电力系统静态安全最优潮流并行计算方法
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摘要
针对大规模预防性安全约束最优潮流计算耗时长的问题,提出2种基于单机多处理器平台的粗粒度并行计算方法以提高求解效率。依据多预想故障计算过程相互独立的特点合理分解计算任务,平衡各核心负载,降低通信损耗,并利用MATLAB并行工具箱编写具有高并行度的程序代码,充分利用多核资源。得到的优化调度方案可使电网运行同时满足正常状态和N-1故障状态约束,使电力系统具备承受一定程度故障干扰的能力。3个系统的多预想故障设置方案的测试结果表明,所提算法在保证精确性和收敛性的基础上,加速效果明显,易扩展至多机集群架构。
Aiming at the time-consuming problem of large-scale preventive security-constrained optimal power flow,two coarse grained parallel computing methods based on single machine multicore platform are proposed to improve the solving efficiency. According to the mutually independent characterisitics of multi-contingency calculation process,the computation task is decomposed reasonably to balance the loads of each core and reduce the communication loss,and MATLAB parallel toolbox is used to write program code with high parallelism to make full use of multi-core resources. The obtained optimal dispatching scheme can make the grid operation meet the constraints of both normal state and N-1 fault state,and make power grid has the ability to withstand a certain degree of fault interference. The test results of multi-contingency setting schemes of three systems show that the proposed algorithm has obvious acce-leration effect based on the gurantee of accuracy and convergence,and it is easy to be extended to multi-machine cluster architecture.
Aiming at the time-consuming problem of large-scale preventive security-constrained optimal power flow,two coarse grained parallel computing methods based on single machine multicore platform are proposed to improve the solving efficiency. According to the mutually independent characterisitics of multi-contingency calculation process,the computation task is decomposed reasonably to balance the loads of each core and reduce the communication loss,and MATLAB parallel toolbox is used to write program code with high parallelism to make full use of multi-core resources. The obtained optimal dispatching scheme can make the grid operation meet the constraints of both normal state and N-1 fault state,and make power grid has the ability to withstand a certain degree of fault interference. The test results of multi-contingency setting schemes of three systems show that the proposed algorithm has obvious acce-leration effect based on the gurantee of accuracy and convergence,and it is easy to be extended to multi-machine cluster architecture.
引文
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[14]阳育德,冯彦维,韦化.基于补偿法的预防性静态安全控制[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):47-54.YANG Yude,FENG Yanwei,WEI Hua. Preventive static security control based on compensation method[J]. Electric Power Automatic Equipment,2015,35(12):47-54.
[15] WEI H,SASAKI H,YOKOYAMA R. An application of interior point quadratic programming algorithm to power system optimization problems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1996,11(1):260-266.
[16]陈国良,孙广中,徐云,等.并行算法研究方法学[J].计算机学报,2008,31(9):1493-1502.CHEN Guoliang,SUN Guangzhong,XU Yun,et al. Methodology of research on parallel algorithms[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers,2008,31(9):1493-1502.
[17] FOSTER I T. Designing and building parallel programs:concepts and tools for parallel software engineering[M]. New York,USA:Addison Wesley Publishing Company,1995.
[18]YANG Y,FENG Y. Large-scale preventive security constrained optimal power flow based on compensation method[C]∥Power&Energy Society General Meeting. Denver,Colorado,USA:IEEE,2015:1-5.
[19]刘维.实战Matlab之并行程序设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2012.
[20]罗彬,李刚,苗树敏,等.大规模电力系统潮流转移比多核并行批处理方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5446-5454.LUO Bin,LI Gang,MIAO Shumin,et al. A parallel batch method for power flow transferring analysis in large-scale power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5446-5454.
[2]周勇,陈震海.华中(河南)电网“7.1”事故分析与思考[J].湖南电力,2008,28(3):28-30.ZHOU Yong,CHEN Zhenhai. Analysis and consideration of“7.1”accident in central China(Henan)power grid[J]. Hunan Electric Power,2008,28(3):28-30.
[3]葛睿,董昱,吕跃春.欧洲“11.4”大停电事故分析及对我国电网运行工作的启示[J].电网技术,2007,31(3):1-6.GE Rui,DONG Yu,LYuechun. Analysis of large-scale blackout in UCTE power grid and lessons to be drawn to power grid operation in China[J]. Power System Technology,2007,31(3):1-6.
[4]傅旭.考虑不确定因素的电力系统静态安全预防控制[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(2):120-124.FU Xu. Static security preventive control considering uncertainty factors for power system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(2):120-124.
[5]李响,张国庆,郭志忠.输电断面潮流的N-1静态安全约束[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(11):10-13.LI Xiang,ZHANG Guoqing,GUO Zhizhong. N-1 principle steady state security restriction on power flow of transmission tie line group[J]. Electric Power Automatic Equipment,2004,24(11):10-13.
[6]钟世民,韩学山,刘道伟,等.计及校正控制的安全约束最优潮流的奔德斯分解算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):65-71.ZHONG Shimin,HAN Xueshan,LIU Daowei,et al. Benders decomposition algorithm for corrective security-constrained optimal power flow[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):65-71.
[7]CAPITANESCU F,GLAVIC M,ERNST D,et al. Contingency filtering techniques for preventive security-constrained optimal power flow[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2007,22(4):1690-1697.
[8]PLATBROOD L,CAPITANESCU F,MERCKX C,et al. A generic approach for solving nonlinear-discrete security-constrained optimal power flow problems in large-scale systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(3):1194-1203.
[9] GEPNER P,KOWALIK M F. Multi-core processors:new way to achieve high system performance[C]∥International Symposium on Parallel Computing in Electrical Engineering,2006. Bialystok,Poland:IEEE,2006:9-13.
[10]王成山,杨建林,张家安,等.一种暂态稳定并行仿真的改进算法及其加速比分析[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(5):1-4.WANG Chengshan,YANG Jianlin,ZHANG Jiaan,et al. Improved parallel algorithm for transient stability simulation and analysis of its speedup[J]. Electric Power Automatic Equipment,2006,26(5):1-4.
[11]范文涛,薛禹胜.并行处理在电力系统分析中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,1998,22(2):64-67.FAN Wentao,XUE Yusheng. The application of parallel processing in power system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,1998,22(2):64-67.
[12]吉兴全,王成山.电力系统并行计算方法比较研究[J].电网技术,2003,27(4):22-26.JI Xingquan,WANG Chengshan. A comparative study on parallel processing applied in power system[J]. Power System Technology,2003,27(4):22-26.
[13]李佩杰,韦化,李滨,等.最优潮流中有向无环图的并行数值分解算法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):66-72.LI Peijie,WEI Hua,LI Bin,et al. A parallel numerical factorization algorithm based on directed acyclic graph in optimal power flow[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):66-72.
[14]阳育德,冯彦维,韦化.基于补偿法的预防性静态安全控制[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):47-54.YANG Yude,FENG Yanwei,WEI Hua. Preventive static security control based on compensation method[J]. Electric Power Automatic Equipment,2015,35(12):47-54.
[15] WEI H,SASAKI H,YOKOYAMA R. An application of interior point quadratic programming algorithm to power system optimization problems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1996,11(1):260-266.
[16]陈国良,孙广中,徐云,等.并行算法研究方法学[J].计算机学报,2008,31(9):1493-1502.CHEN Guoliang,SUN Guangzhong,XU Yun,et al. Methodology of research on parallel algorithms[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers,2008,31(9):1493-1502.
[17] FOSTER I T. Designing and building parallel programs:concepts and tools for parallel software engineering[M]. New York,USA:Addison Wesley Publishing Company,1995.
[18]YANG Y,FENG Y. Large-scale preventive security constrained optimal power flow based on compensation method[C]∥Power&Energy Society General Meeting. Denver,Colorado,USA:IEEE,2015:1-5.
[19]刘维.实战Matlab之并行程序设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2012.
[20]罗彬,李刚,苗树敏,等.大规模电力系统潮流转移比多核并行批处理方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5446-5454.LUO Bin,LI Gang,MIAO Shumin,et al. A parallel batch method for power flow transferring analysis in large-scale power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5446-5454.