;裂纹的发育和扩展在应力-应变曲线上都有所体现,应力-应变曲线的每一次波动都对应裂纹的发育或扩展;试验结果为裂隙岩体工程提供了一定的指导意义。
In order to study the effects of cracks on rock failure mode, the uniaxial compression tests are conducted on fine sandstones containing different geometrical cracks. The impacts of rock bridge width and dip angle on crack initiation, propagation process and failure mode of fractured fine sandstone specimens are analyzed. Results show that, under the uniaxial compression condition, the failure modes of fractured fine sandstone specimens mainly include tensile failure, shear failure and combined failure of above two. With the increase in rock bridge width, the crack initiation positions of fine sandstone samples change from the tip of one fracture to the tip of two fractures. Meanwhile, the failure modes of fractured specimens transform from the shear failure to combined tensile and shear failure before the tensile failure. Moreover, with the increase in rock bridge dip angle, the initial positions of fine sandstone crack development change from the tip of two fractures to the tip of one fracture. The failure modes gradually transform from tensile and shear failure to shear failure. The crack development is reflected in the stress-strain curve. Each fluctuation in stress-strain curve corresponds to the crack development. Experimental results of this study could provide certain guidance for fractured rock mass engineering.
In order to study the effects of cracks on rock failure mode, the uniaxial compression tests are conducted on fine sandstones containing different geometrical cracks. The impacts of rock bridge width and dip angle on crack initiation, propagation process and failure mode of fractured fine sandstone specimens are analyzed. Results show that, under the uniaxial compression condition, the failure modes of fractured fine sandstone specimens mainly include tensile failure, shear failure and combined failure of above two. With the increase in rock bridge width, the crack initiation positions of fine sandstone samples change from the tip of one fracture to the tip of two fractures. Meanwhile, the failure modes of fractured specimens transform from the shear failure to combined tensile and shear failure before the tensile failure. Moreover, with the increase in rock bridge dip angle, the initial positions of fine sandstone crack development change from the tip of two fractures to the tip of one fracture. The failure modes gradually transform from tensile and shear failure to shear failure. The crack development is reflected in the stress-strain curve. Each fluctuation in stress-strain curve corresponds to the crack development. Experimental results of this study could provide certain guidance for fractured rock mass engineering.
引文
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[18]谢璨,李树忱,平洋,等.峰后裂隙岩石非线性损伤特性与数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):2128-2136.XIE Can,LI Shuchen,PING Yang,et al.Study of nonlinear damage characteristics and numerical simulation of post-peak fractured rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(7):2128-2136.
[2]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.含2条断续贯通预制裂隙岩样破坏特性的三轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(12):2455-2462.XIAO Taoli,LI Xinping,JIA Shanpo.Failure characteristics of rock with two pre-existing transfixion cracks under triaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(12):2455-2462.
[3]赵程,鲍冲,田加深,等.基于应变局部化的双裂纹岩样贯通模式及强度试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(11):2309-2318.ZHAO Cheng,BAO Chong,TIAN Jiashen,et al.Experimental study of coalescence mode of cracks and strength of rock with double flaws based on strain localization[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(11):2309-2318.
[4]柯志强,王环玲,徐卫亚,等.含横向节理的柱状节理岩体力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2019,40(2):660-667.KE Zhiqiang,WANG Huanling,XU Weiya,et al.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of artificial columnar jointed rock mass containing transverse joints[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(2):660-667.
[5]秦昌安,陈国庆,郑海君,等.端部岩桥直剪破坏试验及断裂条件[J].岩土力学,2019,40(2),642-653.QIN Chang’an,CHEN Guoqing,ZHENG Haijun,et al.Failure of rock bridge at the end and fracture condition under direct shear tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(2),642-653.
[6]徐文彬,万昌兵,田喜春.温度裂隙对充填体强度耦合效应及裂纹扩展模式[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(3):612-619.XU Wenbin,WAN Changbing,TIAN Xichun.Coupling effect of temperature and fracture on the strength and crack propagation mode of backfill mass[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2018,35(3):612-619.
[7]金解放,李夕兵,王观石,等.循环冲击载荷作用下砂岩破坏模式及其机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(4):1453-1462.JIN Jiefang,LI Xibing,WANG Guanshi,et al.Failure modes and mechanisms of sandstone under cyclic impact loadings[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(4):1453-1462.
[8]宋义敏,杨小彬,杨晟萱,等.冲击载荷下岩石裂纹动态断裂参数研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(5):834-839.SONG Yimin,YANG Xiaobin,YANG Shengxuan,et al.The research of rock dynamic fracture parameter under the action of impact load[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(5):834-839.
[9]范文臣,曹平,张科.压剪作用下节理倾角对类岩石材料破坏模式的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(4):1237-1243.FAN Wenchen,CAO Ping,ZHANG Ke.Influence of joint inclination angle on failure style of rock-like material with compressive-shear[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(4):1237-1243.
[10]刘红岩,黄妤诗,李楷兵,等.预制节理岩体试件强度及破坏模式的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(5):1235-1241.LIU Hongyan,HUANG Yushi,LI Kaibing,et al.Test study of strength and failure mode of pre-existing jointed rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(5):1235-1241.
[11]杨圣奇,黄彦华,刘相如.断续双裂隙岩石抗拉强度与裂纹扩展颗粒流分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(2):220-226.YANG Shengqi,HUANG Yanhua,LIU Xiangru.Particle flow analysis on tensile strength and crack coalescence behavior of brittle rock containing two pre-existing fissures[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2014,43(2):220-226.
[12]黄彦华,杨圣奇.非共面双裂隙红砂岩宏细观力学行为颗粒流模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(8):1644-1653.HUANG Yanhua,YANG Shengqi.Particle flow simulation of macro-and meso-mechanical behavior of red sandstone containing two pre-existing non-coplanar fissures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(8):1644-1653.
[13]田文岭,杨圣奇,黄彦华.不同围压下共面双裂隙脆性砂岩裂纹演化特性颗粒流模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(6):1207-1215.TIAN Wenlin,YANG Shengqi,HUANG Yanhua.PFC2Dsimulation on crack evolution behavior of brittle sandstone containing two coplanar fissures under different confining pressures[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(6):1207-1215.
[14]SARFARAZI V,GHAZVINIAN A,SCHUBERT W,et al.Numerical simulation of the process of fracture of echelon rock joints[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2014,47(4),1355-1371.
[15]赵熙,戴涛,鞠杨,等.储层射孔压裂裂缝起裂与扩展的数值分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(3):544-550.ZHAO Xi,DAI Tao,JU Yang,et al.Numerical study on fracture initiation and propagation of reservoirs subjected to hydraulic perforating[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(3):544-550.
[16]蒋明镜,陈贺,张宁,等.含双裂隙岩石裂纹演化机理的离散元数值分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3259-3268,3288.JIANG Mingjing,CHEN He,ZHANG Ning,et al.Distinct element numerical analysis of crack evolution in rocks containing pre-existing double flaw[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3259-3268,3288.
[17]MAXIMILIANO R,VERGARA,MICHEL,et al.Numerical model for the study of the strength and failure modes of rock containing non-persistent joints[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2016,49(4),1211-1226.
[18]谢璨,李树忱,平洋,等.峰后裂隙岩石非线性损伤特性与数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):2128-2136.XIE Can,LI Shuchen,PING Yang,et al.Study of nonlinear damage characteristics and numerical simulation of post-peak fractured rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(7):2128-2136.