耕地破碎化与区域贫困空间格局及耦合协调发展研究——以百色市田阳县贫困村为例
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摘要
鉴于精准化理念是精准扶贫思想的核心要义,本文以较小的评价单元村级为研究单位,使研究结果更为精细。在构建耕地破碎化及区域贫困评价体系基础上,利用空间相关性模型进行空间分异分析,绘制耕地破碎化-区域贫困散点图进行相关性分析,借鉴物理容量概念与容量耦合系数模型,建立耕地破碎化与区域贫困耦合关联评价体系,引入耦合协调度模型,对百色市田阳县52个贫困村2015年耕地破碎化与区域贫困空间格局及两子系统的耦合协调发展进行实证分析。结果表明:(1)区域贫困与耕地破碎化空间分布规律有差异;耕地破碎化程度总体较高,空间分异东部耕地破碎化较严重,西部耕地破碎化较轻微,耕地破碎化Moran’s I指数为0.210,空间正相关,存在集聚现象;区域贫困程度空间分异东部与西部的区域贫困程度较高,中部地区贫困度较低,区域贫困程度未通过Moran’s I指数检验,空间集聚现象不显著。(2)耕地破碎化与区域贫困具有一定空间相关性,大部分行政村散点落在耕地破碎化-区域贫困散点图的Ⅳ-Ⅰ与Ⅴ-Ⅰ区域内,其耕地破碎化程度较高但区域贫困度较低,耕作条件相对滞后。(3)耕地破碎化与区域贫困耦合协调发展类型从高度协调(Ⅰ)到临界失调(Ⅵ)跨越六个等级。耦合协调发展度Moran’s I指数为0.129,空间正相关性,存在集聚现象。
In view of precision being the core of the concept of precision poverty alleviation,this paper takes the smaller evaluation unit as the research unit at village level,which makes the research results more precise.Based on the construction of farmland fragmentation and regional poverty evaluation system,the spatial correlation model was used to analyze the spatial difference,and the fragmentation regional poverty scatter plots were drawn to analyze the correlation,using the coupling coefficient concept of physical capacity and capacity model,establishment of cultivated land fragmentation and regional poverty coupling evaluation system,and introducing the coupled coordination model,to empirically analyze the spatial pattern of farmland fragmentation and regional poverty and the coupling coordination development of two subsystems of Tianyang 52 poor villages in Baise in 2015.The results show that:(1)the regional poverty and the fragmentation of cultivated land spatial distribution pattern is different;the farmland fragmentation degree is high,the spatial differentiation of farmland fragmentation is serious in eastern part,and it is relatively minor in western area.The fragmentation of cultivated land Moran's I index is 0.210,the space is related to existing agglomeration.The spatial difference of regional poverty degree is characterized by higher degree of regional poverty in East and West,lower poverty degree in central region,regional poverty level does not pass Moran's I index test and the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration is not significant.2.The fragmentation of cultivated land and regional poverty has a certain spatial correlation.Scattered point of most villages is on the farmland fragmentation part in regional poverty plotⅣ-Ⅰ and Ⅴ-Ⅰarea.The cultivated land fragmentation degree is higher but the regional poverty degree is relatively low,in relatively backward farming conditions.3.The coordinated development types of cultivated land fragmentation and regional poverty range from highly coordinated(I)to critical imbalance(VI),spanning six grades.Moran's I index is 0.129,spatial positive correlation exists and so does agglomeration phenomenon.
In view of precision being the core of the concept of precision poverty alleviation,this paper takes the smaller evaluation unit as the research unit at village level,which makes the research results more precise.Based on the construction of farmland fragmentation and regional poverty evaluation system,the spatial correlation model was used to analyze the spatial difference,and the fragmentation regional poverty scatter plots were drawn to analyze the correlation,using the coupling coefficient concept of physical capacity and capacity model,establishment of cultivated land fragmentation and regional poverty coupling evaluation system,and introducing the coupled coordination model,to empirically analyze the spatial pattern of farmland fragmentation and regional poverty and the coupling coordination development of two subsystems of Tianyang 52 poor villages in Baise in 2015.The results show that:(1)the regional poverty and the fragmentation of cultivated land spatial distribution pattern is different;the farmland fragmentation degree is high,the spatial differentiation of farmland fragmentation is serious in eastern part,and it is relatively minor in western area.The fragmentation of cultivated land Moran's I index is 0.210,the space is related to existing agglomeration.The spatial difference of regional poverty degree is characterized by higher degree of regional poverty in East and West,lower poverty degree in central region,regional poverty level does not pass Moran's I index test and the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration is not significant.2.The fragmentation of cultivated land and regional poverty has a certain spatial correlation.Scattered point of most villages is on the farmland fragmentation part in regional poverty plotⅣ-Ⅰ and Ⅴ-Ⅰarea.The cultivated land fragmentation degree is higher but the regional poverty degree is relatively low,in relatively backward farming conditions.3.The coordinated development types of cultivated land fragmentation and regional poverty range from highly coordinated(I)to critical imbalance(VI),spanning six grades.Moran's I index is 0.129,spatial positive correlation exists and so does agglomeration phenomenon.
引文
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[2]冯星光,张晓静.贫困测度指标及其评价[J].统计与信息论坛,2006,21(3):22-26.
[3]胡业翠,方玉东,刘彦随.广西喀斯特山区贫困化综合评价及空间分布特征[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2008,18(06):192-197.
[4]由畅,周永斌,于丽芬.景观破碎化数量分析方法概述[J].林业科学,2006,22(05):146-151.
[5]刘彦随,邓旭升,胡业翠.广西喀斯特山区土地石漠化与扶贫开发探析[J].资源与产业,2006,24(02):228-233.
[6]胡业翠,方玉东,江文亚.广西喀斯特石漠化与贫困化空间相关性及互动效应研究[J].资源与产业,2009,11(05):105-110.
[7]袁冬梅,魏后凯,于斌.中国地区经济差距与产业布局的空间关联性——基于Moran指数的解释[J].中国软科学,2012(12):90-102
[8]朗腾苏布达.内蒙古自治区土地利用结构变化与地区贫困研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2008.
[9]白彩全.省域金融集聚与生态效率耦合协调发展研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(09):1-6.
[10]韦燕飞,李莹,童新华.左右江革命老区耕地破碎化及空间集聚格局分析[J].国土资源科技管理,2016,33(05):9-15.
[11]TOBLER W R.A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region[J].Economic geography,1970,46(02):234-240.
[12]Anselin L.Local indicators of spatial association-LISA[J].Geographical analysis,1995,27(02):93-115.
[13]宋超山,马俊杰,杨风,等.城市化与资源环境系统耦合研究——以西安市为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(05):85-90.