新疆和田地区维吾尔族公职人员健康知识知晓情况调查
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摘要
[目的]了解新疆和田地区居民健康知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为提高少数民族健康素养、做好该区域"全民健康"推进工作提供卫生决策参考。[方法]采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取和田市企事业单位的1400名维吾尔族公职人员进行问卷调查,利用二分类Logistic回归方法分析影响因素。[结果]调查对象的健康知识知晓率为17. 4%,其中:科学健康观知识知晓率为31. 87%、传染病预防知识知晓率为45. 64%、健康信息知识知晓率为50. 33%、安全与急救知识知晓率为58. 53%、慢性病预防知识知晓率为6. 37%、基本医疗知识知晓率为46. 91%。单因素分析显示:不同性别、年龄、文化程度和家庭月收入的调查对象健康知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。多因素Logistic回归方法分析显示,影响该地区调查对象健康知识知晓率的主要因素分别是性别(OR=2. 102)、年龄(OR=0. 494)、文化程度(OR=1. 634)、月收入(OR=1. 324)、户籍类型(OR=0. 457)。[结论]新疆和田市企事业单位的维吾尔族公职人员的健康知识知晓水平较低,应该根据不同人群的健康知识知晓情况针对性地制定和开展健康教育和健康促进策略,以便有效提高居民健康知识知晓水平。
Objective To understand awareness status of residents' health knowledge and its influencing factors in Hetian area of Xinjiang so as to provide health decision reference for improving health literacy of minority nationalities,and completing promoting working of"universal health"in this area. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1400 Uygur public servants from enterprises and institutions in Hetian City by stratified random sampling,and the influencing factors were analyzed by two-class logistic regression method. Results The awareness rate of residents' health knowledge was 17. 4%,in which the awareness rates of scientific health concept knowledge,infectious disease prevention knowledge,health information knowledge,safety and first aid knowledge,chronic disease prevention knowledge and basic medical knowledge were 31. 87%,45. 64%,50. 33%,58. 53%,6. 37% and 46. 91% respectively. Single factor analysis showed that there was statistical significance in difference in health knowledge awareness rate among different gender,age,educational level and family monthly income respondents( P < 0. 05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that main factors of influencing health knowledge awareness rate in the respondents were gender( OR = 2. 102),age( OR = 0. 494),educational level( OR = 1. 634),monthly income( OR = 1. 324),household registration type( OR = 0. 457). Conclusions Health knowledge awareness level of Uygur public servants from enterprises and institutions in Hetian City of Xinjiang is low. We should formulate and carry out health education and health promotion strategies in pertinence according to health knowledge awareness status in different groups,so as to effectively improve resident' health knowledge awareness level.
Objective To understand awareness status of residents' health knowledge and its influencing factors in Hetian area of Xinjiang so as to provide health decision reference for improving health literacy of minority nationalities,and completing promoting working of"universal health"in this area. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1400 Uygur public servants from enterprises and institutions in Hetian City by stratified random sampling,and the influencing factors were analyzed by two-class logistic regression method. Results The awareness rate of residents' health knowledge was 17. 4%,in which the awareness rates of scientific health concept knowledge,infectious disease prevention knowledge,health information knowledge,safety and first aid knowledge,chronic disease prevention knowledge and basic medical knowledge were 31. 87%,45. 64%,50. 33%,58. 53%,6. 37% and 46. 91% respectively. Single factor analysis showed that there was statistical significance in difference in health knowledge awareness rate among different gender,age,educational level and family monthly income respondents( P < 0. 05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that main factors of influencing health knowledge awareness rate in the respondents were gender( OR = 2. 102),age( OR = 0. 494),educational level( OR = 1. 634),monthly income( OR = 1. 324),household registration type( OR = 0. 457). Conclusions Health knowledge awareness level of Uygur public servants from enterprises and institutions in Hetian City of Xinjiang is low. We should formulate and carry out health education and health promotion strategies in pertinence according to health knowledge awareness status in different groups,so as to effectively improve resident' health knowledge awareness level.
引文
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[2]聂雪琼,李英华,李莉. 2012年中国居民健康素养监测数据统计分析方法[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(2):178-181.
[3]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.我国公民健康素养达到10. 25%[EB/OL].(2016-12-13)[2017-02-12]. http://www. nhf-pc. gov. cn/xcs/s3582/201612/1c81b23264df4880829263b18a2f0947. shtml.
[4]刘礼荣,孙吉玲,徐碧新,等. 2016年新疆伊宁市居民健康素养调查[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(4):6-9,17.
[5]肖瓅,马昱,李英华,等.中国城乡居民健康素养状况及影响因素研究[J].中国健康教育,2009,25(5):323-326.
[6]刘兆炜,李志新,张继昌,等. 2012年四川省15~69岁居民健康水平调查分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):209-212.
[7]陆一鸣,康国荣,王力,等. 2013年甘肃省城乡居民健康素养现状分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(2):99-103.
[8]CANADIAN COUNCIL ON LEARNING. Health Literacy in Canada:A Healthy Understanding[R]. Ottawa:Ontario,2008.
[9]张辉,兰彩虹,王先化,等.新疆南疆住村干部健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(4):1-5.
[10]孔都孜·谢尔扎提,欧阳静,米娜尔·哈布德力.新疆哈密市伊州区居民健康知识知晓情况及其影响因素调查[J].卫生软科学,2018,32(5):62-65.
[11]王悦.电视传媒在健康知识传播中的作用[J].中国健康教育,2007,(11):878-879.