渭南市蒲城县布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略效果评价
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摘要
目的将布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略应用于渭南市蒲城县布鲁菌病防控工作中,评价综合实施效果,为布鲁菌病防控提供更有效策略。方法 2016年5月,选择陕西省渭南市蒲城县布鲁菌病高发地区,根据与羊只接触密切程度将调查人群分为一级目标人群和二级目标人群,同时将4～6年级学生纳入调查对象,实施一般性卫生宣传、针对性健康教育及干预引导。采用调查问卷的形式,调查干预前后一级目标人群健康行为形成率、不同干预措施对一级目标人群干预效果和布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率的差异。以此评价布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略的实施效果。结果一级、二级目标人群、学生布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率由干预前的53.45%(7 636/14 286)上升到干预后的90.28%(9 972/11 046)。布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率分别较干预前提高了34.76%、33.96%和41.12%。综合措施干预区、干预包发放区干预后一级目标人群布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率分别提高了31.56%和39.16%。2014年蒲城县新发病例96例,占全市17.33%(96/554);2015和2016年新发病例45和46例,分别占全市16.54%(45/272)、27.88%(46/165),2017年报告发病率下降,占全市24.3%(26/107)。结论通过实施综合防治策略大幅提高了渭南市蒲城县目标人群的布鲁菌病防治知识知晓率,有效降低了布鲁菌病发病率,遏制布鲁菌病的持续高发。
[Objective]To introduce the concept of health promotion to brucellosis comprehensive prevention and control,evaluate the effect,and provide a more effective strategy for prevention and control of brucellosis.[Methods]The study began in May 2016,and a high-incidence district of brucellosis in Pucheng County of Weinan City was selected. The study populations were divided to primary target group and secondary target group according to the extent of exposure to sheep,and the students of grade 4-6 were involved. The general health campaigns,targeted health education,intervention and guidance were implemented. The questionnaire survey was used to investigate the difference on the health behavior formation rate,the effects of different intervention measures in primary target group,and the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control before and after the intervention,so as to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive health promotion strategies on prevention and control of brucellosis.[Results]The awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in primary target group,secondary target group and students increased from 53.45%(7 636/14 286) before intervention to 90.28%(9 972/11 046) after the intervention. The awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control increased by 34.76 %,33.96% and 41.12%,respectively. In the comprehensive intervention area and intervention package distribution area,the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in the primary target group increased by 31.56% and 39.16 %respectively. There were 96 new cases in Pucheng County in 2014,accounting for 17.33%(96/554) of Weinan City. There were45 new cases in 2015 and 46 new cases in 2016,accounting for 16.54%(45/272) and 27.88%(46/165) respectively,which the proportion increased. The number of reported cases decreased in 2017 and the proportion was 24.3%(26/107).[Conclusion]Through the implementation of health promotion and precise interventions measures,the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in the target group in Pucheng County has increased substantially. The incidence of human brucellosis has effectively decreased,and the continued high incidence of human brucellosis has been curbed.
[Objective]To introduce the concept of health promotion to brucellosis comprehensive prevention and control,evaluate the effect,and provide a more effective strategy for prevention and control of brucellosis.[Methods]The study began in May 2016,and a high-incidence district of brucellosis in Pucheng County of Weinan City was selected. The study populations were divided to primary target group and secondary target group according to the extent of exposure to sheep,and the students of grade 4-6 were involved. The general health campaigns,targeted health education,intervention and guidance were implemented. The questionnaire survey was used to investigate the difference on the health behavior formation rate,the effects of different intervention measures in primary target group,and the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control before and after the intervention,so as to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive health promotion strategies on prevention and control of brucellosis.[Results]The awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in primary target group,secondary target group and students increased from 53.45%(7 636/14 286) before intervention to 90.28%(9 972/11 046) after the intervention. The awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control increased by 34.76 %,33.96% and 41.12%,respectively. In the comprehensive intervention area and intervention package distribution area,the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in the primary target group increased by 31.56% and 39.16 %respectively. There were 96 new cases in Pucheng County in 2014,accounting for 17.33%(96/554) of Weinan City. There were45 new cases in 2015 and 46 new cases in 2016,accounting for 16.54%(45/272) and 27.88%(46/165) respectively,which the proportion increased. The number of reported cases decreased in 2017 and the proportion was 24.3%(26/107).[Conclusion]Through the implementation of health promotion and precise interventions measures,the awareness rate of knowledge on brucellosis control in the target group in Pucheng County has increased substantially. The incidence of human brucellosis has effectively decreased,and the continued high incidence of human brucellosis has been curbed.
引文
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[7]赵爱珠,侯兴佑,刘玮,等.渭南市20例布鲁杆菌病流行病学调查结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(2):157-159.
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[9]徐淑慧,隋庆梅,许华茹.从济南市布病疫情形势探讨其防控策略[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(10),1806-1808.
[10]张同军,孙养信,范锁平,等.陕西省布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略研究[J].中华地方病学杂志,2017,36(11):828-832.
[11]陈丹,柳晓琳,刘晓刚,等.辽西地区职业人群布鲁氏菌病知识及行为干预研究[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2010,25(4):248-250.
[12]席清寅,孙占晔.健康行为指导在布鲁氏菌病防控中的作用[J].中国初级卫生保健,2008,22(4):53-54.
[13]李宏菇,石杲,李保荣.人间布鲁氏菌病防治档案的管理与分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(3):349-350.
[2]宗雪梅,张海红,李卫红,等.平山县布鲁氏菌病健康教育和行为干预效果评价[J].医学动物防制,2015,31(3):237-240.
[3]吕永杰,孙养信.陕西省布鲁氏菌病防治研究[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,2005:90-115.
[4]金福芝,常殊杰,关春鸿,等.黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市梅里斯区布鲁杆菌病防治健康教育和行为干预效果评价[J].中华地方病学杂志,2013,32(5):572-575.
[5]王安林,陈永敏,张大义,等.南阳市宛城区布鲁菌病疫情分析及防治效果[J].职业与健康,2016,32(6):791-794.
[6]胡邵谦,黄志刚.布鲁氏菌病防控存在的主要问题及策略[J].中国初级卫生保健,2010,24(6):84-85.
[7]赵爱珠,侯兴佑,刘玮,等.渭南市20例布鲁杆菌病流行病学调查结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(2):157-159.
[8]苏承,徐文体,李琳.人感染布鲁菌病的研究进展[J].职业与健康,2016,32(11):1566-1568.
[9]徐淑慧,隋庆梅,许华茹.从济南市布病疫情形势探讨其防控策略[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(10),1806-1808.
[10]张同军,孙养信,范锁平,等.陕西省布鲁菌病健康促进综合防治策略研究[J].中华地方病学杂志,2017,36(11):828-832.
[11]陈丹,柳晓琳,刘晓刚,等.辽西地区职业人群布鲁氏菌病知识及行为干预研究[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2010,25(4):248-250.
[12]席清寅,孙占晔.健康行为指导在布鲁氏菌病防控中的作用[J].中国初级卫生保健,2008,22(4):53-54.
[13]李宏菇,石杲,李保荣.人间布鲁氏菌病防治档案的管理与分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(3):349-350.