复采巷道过破碎顶板区钢梁支护研究
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摘要
为了解决复采巷道掘进时频繁过空巷和破碎顶板区巷道支护的难题,采用理论分析、数值计算和现场实测相结合的方法,通过分析"破碎顶板-工字钢梁"相互作用机理,建立2种梯形棚梁力学计算模型,研究了复采残采松软破碎围岩梯形棚被动支护强度确定问题;并根据梯形巷道几何参数及覆岩力学参数,计算不同棚梁跨长不同棚距下顶板压力值并与工字钢梁最大支护载荷进行比较;对复采巷道过实体煤和破碎顶板区围岩控制平面应变力学模型进行数值计算。结果表明:将梯形棚立柱和顶梁简化成简支压弯构件模型,更符合实际;当棚梁跨长为3.2 m,单梁最大允许棚距为0.7 m;巷道顶板压力小于梯形棚梁抗拉强度和屈服强度,可满足复采掘进巷道支护要求。研究为复采矿井破碎顶板工字钢梯形棚支护方案确定提供理论依据。
In order to solve the problem of development roadway supporting on frequent abandoned workings and broken roof area,the theoretical analysis,numerical calculation and field measurement are combined to analyze the interaction mechanism of "fractured roof-I-beam",two kinds of trapezoid shed beam mechanical calculation models are built,and the problem of determining the passive support strength of the trapezoidal shed of the soft-breaking surrounding rock during re-mining and residual mining is studied; and according to the geometric parameters of trapezoidal roadway and mechanics parameters of the overlying strata,the different span lengths of different sill beams are calculated.The pressure value of the lower roof is compared with the maximum supporting load of the I-beam.The numerical calculation of the plane strain mechanics model of the surrounding rock of the solid mining road and the fractured roof area is carried out.The study results showed that the trapezoidal shed column and the top beam are simplified as a compression bending composite model,which is more in line with the reality; when shed beam span is 3.2 m,the maximum allowable shed distance of the single beam is 0.7 m.The roof pressure of the roadway is less than the tensile strength and yield strength of the trapezoidal sill beam,which can meet the support requirements of the roadway for re-mining roadway. The study provides a theoretical basis for the determination of trapezoidal shed support schemes in similar complex mining.
In order to solve the problem of development roadway supporting on frequent abandoned workings and broken roof area,the theoretical analysis,numerical calculation and field measurement are combined to analyze the interaction mechanism of "fractured roof-I-beam",two kinds of trapezoid shed beam mechanical calculation models are built,and the problem of determining the passive support strength of the trapezoidal shed of the soft-breaking surrounding rock during re-mining and residual mining is studied; and according to the geometric parameters of trapezoidal roadway and mechanics parameters of the overlying strata,the different span lengths of different sill beams are calculated.The pressure value of the lower roof is compared with the maximum supporting load of the I-beam.The numerical calculation of the plane strain mechanics model of the surrounding rock of the solid mining road and the fractured roof area is carried out.The study results showed that the trapezoidal shed column and the top beam are simplified as a compression bending composite model,which is more in line with the reality; when shed beam span is 3.2 m,the maximum allowable shed distance of the single beam is 0.7 m.The roof pressure of the roadway is less than the tensile strength and yield strength of the trapezoidal sill beam,which can meet the support requirements of the roadway for re-mining roadway. The study provides a theoretical basis for the determination of trapezoidal shed support schemes in similar complex mining.
引文
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[14]洛锋,曹树刚,李国栋,等.煤层巷道围岩破断失稳演化特征和分区支护研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(3):479-487.LUO Feng,CAO Shugang,LI Guodong,et al.Evolution characteristics of fracture and instability in coal roadways and sub-regional supporting[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2017,34(3):479-487.
[15]周保精,庞义辉.综放工作面过小煤矿采空区充填复采技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(S1):89-92.ZHOU Baojin,PANG Yihui. Filling and re-mining technology of fully mechanized top-coal caving face through goaf of small coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(S1):89-92.
[16]王平虎,陕建龙.晋城矿区残留煤复采工作面顶板及煤柱稳定性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(8):37-41,59.WANG Pinghu,SHAN Jianlong. Study on stability of roof and pillar of residual coal mining face in Jincheng mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(8):37-41,59.
[2]侯朝炯等.巷道围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2013:122-130.
[3]武越超,韦志远,谭英明,等.空巷影响下回采巷道围岩稳定性及支护设计研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):128-132.WU Yuechao,WEI Zhiyuan,TAN Yingming,et al. Study on surrounding rock stability and support design of mining gatewayunder influences of abandoned roadways[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):128-132.
[4]张盛,赵文峰,王小良,等.软弱厚煤层沿顶掘进并沿底回采技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2019,47(1):79-84.ZHANG Sheng,ZHAO Wenfeng,WANG Xiaoliang,et al. Study on the technology of driving along the top and mining along the bottom of weak thick coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2019,47(1):79-84.
[5]刘彦杰.长距离多断层破碎带巷道超前探测关键技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(S2):199-205.LIU Yanjie.Key technology of roadway advanced detection in longdistance multi-fault fracture zone[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(S2):199-205.
[6]卢海军.管棚囊袋注浆超前支护技术在巷道过采空区中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):49-53.LU Haijun. Application of advanced support technology of pipe shed pouch grouting in goaf of roadway[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):49-53.
[7]李杨,朱恩光,张康宁,等.工作面过破坏区开采方法与覆岩破断规律研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(S1):16-23.LI Yang,ZHU Enguang,ZHANG Kangning,et al. Mining methods and roof caving mechanism in long-wall mining through the abandoned gate-roads of small mines[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(S1):16-23.
[8]胡高建,杨天鸿,张飞,等.复杂空区群回采围岩破坏模式及区域并行研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(3):565-572.HU Gaojian,YANG Tianhong,ZHANG Fei,et al. Parallel computing technologies for the failure mode and area of surrounding rock in complex goafs[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2017,34(3):565-572.
[9]田金泽,翟高峰.挠褶带内复合破碎型煤巷顶板控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):22-26,40.TIAN Jinze,ZHAI Gaofeng. Roof control technology of complex breaking type seam gateway within flexure zone[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):22-26,40.
[10]何向宁,陈勇,秦征远.综放工作面过空巷技术研究及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):124-130.HE Xiangning,CHEN Yong,QIN Zhengyuan. Application and study on technology of fully-mechanized top coal cavingmining face passing through mine abandoned roadway[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):124-130.
[11]单辉祖.材料力学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:99-110.
[12]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2010.
[13]邢福康,蔡坫,刘玉堂.煤矿支护手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:535-536.
[14]洛锋,曹树刚,李国栋,等.煤层巷道围岩破断失稳演化特征和分区支护研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(3):479-487.LUO Feng,CAO Shugang,LI Guodong,et al.Evolution characteristics of fracture and instability in coal roadways and sub-regional supporting[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2017,34(3):479-487.
[15]周保精,庞义辉.综放工作面过小煤矿采空区充填复采技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(S1):89-92.ZHOU Baojin,PANG Yihui. Filling and re-mining technology of fully mechanized top-coal caving face through goaf of small coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(S1):89-92.
[16]王平虎,陕建龙.晋城矿区残留煤复采工作面顶板及煤柱稳定性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(8):37-41,59.WANG Pinghu,SHAN Jianlong. Study on stability of roof and pillar of residual coal mining face in Jincheng mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(8):37-41,59.