基于入境旅游视角下的河西走廊露营旅游研究
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摘要
"丝绸之路经济带"的实施将西北重要的生态屏障区——甘肃转变为向西开放的前沿阵地,提出了对外开放、突出地方特色、着重绿色发展的新发展思路。处于丝绸之路关键段的河西走廊是甘肃省生态屏障建设水平最高的地区,集历史、民族和全样自然景观等多元旅游资源于一身,是我国最早发展入境旅游的地区,具有较好的知名度和开发经验。随着大众旅游的常态化,包括中国在内的亚太地区愈加被世界旅游所关注,而露营旅游成为时下旅游市场的刚需和新的增长点,将入境旅游和露营旅游相结合已成为大势所趋。因此,通过回顾露营旅游的发展态势和建设情况,以入境旅游为视角,对河西走廊露营旅游的资源、政策、区位、交通、经济、文化、环境、人才、客源地和露营地进行了剖析,从定位、方略及对策等方面提出合理化建议。分析表明:河西走廊可通过露营旅游将多元旅游资源融合、串接,进一步凸显地方特色。河西走廊露营旅游应面向国际,定位高端旅游开发和建设。中长期瞄准国际高端市场,近期可借助政府引导培育河西走廊的周边和发达地区。另外,将现代发达的交通方式与地方、历史的交通体验相结合,在不同时期,设立不同主题的营销系列,将目前的观光旅游向增强体验感和参与度进行转变。同时,借势"丝绸之路经济带"建设,拓展国际市场,提升河西走廊旅游业。
As a significant ecological protective screen in northwestern China, Gansu Province is changed into foremost position of opening to the west, providing the new thinking such as open-door to the outside world as well as highlighting local feature and green development, following the implementation of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The Hexi Corridor along the key section of the Silk Road, is the forefront construction region of ecological protective screen in Gansu province, and integrate the historical, ethnographic, and multiple landscapes with better brand awareness and development experience due to the earliest regions on developing inbound tourism. Owing to the normalization of mass tourism, more international attention given to the Asia-Pacific region including China, as well as new growth points and rigid demand of tourism, camping should be developed by the insight of inbound tourism. In this paper, the development and organization of camping are firstly summarized. The resources, policies, location, traffic, economic growth, culture, environment, professional talent, passenger source, and campsites of the Hexi Corridor were analyzed, respectively. Then, the position, strategies, and measures are discussed under the implementation of the Belt and Road. The result showed that the strategy of camping should be aimed at the international market as high-end tourism in the mid or long-term. However, there is a recent need to cultivate domestic market especially in the surrounding and developed provinces by government guidance. The multiple tourism resources of the Hexi Corridor should be further integrated and highlighted on the local trait. Moreover, the modern developed traffic means and ancient transportation are also need to be considered to combine together. According to the distribution of inbound tourism and particular preferences, the various marketing themes at different time should be well-organized. All of these proposals could be used to improve the overall experience, which could promote the rapid development of tourism.
As a significant ecological protective screen in northwestern China, Gansu Province is changed into foremost position of opening to the west, providing the new thinking such as open-door to the outside world as well as highlighting local feature and green development, following the implementation of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The Hexi Corridor along the key section of the Silk Road, is the forefront construction region of ecological protective screen in Gansu province, and integrate the historical, ethnographic, and multiple landscapes with better brand awareness and development experience due to the earliest regions on developing inbound tourism. Owing to the normalization of mass tourism, more international attention given to the Asia-Pacific region including China, as well as new growth points and rigid demand of tourism, camping should be developed by the insight of inbound tourism. In this paper, the development and organization of camping are firstly summarized. The resources, policies, location, traffic, economic growth, culture, environment, professional talent, passenger source, and campsites of the Hexi Corridor were analyzed, respectively. Then, the position, strategies, and measures are discussed under the implementation of the Belt and Road. The result showed that the strategy of camping should be aimed at the international market as high-end tourism in the mid or long-term. However, there is a recent need to cultivate domestic market especially in the surrounding and developed provinces by government guidance. The multiple tourism resources of the Hexi Corridor should be further integrated and highlighted on the local trait. Moreover, the modern developed traffic means and ancient transportation are also need to be considered to combine together. According to the distribution of inbound tourism and particular preferences, the various marketing themes at different time should be well-organized. All of these proposals could be used to improve the overall experience, which could promote the rapid development of tourism.
引文
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[7] Peng Ruijuan. Spatial analysis of tourism economic differences in underdeveloped regions: a case study of Gansu Province[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2017, 40(3): 664-670. [彭睿娟. 欠发达地区旅游经济差异的空间分析: 以甘肃省为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(3): 664-670.]
[8] Zhang Xiugai, Zhao Yuan, Zhu Jingjing. Coupling coordination between tourism resources and tourism development in the Chinese section of the Silk Road Economic Belt[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2018, 41(1): 170-177. [张秀改, 赵媛, 朱敬敬. 丝绸之路经济带中国段旅游资源与旅游发展耦合研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(1): 170-177. (1).]
[9] Yu Haibo, Wu Bihu. Research progress on self-driving tour abroad[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2011, 26(3): 55-61. [于海波, 吴必虎. 国外自驾游研究进展[J]. 旅游学刊, 2011, 26(3): 55-61.]
[10] Jiao Lingling, Zhang Jinhe. Analysis on the development and safety of camping tourism in China[J]. Inquiry Into Economic Issues, 2009(4): 92-95. [焦玲玲, 章锦河. 我国露营旅游发展与安全问题分析[J]. 经济问题探索, 2009(4): 92-95.]
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[2[1] Mikuli■J, Prebe?ac D, ?eri■M, et al. Campsite choice and the camping tourism experience: investigating decisive campsite attributes using relevance-determinance analysis[J]. Tourism Management, 2017, 59: 226-233.
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[2] Zhang Yan, Gao Feng. The synthetic evaluation on the ecological defense construction in Gansu and the influence factors[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2015, 29(11): 93-98.]. [张燕, 高峰. 甘肃省生态屏障建设的综合评价和影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 29(11): 93-98.]
[3] Wang Shijin, Bai Yongping, Shi Huichun. Thoughts on integration ang development of tourism resources in the Hexi Corridor[J]. Economic Geography, 2007, 27(2): 327-331. [王世金, 白永平, 石惠春. 河西走廊地带旅游资源整合开发思路[J]. 经济地理, 2007, 27(2): 327-331.]
[4] Jiao Shitai. Regional development of tourim in the Hexi Corridor[J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University: Natural Science, 2011, 47(6): 110-115. [焦世泰. 河西走廊区域旅游开发研究[J]. 西北师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2011, 47(6): 110-115.]
[5] Lü Shuai, Wang Yuming, Gong Wei, et al. SSM analysis of tourist source structure in tourism market: take Shanghai overseas tourist market as an example[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2006, 21(11): 60-64. [吕帅, 汪宇明, 龚伟, 等. 旅游市场客源结构的SSM分析: 以上海市海外游客市场为例[J]. 旅游学刊, 2006, 21(11): 60-64.]
[6] Deng Hui, Li Meng. An empirical analysis of the influencing factors of tourism income in China: based on tourism-related data of 22 provinces in China[J]. Lanzhou Academic Journal, 2015(10): 171-176. [邓辉, 李朦. 我国旅游收入影响因素的实证分析: 基于全国22个省份旅游相关数据[J]. 兰州学刊, 2015(10): 171-176.]
[7] Peng Ruijuan. Spatial analysis of tourism economic differences in underdeveloped regions: a case study of Gansu Province[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2017, 40(3): 664-670. [彭睿娟. 欠发达地区旅游经济差异的空间分析: 以甘肃省为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(3): 664-670.]
[8] Zhang Xiugai, Zhao Yuan, Zhu Jingjing. Coupling coordination between tourism resources and tourism development in the Chinese section of the Silk Road Economic Belt[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2018, 41(1): 170-177. [张秀改, 赵媛, 朱敬敬. 丝绸之路经济带中国段旅游资源与旅游发展耦合研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(1): 170-177. (1).]
[9] Yu Haibo, Wu Bihu. Research progress on self-driving tour abroad[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2011, 26(3): 55-61. [于海波, 吴必虎. 国外自驾游研究进展[J]. 旅游学刊, 2011, 26(3): 55-61.]
[10] Jiao Lingling, Zhang Jinhe. Analysis on the development and safety of camping tourism in China[J]. Inquiry Into Economic Issues, 2009(4): 92-95. [焦玲玲, 章锦河. 我国露营旅游发展与安全问题分析[J]. 经济问题探索, 2009(4): 92-95.]
[1[1] Chen Cong. Research on the development of Chinese RV camping tourism[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2012. [陈聪. 中国房车露营旅游发展研究[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2012.]
[12] Zeng Guojun, Cai Jiandong. Research on the contribution of China's tourism industry to national economy[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2012, 27(5): 23-31. [曾国军, 蔡建东. 中国旅游产业对国民经济的贡献研究[J]. 旅游学刊, 2012, 27(5): 23-31.]
[13] Fang Yan, Wu Bihu. Chinese campsite: status and future[J]. Tourism Research. 2016, 8(4): 11-13. [方琰, 吴必虎. 中国露营地: 现状与未来[J]. 旅游研究, 2016, 8(4): 11-13.]
[14] Sun Gennian. On the location development and regional joint development of tourism[J]. Human Geography, 2001, 16(4): 1-5. [孙根年. 论旅游业的区位开发与区域联合开发[J]. 人文地理, 2001, 16(4): 1-5.]
[15] Zhang Liqun. Study on the development and differences of international in-bound tourism in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province of the Silk Road[J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University: Natural Science, 2012, 48(6): 95-98. [张立群. “丝绸之路”甘肃河西段国际入境旅游发展差异研究[J]. 西北师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2012, 48(6): 95-98.]
[16] Jin Zhun, Liao Bin. The new global tourism division system and the positioning of China's tourism industry[J]. Economic Management, 2016(4): 149-158. [金准, 廖斌. 全球旅游分工新体系和中国旅游业定位[J]. 经济管理, 2016(4): 149-158.]
[17] Lü Ning, Wu Xinfang. Research on the development model of campsites in China[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University: Social Sciences Edition, 2017, 17(6): 93-100. [吕宁, 吴新芳. 我国露营地发展模式研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报: 社会科学版, 2017, 17(6): 93-100.]
[18] Lin Lijun, Lin Guowei. Research on the develo5pment and countermeasures of RV tourism in Hexi Corridor[J]. Journal of Hexi University, 2018(1): 66-71. [林立军, 蔺国伟. 河西走廊房车旅游发展及对策研究[J]. 河西学院学报, 2018(1): 66-71.]
[19] Yang Jinquan, Wang Yingxin. Analysis of the industrial status of china's inbound tourism[J]. Social Sciences in Yunnan, 2007(2): 79-81. [杨锦权, 王迎新. 中国入境旅游的产业地位分析[J]. 云南社会科学, 2007(2): 79-81.]
[20] Jiao Lingling, Zhang Jinhe. Analysis on the development and safety of camping tourism in China[J]. Inquiry into Economic Issues, 2009(4): 92-95. [焦玲玲, 章锦河. 我国露营旅游发展与安全问题分析[J]. 经济问题探索, 2009(4): 92-95.]
[2[1] Mikuli■J, Prebe?ac D, ?eri■M, et al. Campsite choice and the camping tourism experience: investigating decisive campsite attributes using relevance-determinance analysis[J]. Tourism Management, 2017, 59: 226-233.
[22] Murphy P E. Tourism: a community approach (RLE tourism)[M]. New York: Routledge, 2013.
[23] Current situation of China RV camping in the 2017[R/OL]. (2018-04-12) [2018-09-08] http://www.51luying.com/mobile/index.php/mediadetails/index/13640.html. [2017年中国房车露营行业现状[R/OL]. (2018-04-12) [2018-09-08] http://www.51luying.com/mobile/index.php/mediadetails/index/13640.html.]
[24] China camping investment report 2017[R/OL]. (2018-05-11) [2018-09-08]. http://www.sohu.com/a/231300906_379432. [2017年中国露营地行业投资报告[R/OL]. (2018-05-11) [2018-09-08]. http://www.sohu.com/a/231300906_37943 2.]
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