肿瘤内科护士共情疲劳与人格特征的相关性研究
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摘要
目的了解肿瘤内科护士共情疲劳现状,探讨其与人格特征的关系。方法采用一般情况调查表、中文版专业生活品质量表、大五人格问卷简式版对大连市7所综合医院291名肿瘤内科护士进行调查,采用Pearson相关检验法分析共情疲劳与人格特征的相关性。结果 (1)肿瘤内科护士共情疲劳各维度得分分别为共情满足(34.79±5.87)分、二次创伤(24.75±5.20)分、倦怠(24.92±5.46)分。(2)相关分析结果显示:大五人格与共情疲劳各维度密切相关,其中宜人性、严谨性、开放性、外向性维度与共情满足成正相关(r=0.311～0.496,P<0.01),与倦怠成负相关(r=-0.304～-0.404,P<0.01);神经质人格与二次创伤、倦怠呈正相关(r=0.338～0.422,P<0.01),与共情满足呈负相关(r=-0.178,P<0.01)。结论肿瘤内科护士共情疲劳现象普遍,总体处于中度水平,而在不同人格特征的肿瘤内科护士中,神经质人格者最易出现共情疲劳。建议管理者应根据个体特有的人格特征,及早发现高危人群并积极进行干预,降低共情疲劳的发生,提高肿瘤护理的工作质量。
Objective To understand the status of compassion fatigue among oncology nurses, and to explore the relationship between compassion fatigue and personality traits. Methods We investigated 291 oncology nurses from 7 general hospitals of Dalian by using the general situation questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Professional Quality of Life and the Big Five Personality Test.The relationship between compassion fatigue and personality traits was analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Results The score of compassion satisfaction was 34.79±5.87; that of secondary trauma 24.75±5.20, and that of burnout 24.92±5.46. There was close relationship between the big five personality traits and the dimensions of compassion fatigue. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness and extroversion were positively related to compassion satisfaction(r=0.311～0.496, P<0.01), and negatively to burnout(r=-0.304～-0.404,P<0.01); neuroticism was positively related to secondary trauma and burnout(r=0.338～0.422, P<0.01), and negatively to compassion satisfaction(r=-0.178,P<0.01). Conclusion Compassion fatigue is a common phenomenon among medical oncology nurses, which is at a moderate level. Among nurses with different personality characteristics, those with neurotic personalities are most likely to have compassion fatigue. Early intervention based on different personal traits for high-risk population of compassion fatigue is critical for reducing the occurrence of compassion fatigue and improving the quality of cancer care.
Objective To understand the status of compassion fatigue among oncology nurses, and to explore the relationship between compassion fatigue and personality traits. Methods We investigated 291 oncology nurses from 7 general hospitals of Dalian by using the general situation questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Professional Quality of Life and the Big Five Personality Test.The relationship between compassion fatigue and personality traits was analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Results The score of compassion satisfaction was 34.79±5.87; that of secondary trauma 24.75±5.20, and that of burnout 24.92±5.46. There was close relationship between the big five personality traits and the dimensions of compassion fatigue. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness and extroversion were positively related to compassion satisfaction(r=0.311～0.496, P<0.01), and negatively to burnout(r=-0.304～-0.404,P<0.01); neuroticism was positively related to secondary trauma and burnout(r=0.338～0.422, P<0.01), and negatively to compassion satisfaction(r=-0.178,P<0.01). Conclusion Compassion fatigue is a common phenomenon among medical oncology nurses, which is at a moderate level. Among nurses with different personality characteristics, those with neurotic personalities are most likely to have compassion fatigue. Early intervention based on different personal traits for high-risk population of compassion fatigue is critical for reducing the occurrence of compassion fatigue and improving the quality of cancer care.
引文
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[22]张玥.大五人格、职业决策自我效能感与职业决策困难的关系研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2016.
[23]Wang Y,Yao L,Liu L,et al.The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy in the Relationship Between Big five Personality and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Unemployed Population:a Cross-sectional Study[J].BMC Psychiatry,2014,14:61.DOI:10.1186/1471-244X-14-61.本文编辑方玉桂
[2]田梅梅.护士共情疲劳研究现状[J].中国护理管理,2012,12(11):86-90.
[3]刘红敏,李天民,王可玲,等.山东省重症监护室护理人员职业倦怠与大五人格的相关性研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(7):995-996.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2012.07.039.
[4]代亚丽,吴静.新疆急诊和ICU护士人格特征应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性研究[J].护理学报,2011,18(17):4-7.DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2011.17.005.
[5]Adriaenssens J,De Gucht V,Maes S.Determinants and Prevalence of Burnout in Emergency Nurses:a Systematic Review of 25 Years of Research[J].Int J Nurs Stud,2015,52(2):649-661.DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.11.004.
[6]Stamm B H.Chinese-Simplified(ProQOL5)[EB/OL].(2012-03-21)[2016-01-01].http://www.proqol.org/uploads/PRO-QOL_5_Chinese_Simplified.pdf.
[7]Hunsaker S,Chen H C,Maughan D,et al.Factors that Influence the Development of Compassion Fatigue,Burnout,and Compassion Satisfaction in Emergency Department Nurses[J].J Nurs Scholarsh,2015,47(2):186-194.DOI:10.1111/jnu.12122.
[8]李红梅,冯晓玲,李育玲.临终关怀病房护士共情疲劳及影响因素研究[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(18):88-90.DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2017.18.088.
[9]陈华英,王卫红.中文版同情疲劳量表的信度、效度研究[J].中国护理管理,2013,13(4):39-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2013.04.012.
[10]王孟成,戴晓阳,姚树桥.中国大五人格问卷的初步编制Ⅲ:简式版的制定及信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2011,19(4):454-457.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2011.04.004.
[11]夏结,吴大兴,钟雪,等.中国大五人格问卷-简版在护士群体应用中的信效度[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013,21(11):1684-1687.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2013.11.007.
[12]刘巧梅,王媛媛,谭开宇,等.肿瘤科护士共情疲劳现状及其影响因素研究[J].中国护理管理,2016,16(5):614-620.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2016.05.011.
[13]张敏.专业助人者的共情疲劳研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2014.
[14]田梅梅,范霖,施雁,等.临床护士共情疲劳的现状及其影响因素分析[J].中华护理杂志,2018,53(1):76-82.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2018.01.014.
[15]陈华英.长沙市三级医院临床护士同情疲劳及其相关因素研究[D].长沙:湖南师范大学,2013.
[16]李峥,刘宇.护理学研究方法[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2012.
[17]Mangoulia P,Koukia E,Alevizopoulos G,et al.Prevalence of Secondary Traumatic Stress among Psychiatric Nurses in Greece[J].Arch Psychiatr Nurs,2015,29(5):333-338.DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2015.06.001.
[18]Hooper C,Craig J,Janvrin D R,et al.Compassion Satisfaction,Burnout,and Compassion Fatigue among Emergency Nurses Compared with Nurses in Other Selected Inpatient Specialties[J].J Emerg Nurs,2010,36(5):420-427.DOI:10.1016/j.jen.2009.11.027.
[19]黄丽婷,刘晓虹,阎成美,等.我国护士职业人格测评工具的研究[J].护理学报,2006,13(2):15-17.DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2006.02.008.
[20]黄霞,黄雪花,宋小珍,等.护士利他水平与大五人格特征的相关性研究[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(2):79-80.DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2017.02.079.
[21]吕慧敏,余艳,隋树杰.护士人格特质与工作场所暴力相关性研究[J].护理管理杂志,2016,16(11):768-770.
[22]张玥.大五人格、职业决策自我效能感与职业决策困难的关系研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2016.
[23]Wang Y,Yao L,Liu L,et al.The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy in the Relationship Between Big five Personality and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Unemployed Population:a Cross-sectional Study[J].BMC Psychiatry,2014,14:61.DOI:10.1186/1471-244X-14-61.本文编辑方玉桂