新疆奇台110米射电望远镜主焦点馈源换馈方案研究
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摘要
随着射电天文研究的不断深入,科学家对望远镜分辨率和灵敏度的要求也不断提高,同时要求望远镜具有更宽的观测波段。单口径望远镜低频波段用主焦点接收,馈源尺寸可以更紧凑。为了不影响双反射面天线次焦点的馈电功能,主焦点馈源的放置及换馈方案必须高效合理。以建于新疆奇台的110 m口径全可动射电望远镜为研究对象,以意大利SRT 64 m和德国Effelsberg 100 m射电望远镜为参考,对两种方案应用于奇台110 m射电望远镜的可行性进行分析,并提出一种利用线性模组进行主焦馈源快速切换的新型方案。进行了直线模组机构的建模和仿真,并对口径面信号遮挡进行了分析,结果表明,此方案能有效满足望远镜的工作需求。
With the rapid development of radio astronomy research,the requirements to the sensitivity and resolution of telescopes,as well as wider observing band,constantly grow. The low frequency receivers are usually installed at the primary focus of the telescope so that the feed horns are smaller and lighter. The switching system of prime focus receivers must be effective and compact to avoid affecting normal use of the receivers on the secondary focus. A steerable 100 m aperture radio telescope is supposed to be built in Qitai,Xinjiang( Qi Tai radio Telescope,QTT). This paper introduces a new solution of the switching system for the QTT primary focus receivers by using a linear module. Through the modeling and simulation of this scheme,and analyzing of the aperture interception to the observing signals,it is shown that our design well satisfies the efficiency requirement of QTT.
With the rapid development of radio astronomy research,the requirements to the sensitivity and resolution of telescopes,as well as wider observing band,constantly grow. The low frequency receivers are usually installed at the primary focus of the telescope so that the feed horns are smaller and lighter. The switching system of prime focus receivers must be effective and compact to avoid affecting normal use of the receivers on the secondary focus. A steerable 100 m aperture radio telescope is supposed to be built in Qitai,Xinjiang( Qi Tai radio Telescope,QTT). This paper introduces a new solution of the switching system for the QTT primary focus receivers by using a linear module. Through the modeling and simulation of this scheme,and analyzing of the aperture interception to the observing signals,it is shown that our design well satisfies the efficiency requirement of QTT.
引文
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[11]肖明,王娜,刘志勇.大气折射对射电望远镜高精度指向的影响[J].天文研究与技术,2016,13(1):44-51.Xiao Ming,Wang Na,Liu Zhiyong.Atmospheric refractions and radio telescope pointing corrections[J].Astronomical Research&Technology,2016,13(1):44-51.
[12]项斌斌,刘志勇,杨文军.基于FS系统对乌鲁木齐VLBI射电望远镜进行天线测量[J].天文研究与技术——国家天文台台刊,2014,11(4):343-349.Xiang Binbin,Liu Zhiyong,Yang Wenjun.Measurement of the antenna characteristics of the VLBI radio telescope of the Urumqi station[J].Astronomical Research&Technology——Publications of National Astronomical Observatories of China,2014,11(4):343-349.
[2]Nan Rendong,Li Di,Jin Chengjin,et al.The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST)project[J].International Journal of Modern Physics D,2011,20:989-1024.
[3]王娜.新疆奇台110米射电望远镜[J].中国科学:物理学力学天文学,2014,44(8):783-794.Wang Na.Xinjiang Qitai 110m radio telescope(in Chinese)[J].Scientia Sinica:Physica,Mechanica&Astronomica,2014,44(8):783-794.
[4]Wilson T L,Rohlfs K,Hüttemeister S.Tools of radio astronomy[M].Berlin:Spriger-Verlag,2009:177-179.
[5]Wielebinski R,Junkes N,Grahl B H.The Effelsberg 100 radio telescope:construction and forty years of radio astronomy[J].Journal of Astronomy History and Heritage,2011,14(1):3-21.
[6]Prestage R M,Constantikes K T,Hunter T R,et al.The green bank telescope[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2009,97(8):1382-1390.
[7]Olmi L,Grueff G.SRT:design and technical specifications[J].Memoriedella SocietàAstronomica Italiana Supplement,2006,10:19-24.
[8]成大先.机械设计手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:1244-1247.
[9]朱钟淦,叶尚辉.天线结构设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1980:221-222.
[10]银秋华,周建寨.反射面天线增益的快速估算[J].无线电通信技术,2013,39(4):50-52.Yin Qiuhua,Zhou Jianzhai.Quick estimation the gain of reflector antenna[J].Radio Communications Technology,2013,39(4):50-52.
[11]肖明,王娜,刘志勇.大气折射对射电望远镜高精度指向的影响[J].天文研究与技术,2016,13(1):44-51.Xiao Ming,Wang Na,Liu Zhiyong.Atmospheric refractions and radio telescope pointing corrections[J].Astronomical Research&Technology,2016,13(1):44-51.
[12]项斌斌,刘志勇,杨文军.基于FS系统对乌鲁木齐VLBI射电望远镜进行天线测量[J].天文研究与技术——国家天文台台刊,2014,11(4):343-349.Xiang Binbin,Liu Zhiyong,Yang Wenjun.Measurement of the antenna characteristics of the VLBI radio telescope of the Urumqi station[J].Astronomical Research&Technology——Publications of National Astronomical Observatories of China,2014,11(4):343-349.