自走式单轨道山地果园运输机力学仿真与试验
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摘要
为研究自走式单轨道山地果园运输机轨道齿条齿形和工作参数对运输机力学性能的影响,基于动力学理论和Hertz理论的Impact函数模型,建立运输机驱动轮与轨道齿条啮合的虚拟样机模型。选取齿条齿形、轨道坡度、驱动轮转速为评价指标,设计虚拟正交试验,结果显示:影响运输机作业力学性能的主次顺序为齿条齿形>轨道坡度>驱动轮转速,相同条件下链轮齿形齿条性能最优。台架试验结果表明,在轨道坡度分别为+0°、+6°、+12°,驱动轮转速为+88.08rad/s时,驱动轮与链轮齿形齿条啮合时所需扭矩较圆弧齿形齿条分别减少33.82%、33.45%、18.36%,验证了模型仿真分析的正确性。
In order to research the influence of the rack tooth forms and working conditions on the mechanical property of self-propelled monorail mountain orchard transporter,the dynamic models of the transmission system including the driving wheel and racks were established based on the dynamic theory and the Hertz impact-contact theory.Based on ADAMS/View simulation software,the relation of the tooth forms and the torque of the driving wheel which was generated when the driving wheel was engaged with the racks was analyzed and simulated.The orthogonal experiment was carried out using tooth forms,rail gradients and angular velocity as experiment factors and the average torque as assessment index.Range analysis and variance analysis was used to determine the importance index for the torque.The results showed that the order of the primary and secondary impact on the mechanical performance of the transporter is rack tooth profile>track grade>drive wheel speed.Under the same conditions,the sprocket rack has the best performance.Under the condition of the angular velocity of the drive wheel was+88.08 rad/s,the rail gradients were +0°,+6°,+12°,the average torque was decreased by33.82%,33.45%,18.36%,respectively when the driving wheel was engaged with chain wheel tooth form rack than arc tooth form rack.The correctness of the model simulation analysis is verified,which will provide a reference for the structural optimization design of self-propelled monorail mountain orchard transporter track.
In order to research the influence of the rack tooth forms and working conditions on the mechanical property of self-propelled monorail mountain orchard transporter,the dynamic models of the transmission system including the driving wheel and racks were established based on the dynamic theory and the Hertz impact-contact theory.Based on ADAMS/View simulation software,the relation of the tooth forms and the torque of the driving wheel which was generated when the driving wheel was engaged with the racks was analyzed and simulated.The orthogonal experiment was carried out using tooth forms,rail gradients and angular velocity as experiment factors and the average torque as assessment index.Range analysis and variance analysis was used to determine the importance index for the torque.The results showed that the order of the primary and secondary impact on the mechanical performance of the transporter is rack tooth profile>track grade>drive wheel speed.Under the same conditions,the sprocket rack has the best performance.Under the condition of the angular velocity of the drive wheel was+88.08 rad/s,the rail gradients were +0°,+6°,+12°,the average torque was decreased by33.82%,33.45%,18.36%,respectively when the driving wheel was engaged with chain wheel tooth form rack than arc tooth form rack.The correctness of the model simulation analysis is verified,which will provide a reference for the structural optimization design of self-propelled monorail mountain orchard transporter track.
引文
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[23]许立新,刘建平,杨玉虎,等.基于虚拟样机技术的步进链传动系统动力学仿真研究[J].中国机械工程,2005,20(1):15-19.
[24]张芸,张鹏,鲍兵兵.次摆线滚轮齿条传动啮合副力学性能研究[J].机械传动,2016,40(6):27-31.
[25]TERADA H,MAKINO H,IMASE K.Fundamental analysis of linear type trochoidal gear(1st Report)-motion principle of trochoidal cam rack[J].JSPE,1997,63(11):1609-1613.
[26]李学杰.自走式山地果园单轨运输机的研制[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[27]李善军,刘辉,张衍林,等.单轨道山地果园运输机齿条齿形优选[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(6):52-57.
[28]石博强,申焱华,宁晓斌,等.ADAMS基础与工程范例教程[M].太原:中国铁道出版社,2007.
[29]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.
[30]刘发鑫,武传宇,孙良.转动副间隙对曲柄摇杆式分插机构性能的影响分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(15):9-17.
[2]沈兆敏.我国柑橘产销现状、发展趋势及对策建议[J].果农之友,2017(9):1-2.
[3]吴伟斌,游展辉,洪添胜,等.山地果园轮式运输机动力稳定系统测试[J].华中农业大学学报,2017,36(3):86-92.
[4]粘雅玲,沈嵘枫,张小珍,等.果园运输机械研究进展[J].农业技术与装备,2014(22):24-28.
[5]黄水鸿.山地果园双轨运输机振动测试系统[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[6]刘金枝.我国水果产业化存在的问题与对策研究[J].时代农机,2017,44(3):127-128.
[7]洪添胜,苏建,朱余清,等.山地橘园链式循环货运索道设计[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(6):108-111.
[8]文韬,洪添胜,苏建,等.山地果园索道张紧调节自动控制装置的设计[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(6):128-131.
[9]刘杰,张衍林,张闻宇,等.山地果园无动力运输机设计[J].华中农业大学学报,2017,36(1):117-122.
[10]刘佛良,张震邦,杨晓彬,等.山地果园双履带微型运输车的设计、仿真及试验[J].华中农业大学学报,2018,37(4):15-23.
[11]张俊峰,李敬亚,张衍林,等.山地果园遥控单轨运输机设计[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(2):90-94.
[12]汤晓磊,张衍林,李学杰.7YGD-45型电动遥控式单轨果园运输机[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(2):443-447.
[13]战延文,张学锋,刘长乐,等.单轨运输车应用现状[J].林业机械与木工设备,2008,36(12):45-47.
[14]李善军,邢军军,张衍林,等.7YGS-45型自走式双轨道山地果园运输机[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(8):85-88.
[15]邢军军.自走式大坡度双轨道果园运输机的设计及仿真[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[16]汤跃,赵进,邱志鹏,等.基于虚拟样机的桁架式喷洒车稳定性动力学仿真[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):72-78.
[17]陈黎卿,梁修天,曹成茂.基于多体动力学的秸秆还田机虚拟仿真与功耗测试[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(3):106-111.
[18]申兆亮.基于ADAMS仿真新型滚子链链轮齿形的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.
[19]PEDERSEN S L.Model of contact between rollers and sprockets in chain-drive systems[J].Archive of applied mechanics,2005,74(7):489-508.
[20]PEDERSEN S L,HANSEN J M,AMBROSIO J A C.A roller chain drive model including contact with guide-bars[J].Multibody system dynamics,2004,12(3):285-301.
[21]王振乾.滚筒式采煤机行走机构运动学分析及强度研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2007.
[22]周旭辉,疏舒,马俊.基于ADAMS的小齿轮齿条动力学仿真分析[J].泊海工程,2012,41(5):119-121.
[23]许立新,刘建平,杨玉虎,等.基于虚拟样机技术的步进链传动系统动力学仿真研究[J].中国机械工程,2005,20(1):15-19.
[24]张芸,张鹏,鲍兵兵.次摆线滚轮齿条传动啮合副力学性能研究[J].机械传动,2016,40(6):27-31.
[25]TERADA H,MAKINO H,IMASE K.Fundamental analysis of linear type trochoidal gear(1st Report)-motion principle of trochoidal cam rack[J].JSPE,1997,63(11):1609-1613.
[26]李学杰.自走式山地果园单轨运输机的研制[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[27]李善军,刘辉,张衍林,等.单轨道山地果园运输机齿条齿形优选[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(6):52-57.
[28]石博强,申焱华,宁晓斌,等.ADAMS基础与工程范例教程[M].太原:中国铁道出版社,2007.
[29]李增刚.ADAMS入门详解与实例[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.
[30]刘发鑫,武传宇,孙良.转动副间隙对曲柄摇杆式分插机构性能的影响分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(15):9-17.