天山南麓库车晚新生代褶皱-冲断带
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摘要
库车褶皱冲断带位于天山南麓,由近东西走向的多条构造带组成。三叠系暗色泥岩、侏罗系煤层、古近系库姆格列木组膏盐层和新近系吉迪克组膏盐层构成库车褶皱冲断带的区域性主滑脱面。褶皱冲断带底面由北向南逐渐抬高。褶皱冲断带主体发育盖层滑脱-冲断构造(薄皮构造),基底卷入型冲断构造(厚皮构造)见于北缘的根带。新生界膏盐层之上构造变形以滑脱褶皱为特色,之下以冲断构造为特色。库车褶皱冲断带是印度-亚洲碰撞远程效应下,(南)天山晚新生代造山过程的产物。褶皱冲断带构造变形的动力来源主要是造山楔向塔里木盆地推进所形成的挤压构造应力。褶皱冲断带构造变形的起始时间为约23Ma,构造变形具有阶段式加速的特点,已经识别出约23Ma、约10Ma、5~2Ma和1~0Ma共4个变形加速期。褶皱冲断带的演化过程为前展式,褶皱冲断带前锋向南推进的同时,后缘持续变形。
Kuqa Late Cenozoic fold-thrust belt in the southern flank of Tianshan Mountains comprises of several structural zones trending E-W. Regional decollement faults are developed in the Triassic dark mudstone,Jurassic coal-bed Paleogene Kumugeliemu gypsum-salt and Neogene Jidike gypsum-salt. The bottom main decollement fault of the fold-thrust belt rises step by step southward.Cover decollement-thrust( thin skinned structure) developed in the major part of the belt,and basement-involved thrusts( thick skinned structure) can only be seen in the root zone at the north margin of the belt. The deformation above the Cenozoic gypsum-salt is characterized with decollement fold and that under the Cenozoic gypsum-salt is characterized with thrust. Kuqa fold-thrust belt was resulted after the Cenozoic( South) Tianshan Mountain building under the far-field effect of the India-Asia collision. The main force resource of the folding and thrusting is the compressive structural force induced by the southward propagation of the( South) Tianshan orogenic wedge. The folding and thrusting began since ca. 23 Ma,and then accelerated at ca. 10 Ma,5 ~ 2Ma and 1 ~ 0Ma. The evolution of Kuqa fold-thrust belt is in the way of forward propagation. While the front of the belt propagates southward,the hinter parts continue folding and thrusting.
Kuqa Late Cenozoic fold-thrust belt in the southern flank of Tianshan Mountains comprises of several structural zones trending E-W. Regional decollement faults are developed in the Triassic dark mudstone,Jurassic coal-bed Paleogene Kumugeliemu gypsum-salt and Neogene Jidike gypsum-salt. The bottom main decollement fault of the fold-thrust belt rises step by step southward.Cover decollement-thrust( thin skinned structure) developed in the major part of the belt,and basement-involved thrusts( thick skinned structure) can only be seen in the root zone at the north margin of the belt. The deformation above the Cenozoic gypsum-salt is characterized with decollement fold and that under the Cenozoic gypsum-salt is characterized with thrust. Kuqa fold-thrust belt was resulted after the Cenozoic( South) Tianshan Mountain building under the far-field effect of the India-Asia collision. The main force resource of the folding and thrusting is the compressive structural force induced by the southward propagation of the( South) Tianshan orogenic wedge. The folding and thrusting began since ca. 23 Ma,and then accelerated at ca. 10 Ma,5 ~ 2Ma and 1 ~ 0Ma. The evolution of Kuqa fold-thrust belt is in the way of forward propagation. While the front of the belt propagates southward,the hinter parts continue folding and thrusting.
引文
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Charreau J,Gilder S,Chen Y,Dominguez S,Avouac JP,Sen S,Jolivet M,Li Y and Wang W.2006.Magnetostratigraphy of the Yaha section,Tarim Basin(China):11Ma acceleration in erosion and uplift of the Tian Shan Mountains.Geology,Geological Society of America,34(3):157-160
Charreau J,Chen Y,Gilder S,Barrier L,Dominguez S,Augier R,Sen S,Avouac JP,Gallaud A,Graveleau F and Wang QC.2009.Neogene uplift of the Tian Shan Mountains observed in the magnetic record of the Jingou River section(Northwest China).Tectonics,28(2):TC2008,doi:10.1029/2007TC002137
DeC elles PG and Giles KA.1996.Foreland basin systems.Basin Research,8(2):105-123
Dickinson WR.1974.Plate tectonics and sedimentation.In:Dickinson WR(ed.).Tectonics and Sedimentation.Tulsa:Spec.Publs.Soc.Econ.Paleont.Miner.,22:1-27
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Li YJ,Yang HJ,Zhao Y,Luo JC,Zheng DM and Liu YL.2009.Tectonic framework and evolution of South Tianshan,NW China.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,33(1):94-104(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li YJ,Zhang Q,Zhang GY,Yang HJ,Yang XZ,Shi J,Neng Y,Chen YG and Wen L.2015.Late Cenozoic transtensional fault belt discovered on the boundary of the Awati Sag in the northwestern Tarim Basin.Int.J.Earth Sci.,104(5):1253-1265
Liu ZH,Lu HF,Li XJ et al.2000.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin.Scientia Geologica Sinica,35(4):482-492(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu HF,Howell DG,Jia D,Cai DS,Wu SM,Chen CM,Valin ZC and Shi YS.1994.Rejuvenation of the Kuqa foreland basin,northern flank of the Tarim basin,Northwest China.Int.Geol.Rev.,36(12):1151-1158
Miao JJ.2002.Structural style identification and oil&gas evaluation of Quilitak anticline belt in Kuqa foreland basin.Master Degree Thesis.Beijing:Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroC hina,8-19(in Chinese)
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1975.Cenozoic tectonics of Asia:Effects of a continental collision.Science,189(4201):419-426
Sobel ER and Dumitru TA.1997.Thrusting and exhumation around the margins of the western Tarim basin during India-Asia collision.Journal of Geophysical Research,102(B3):5043-5063
Sun LD,Li YJ,Song WJ,Tian ZJ,Wang GL and Wu GH.2002.Tectonics and oil-gas distribution in North Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Journal of Geology,37(Suppl.):1-13(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1977.Active faulting and tectonics in China.Journal of Geophysical Research,82(20):2905-2930
Tapponnier P,Peltzer G and Armijo R.1986.On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia.In:Coward MP and Ries AC(eds.).Collision Tectonics.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,19(1):113-157
Tian ZJ,Hu JY and Song JG.2000.Tectonic framework and petroleum system of Kuqa foreland basin,Tarim.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,21(5):379-383(in Chinese with English abstract)
Windley BF,Allen MB,Zhang C,Zhao ZY and Wang GR.1990.Paleozoic accretion and Cenozoic deformation of the Chinese Tien Shan Range,Central Asia.Geology,18(2):128-131
Yang HJ,Li YJ,Shi J,Xiao AC,Huang SY,Wu GY,Wang HS,Wang X,Zhao Y and Liu YL.2010.Tectonic characteristics of the Late Cenozoic south Tianshan fold-thrust belt.Quaternary Sciences,30(5):1030-1043(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang LS and Zhong DL.1996.The Red River strike-slip shear zone and Cenozoic tectonics of east continent.Scientia Geologica Sinica,31(4):327-342(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Y,Li YJ,Sun LD,Zheng DM,Liu YL,Wang DX,Wei HX and Guan WS.2012.Mesozoic-Cenozoic extensional structure in North uplift of Tarim basin and its genetic discussion.Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(8):2557-2568(in Chinese with English abstract)
管树巍,李本亮,何登发,汪新,Suppe J,雷刚林.2007.晚新生代以来天山南、北麓冲断作用的定量分析.地质学报,81(6):725-744
郭令智,施央申,卢华复等.1992.印藏碰撞的两种远距离效应.见:李清波,戴金星,刘如琦,李继亮主编.现代地质学研究文集(上).南京:南京大学出版社,1-8
李曰俊,宋文杰,买光荣,周黎霞,胡剑风,尚新路.2001.库车前陆盆地、北塔里木前陆盆地及其与南天山造山带的耦合关系.新疆石油地质,22(5):376-381
李曰俊,杨海军,赵岩,罗俊成,郑多明,刘亚雷.2009.南天山区域大地构造格局与演化.大地构造与成矿学,33(1):94-104
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建等.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482-492
苗继军.2002.库车前陆盆地秋里塔格构造带构造样式解析及含油气性评价.硕士学位论文.北京:中国石油勘探开发研究院,8-19
孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,田作基,王国林,邬光辉.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律.地质科学,37(增刊):1-13
田作基,胡见义,宋建国.2000.塔里木库车前陆盆地构造格架和含油气系统.新疆石油地质,21(5):379-383
杨海军,李曰俊,师骏,肖安成,黄少英,吴根耀,王怀盛,王霞,赵岩,刘亚雷.2010.南天山晚新生代褶皱冲断带构造特征.第四纪研究,30(5):1030-1043
张连生,钟大赉.1996.从红河剪切带走滑运动看东亚大陆新生代构造.地质科学,31(4):327-342
赵岩,李曰俊,孙龙德,郑多明,刘亚雷,王道轩,魏红兴,管文胜.2012.塔里木盆地塔北隆起中-新生界伸展构造及其成因探讨.岩石学报,28(8):2557-2568
Avouac JP and Tapponnier P.1993.Kinematic model of active deformation in Central Asia.Geophys.Res.Lett.,20(10):895-898
Charreau J,Gilder S,Chen Y,Dominguez S,Avouac JP,Sen S,Jolivet M,Li Y and Wang W.2006.Magnetostratigraphy of the Yaha section,Tarim Basin(China):11Ma acceleration in erosion and uplift of the Tian Shan Mountains.Geology,Geological Society of America,34(3):157-160
Charreau J,Chen Y,Gilder S,Barrier L,Dominguez S,Augier R,Sen S,Avouac JP,Gallaud A,Graveleau F and Wang QC.2009.Neogene uplift of the Tian Shan Mountains observed in the magnetic record of the Jingou River section(Northwest China).Tectonics,28(2):TC2008,doi:10.1029/2007TC002137
DeC elles PG and Giles KA.1996.Foreland basin systems.Basin Research,8(2):105-123
Dickinson WR.1974.Plate tectonics and sedimentation.In:Dickinson WR(ed.).Tectonics and Sedimentation.Tulsa:Spec.Publs.Soc.Econ.Paleont.Miner.,22:1-27
Guan SW,Li BL,He Df,Wang X,Suppe J and Lei GL.2007.Late Cenozoic active fold-and-thrust belts in the southern and northern flanks of Tianshan.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(6):725-744(in Chinese with English abstract)
Guo LZ,Shi YS,Lu HF et al.1992.Two kinds of far field effect by collision of Indian and Qingzang tectonic plates.In:Li QB,Dai JX,Liu RQ and Li JL(eds.).Symposium of the Researches on Modern Geology(Volume I).Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1-8(in Chinese)
Li YJ,Song WJ,Mai GR,Zhou LX,Hu JF and Shang XL.2001.Kuqa foreland basin,northern Tarim foreland basin and their coupling relationship.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,22(5):376-381(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li YJ,Yang HJ,Zhao Y,Luo JC,Zheng DM and Liu YL.2009.Tectonic framework and evolution of South Tianshan,NW China.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,33(1):94-104(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li YJ,Zhang Q,Zhang GY,Yang HJ,Yang XZ,Shi J,Neng Y,Chen YG and Wen L.2015.Late Cenozoic transtensional fault belt discovered on the boundary of the Awati Sag in the northwestern Tarim Basin.Int.J.Earth Sci.,104(5):1253-1265
Liu ZH,Lu HF,Li XJ et al.2000.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin.Scientia Geologica Sinica,35(4):482-492(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu HF,Howell DG,Jia D,Cai DS,Wu SM,Chen CM,Valin ZC and Shi YS.1994.Rejuvenation of the Kuqa foreland basin,northern flank of the Tarim basin,Northwest China.Int.Geol.Rev.,36(12):1151-1158
Miao JJ.2002.Structural style identification and oil&gas evaluation of Quilitak anticline belt in Kuqa foreland basin.Master Degree Thesis.Beijing:Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroC hina,8-19(in Chinese)
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1975.Cenozoic tectonics of Asia:Effects of a continental collision.Science,189(4201):419-426
Sobel ER and Dumitru TA.1997.Thrusting and exhumation around the margins of the western Tarim basin during India-Asia collision.Journal of Geophysical Research,102(B3):5043-5063
Sun LD,Li YJ,Song WJ,Tian ZJ,Wang GL and Wu GH.2002.Tectonics and oil-gas distribution in North Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Journal of Geology,37(Suppl.):1-13(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1977.Active faulting and tectonics in China.Journal of Geophysical Research,82(20):2905-2930
Tapponnier P,Peltzer G and Armijo R.1986.On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia.In:Coward MP and Ries AC(eds.).Collision Tectonics.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,19(1):113-157
Tian ZJ,Hu JY and Song JG.2000.Tectonic framework and petroleum system of Kuqa foreland basin,Tarim.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,21(5):379-383(in Chinese with English abstract)
Windley BF,Allen MB,Zhang C,Zhao ZY and Wang GR.1990.Paleozoic accretion and Cenozoic deformation of the Chinese Tien Shan Range,Central Asia.Geology,18(2):128-131
Yang HJ,Li YJ,Shi J,Xiao AC,Huang SY,Wu GY,Wang HS,Wang X,Zhao Y and Liu YL.2010.Tectonic characteristics of the Late Cenozoic south Tianshan fold-thrust belt.Quaternary Sciences,30(5):1030-1043(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang LS and Zhong DL.1996.The Red River strike-slip shear zone and Cenozoic tectonics of east continent.Scientia Geologica Sinica,31(4):327-342(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Y,Li YJ,Sun LD,Zheng DM,Liu YL,Wang DX,Wei HX and Guan WS.2012.Mesozoic-Cenozoic extensional structure in North uplift of Tarim basin and its genetic discussion.Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(8):2557-2568(in Chinese with English abstract)
管树巍,李本亮,何登发,汪新,Suppe J,雷刚林.2007.晚新生代以来天山南、北麓冲断作用的定量分析.地质学报,81(6):725-744
郭令智,施央申,卢华复等.1992.印藏碰撞的两种远距离效应.见:李清波,戴金星,刘如琦,李继亮主编.现代地质学研究文集(上).南京:南京大学出版社,1-8
李曰俊,宋文杰,买光荣,周黎霞,胡剑风,尚新路.2001.库车前陆盆地、北塔里木前陆盆地及其与南天山造山带的耦合关系.新疆石油地质,22(5):376-381
李曰俊,杨海军,赵岩,罗俊成,郑多明,刘亚雷.2009.南天山区域大地构造格局与演化.大地构造与成矿学,33(1):94-104
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建等.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482-492
苗继军.2002.库车前陆盆地秋里塔格构造带构造样式解析及含油气性评价.硕士学位论文.北京:中国石油勘探开发研究院,8-19
孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,田作基,王国林,邬光辉.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律.地质科学,37(增刊):1-13
田作基,胡见义,宋建国.2000.塔里木库车前陆盆地构造格架和含油气系统.新疆石油地质,21(5):379-383
杨海军,李曰俊,师骏,肖安成,黄少英,吴根耀,王怀盛,王霞,赵岩,刘亚雷.2010.南天山晚新生代褶皱冲断带构造特征.第四纪研究,30(5):1030-1043
张连生,钟大赉.1996.从红河剪切带走滑运动看东亚大陆新生代构造.地质科学,31(4):327-342
赵岩,李曰俊,孙龙德,郑多明,刘亚雷,王道轩,魏红兴,管文胜.2012.塔里木盆地塔北隆起中-新生界伸展构造及其成因探讨.岩石学报,28(8):2557-2568