桥丝电爆炸过程中的电磁脉冲效应
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摘要
金属桥丝爆炸实验中,金属桥丝是否完全电起爆对火工品能否正常发火十分重要,为此,提出了一种通过电磁脉冲辐射效应来判断桥丝起爆状态的方法,利用天线探测金属桥丝在起爆中的电磁脉冲信号,并对其进行分析以判断桥丝起爆状态。研究结果表明,完全电起爆和不完全电起爆状态产生的电磁脉冲在持续时间和辐射频谱上存在显著差异。当桥丝完全电起爆时,金属桥丝初始加热阶段的电磁效应和本征爆炸阶段的电磁效应产生的电磁信号持续时间短,等离子体阶段的电磁效应产生的电磁信号持续时间长,电磁脉冲信号中包括90～100 MHz高频电磁辐射;当桥丝没有完全电起爆时,金属桥丝初始加热阶段的电磁效应和本征爆炸阶段的电磁效应产生的电磁信号持续时间长,等离子体阶段的电磁效应产生的电磁信号持续时间短,电磁脉冲信号的频率主要集中在40 MHz以下的低频区域。
Since it is important to judge the metal bridge wire completely detonated whether or not in the metal bridge wire explo-sion experiment,a method was proposed to judge the detonation state of the bridge wire by the electromagnetic pulse radiation effect. The electromagnetic pulse signal of the metal bridge wire during the detonation process was measured by the antenna,while the measured electromagnetic pulse signal was analyzed to judge the bridge wire detonation status. The electromagnetic pulse signal shows that the electromagnetic pulse generated by the complete detonation and the incomplete detonation state,has a significant difference in duration and radiation spectrum. When the bridge wire is completely detonated,the electromagnet-ic signal duration in the intrinsic explosion phase is short,and the electromagnetic signal generated in the plasma phase lasts long. The electromagnetic pulse signal includes high frequency electromagnetic radiation of 90 MHz to 100 MHz. When the bridge wire is not completely detonated,the electromagnetic signal generated during the intrinsic explosion phase lasts for a long time,while the electromagnetic signal generated during the plasma phase has a short duration. The frequency of the electromag-netic pulse signal is mainly concentrated in the low frequency region below 40 MHz.
Since it is important to judge the metal bridge wire completely detonated whether or not in the metal bridge wire explo-sion experiment,a method was proposed to judge the detonation state of the bridge wire by the electromagnetic pulse radiation effect. The electromagnetic pulse signal of the metal bridge wire during the detonation process was measured by the antenna,while the measured electromagnetic pulse signal was analyzed to judge the bridge wire detonation status. The electromagnetic pulse signal shows that the electromagnetic pulse generated by the complete detonation and the incomplete detonation state,has a significant difference in duration and radiation spectrum. When the bridge wire is completely detonated,the electromagnet-ic signal duration in the intrinsic explosion phase is short,and the electromagnetic signal generated in the plasma phase lasts long. The electromagnetic pulse signal includes high frequency electromagnetic radiation of 90 MHz to 100 MHz. When the bridge wire is not completely detonated,the electromagnetic signal generated during the intrinsic explosion phase lasts for a long time,while the electromagnetic signal generated during the plasma phase has a short duration. The frequency of the electromag-netic pulse signal is mainly concentrated in the low frequency region below 40 MHz.
引文
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[16]赵军平,张乔根,周庆,等.铝丝电爆炸过程的光学诊断[J].强激光与粒子束,2012,24(3):544-548.ZHAO Jun-ping,ZHANG Qiao-gen,ZHOU Qing,et al. Opti-cal diagnosis of electrical explosion process of aluminum wire[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2012,24(3):544-548.
[2]李志鹏,张攀军,吕子剑,等.爆炸桥丝火工品的高压静电放电响应[J].含能材料,2015,23(6):578-582.LI Zhi-peng,ZHANG Pan-jun,LüZi-jian,et al. Response to high voltage electrostatic discharge for exploding bridgewire detonators[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2015,23(6):578-582.
[3]赵彦,曾庆轩,梁琦.电爆炸桥箔电导率模型研究[J].兵工学报,2008,29(8):902-906.ZHAO-Yan,ZENG Qing-xuan,LIANG-Qi. Study of theoreti-cal model for conductivity of electric exploding foil[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2008,29(8):902-906.
[4]于鸿源,严楠,陈树肖,等.基于电路仿真的桥丝式电火工品静电危害预测[J].含能材料,2015,23(7):682-687.YU Hong-yuan,YAN-Nan,CHEN Shu-xiao,et al.Electrostatic hazard prediction of bridge wire electro explosive device based on the circuit simulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Energet-ic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2015,23(7):682-687.
[5]李志鹏,文雯,吕子剑,等.静电放电对爆炸桥丝火工品作用性能影响研究[J].火工品,2014(3):6-9.LI Zhi-peng,WEN Wen,LüZi-jian,et al. Research on the ef-fect of ESD on the performance of EBW[J]. Initiators&Pyro-technics,2014(3):6-9.
[6]奥成刚,任炜,白颖伟,等.某桥丝电雷管抗高过载性能检测与加固设计[J].含能材料,2012,20(3):349-354.AO Cheng-gang,REN-Wei,BAI Ying-wei,et al. Performance determination and structure reinforced design of detonator in high acceleration overload environments[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2012,20(3):349-354.
[7]李涛,傅华,谭多望,等.金属桥丝电爆炸及飞片驱动过程的计算[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(1):70-74.LI-tao,FU-hua,TAN Duo-wang,et al. Calculation of metal bridge foil electric explosion and flying blade driving process[J]. Explosion and Shock,2010,30(1):70-74.
[8]朱进初,吴志勇.爆炸桥丝起爆系统及其应用[J].测井与射孔,2008(2):76-78.ZHU Jin-chu,WU Zhi-yong. Explosive bridge wire detonation system and its application[J]. Logging and Perforating,2008(2):76-78.
[9]褚恩义,任西,钱勇,等.爆炸箔冲击片起爆设计参数研究[J].火工品,2008(3):26-27.ZHU En-yi,REN Xi,QIAN Yong,et al. Study on design pa-rameters of explosive foil impactor detonation[J]. Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2008(3):26-27.
[10]谭迎新,张景林,谭汝媚.飞片冲击起爆炸药的爆炸判据研究[J].中北大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(5):348-350.TAN Ying-xin,ZHANG Jing-lin,TAN Ru-mei. Study on the ex-plosion criterion of flyer[J]. Journal of North University of Chi-na,2005,26(5):348-350.
[11]王窈,孙秀娟,郭菲,等. Al/Ni爆炸箔电爆特性及驱动飞片能力研究[J].火工品,2016(3):5-8.WANG Yao,SUN Xiu-juan,GUO Fei,et al. Study on electri-cal characteristic and flyer driven ability of NI/Ni exploding foil[J]. Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2016(3):5-8.
[12] YANG Jin-wen,LI Ting-shuai,YI Tao,et al. Electromagnetic pulses generated from laser target interactions at shenguang II laser facility[J]. Plasma Science and Technology,2016,18(10):1044-1048.
[13]黄娜,唐洪佩,黄寅生,等.冲击片雷管爆炸箔的制备与电爆炸性能[J].含能材料,2014(4):514-520.HUANG Na, TANG Hong-pei, HUANG Yin-sheng, et al.Preparation and electrical performance of exploding foil in slapper detonator[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2014(4):514-520.
[14]李业勋.金属丝电爆炸机理及特性研究[D].绵阳:中国工程物理研究院,2002.LI Ye-xun. Study on the mechanism and characteristics of elec-trically exploding wire[D]. China Academy of Engineering Physics,2002.
[15]曾庆轩,袁士伟,罗承沐,等.新型电爆炸箔系统电压对爆发电流影响的实验研究[J].火工品,2002(1):41-42.ZENG Qing-xuan, YUAN Shi-wei, LUO Cheng-mu, et al.Study to the effect of the voltage of a new type of exploding foil initiator system to firing current[J]. Initiators&Pyrotech-nics,2002(1):41-42.
[16]赵军平,张乔根,周庆,等.铝丝电爆炸过程的光学诊断[J].强激光与粒子束,2012,24(3):544-548.ZHAO Jun-ping,ZHANG Qiao-gen,ZHOU Qing,et al. Opti-cal diagnosis of electrical explosion process of aluminum wire[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2012,24(3):544-548.