应力波和阻抗仪技术在古建筑木结构检测中的应用
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摘要
采用应力波微秒计和阻抗仪对贵州某村落的四栋单体古建筑中部分木构件进行无损检测,获得了古建筑木构件的顺纹动弹性模量、弹性模量残损率、剩余强度和腐朽分布等各项指标。结果表明:联合采用应力波微秒计和阻抗仪可以有效地测定古建筑木构件的腐朽和虫蛀等残损情况。实现了从传统的目测鉴别到定量评价,为古建筑木结构的安全评估、维护和修缮提供理论依据和技术支撑。
Stress wave and resistograph are used in the non-destructive testing for some wooden components from four ancient buildings in a village of Guizhou province. The modulus of elasticity parallel to grain, residual loss rate of the modulus of elasticity, residual strength and decay distribution of ancient wooden structure members are computed. The results show that the combination of stress wave and resistograph are reliable tools to evaluate the decadent and worm damages of wooden members in ancient buildings. As a result, the utilized technics here realize the transition from traditional visual identification to quantitative evaluation and provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the safety assessment, maintenance and repair of ancient timber structures.
Stress wave and resistograph are used in the non-destructive testing for some wooden components from four ancient buildings in a village of Guizhou province. The modulus of elasticity parallel to grain, residual loss rate of the modulus of elasticity, residual strength and decay distribution of ancient wooden structure members are computed. The results show that the combination of stress wave and resistograph are reliable tools to evaluate the decadent and worm damages of wooden members in ancient buildings. As a result, the utilized technics here realize the transition from traditional visual identification to quantitative evaluation and provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the safety assessment, maintenance and repair of ancient timber structures.
引文
[1] 杨蒙.针对古建筑木构件内部缺陷无损检测适宜性方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2016Yang Meng. Study the suitability of the nondestructive detection methods of ancient wood internal defects[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2016(in Chinese)
[2] 段新芳,李玉栋,王平.无损检测技术在木材保护中的应用[J].木材工业,2002,(5):14-16Duan Xin-fang,Li Yu-dong, Wang Ping. Review of NDE technology as applied to wood preservation[J]. China Wood Industry, 2002,(5):14-16(in Chinese)
[3] Lee I D G. Ultrasonic pilse velocity testing considered as a safety measure for timber structures [A]. Proceedings of second symposium on nondestructive testing of wood[C]. Spokane: Washington State University,1964:185-205
[4] Rinn F, Schweingruber F H, schar E. Resistograph and X-ray density charts of wood: comparative evaluation of drill resistance profiles and X-ray density charts of different wood species[J]. Holzforschung (Internal Journal of Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Wood), 1996, 50(4): 303-311
[5] 段新芳,王平,周冠武,高超英.应力波技术检测古建筑木构件残余弹性模量的初步研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(1):112-114Duan Xin-fang, Wang Ping, Zhou Guan-wu, et al. Nondestructive evaluation of dynamic MOE of ancient wooden structure members by stress wave method[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2007,22(1):112-114(in Chinese)
[6] 安源,殷亚方,姜笑梅,等.应力波和阻抗仪技术勘查木结构立柱腐朽分布[J].建筑材料学报,2008,(4):457-463An Yuan, Yin Ya-fang, Jiang Xiao-mei, et al.Inspection of decay distribution in wood column by stress wave and resistograph techniques[J].Journal of Building Materials,2008,(4):457-463(in Chinese)
[7] 张晋,王亚超,许清风,等.基于无损检测的超役黄杉和杉木构件的剩余强度分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(12):3864-3870Zhang Jin,Wang Ya-chao, Xu Qing-feng, et al.Residual strength of service-beyond wood members of douglas fir and cedarwood using non-destructive testing[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2011,42(12):3864-3870(in Chinese)
[8] 戴俭,常丽红,钱威,等.古建筑木构件内部缺陷无损检测的方法与应用研究[J].建筑学报,2017,(2):7-10 Dai Jian, Chang Li-hong, Qian Wei,et al.A study on the non-destructive methods of testing internal and external defects of wooden components of historical buildings[J]. Architectural Journal,2017,(2):7-10(in Chinese)
[9] 谢云中,周真刚.贵州土家五柱四瓜木房建筑的美学特征与民俗文化[J].贵州民族研究,2014,35(7):68-72Xie Yun-zhong, Zhou Zhen-gang. The aesthetic characteristics and folk-customs offive-pillar four-melon wood buildings intujia ethnic minority of Guizhou provinces[J].Guizhou Ethnic Studies, 2014,35(7):68-72(in Chinese)
[10] 木结构设计手册编辑委员会.木结构设计手册(第3版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005Manual for Design of Wood Structures. Editorial board of design manual of wood structures(3rd ed)[M]. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2005(in Chinese)
[11] Divos F, Tanaka, T. Lumber strength estimation by multiple regression[J]. Holzforschung,1997,51:467-471
[12] 尚大军,段新芳,杨中平.应力波无损检测技术及其在木结构古建筑保护中的应用[J].世界林业研究,2008,(2):44-48Shang Da-jun,Duan Xin-fang,Yang Zhong-ping. Stress wave nondestructive testing technology and its applicationin ancient wood architectures′ protection[J].World Forestry Research,2008,(2):44-48(in Chinese)
[2] 段新芳,李玉栋,王平.无损检测技术在木材保护中的应用[J].木材工业,2002,(5):14-16Duan Xin-fang,Li Yu-dong, Wang Ping. Review of NDE technology as applied to wood preservation[J]. China Wood Industry, 2002,(5):14-16(in Chinese)
[3] Lee I D G. Ultrasonic pilse velocity testing considered as a safety measure for timber structures [A]. Proceedings of second symposium on nondestructive testing of wood[C]. Spokane: Washington State University,1964:185-205
[4] Rinn F, Schweingruber F H, schar E. Resistograph and X-ray density charts of wood: comparative evaluation of drill resistance profiles and X-ray density charts of different wood species[J]. Holzforschung (Internal Journal of Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Wood), 1996, 50(4): 303-311
[5] 段新芳,王平,周冠武,高超英.应力波技术检测古建筑木构件残余弹性模量的初步研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(1):112-114Duan Xin-fang, Wang Ping, Zhou Guan-wu, et al. Nondestructive evaluation of dynamic MOE of ancient wooden structure members by stress wave method[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2007,22(1):112-114(in Chinese)
[6] 安源,殷亚方,姜笑梅,等.应力波和阻抗仪技术勘查木结构立柱腐朽分布[J].建筑材料学报,2008,(4):457-463An Yuan, Yin Ya-fang, Jiang Xiao-mei, et al.Inspection of decay distribution in wood column by stress wave and resistograph techniques[J].Journal of Building Materials,2008,(4):457-463(in Chinese)
[7] 张晋,王亚超,许清风,等.基于无损检测的超役黄杉和杉木构件的剩余强度分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(12):3864-3870Zhang Jin,Wang Ya-chao, Xu Qing-feng, et al.Residual strength of service-beyond wood members of douglas fir and cedarwood using non-destructive testing[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2011,42(12):3864-3870(in Chinese)
[8] 戴俭,常丽红,钱威,等.古建筑木构件内部缺陷无损检测的方法与应用研究[J].建筑学报,2017,(2):7-10 Dai Jian, Chang Li-hong, Qian Wei,et al.A study on the non-destructive methods of testing internal and external defects of wooden components of historical buildings[J]. Architectural Journal,2017,(2):7-10(in Chinese)
[9] 谢云中,周真刚.贵州土家五柱四瓜木房建筑的美学特征与民俗文化[J].贵州民族研究,2014,35(7):68-72Xie Yun-zhong, Zhou Zhen-gang. The aesthetic characteristics and folk-customs offive-pillar four-melon wood buildings intujia ethnic minority of Guizhou provinces[J].Guizhou Ethnic Studies, 2014,35(7):68-72(in Chinese)
[10] 木结构设计手册编辑委员会.木结构设计手册(第3版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005Manual for Design of Wood Structures. Editorial board of design manual of wood structures(3rd ed)[M]. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2005(in Chinese)
[11] Divos F, Tanaka, T. Lumber strength estimation by multiple regression[J]. Holzforschung,1997,51:467-471
[12] 尚大军,段新芳,杨中平.应力波无损检测技术及其在木结构古建筑保护中的应用[J].世界林业研究,2008,(2):44-48Shang Da-jun,Duan Xin-fang,Yang Zhong-ping. Stress wave nondestructive testing technology and its applicationin ancient wood architectures′ protection[J].World Forestry Research,2008,(2):44-48(in Chinese)