啶虫脒毒性效应及暴露水平研究进展
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摘要
啶虫脒是一种重要的新型烟碱类杀虫剂,作为农药其对害虫的杀虫效能好,且对益虫与哺乳动物相对安全,目前在全世界得到广泛应用。然而,近年来啶虫脒对哺乳动物的多种生物毒性已经引起众多关注,其中,通过兴奋烟碱乙酰胆碱受体产生的神经毒性更是研究热点。在日常生活中,啶虫脒主要以食物残留的形式经摄食途径进入人体,可在多种食物和人体组织中检出。日本已有研究聚焦啶虫脒人群暴露水平,我国在这方面的研究目前数量较少,未来可以进一步开展人群暴露水平及健康危害的研究。本文主要围绕啶虫脒的毒性效应及人群暴露水平两方面展开。首先简述啶虫脒的理化性质及用途,然后着重介绍啶虫脒的毒性作用,对其中的急性、慢性和发育神经毒性做出详细阐述,最后归纳食物中啶虫脒的残留情况,并总结啶虫脒在普通人群和职业人群中的暴露水平,为啶虫脒的毒性效应及暴露水平的进一步研究提供参考和启示。
Acetamiprid, an important kind of neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture all over the world because of its high insecticidal efficacy and relative safety to beneficial insects and mammals. In recent years, the biological toxicity effects of acetamiprid, especially its neurotoxicity effect through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs), have attracted many researchers. Acetamiprid can remain in crops and then enter the body through food intake in daily life, and has been detected in various foods and human tissues. Japan has conducted studies on human exposure levels of acetamiprid, but China has few reports and calls for more studies on population exposure levels and adverse health effects. This paper reviewed the toxicity effects and exposure levels of acetamiprid in human population. It started with the physical and chemical properties and usage of acetamiprid, then emphasized on the toxicity effects of acetamiprid with detailed information about acute, chronic, and developmental neurotoxicity effects, and finally summarized acetamiprid residues in food and exposure levels in general and occupational populations, aiming to provide new ideas and insights for further research on the toxicity and exposure level of acetamiprid.
Acetamiprid, an important kind of neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture all over the world because of its high insecticidal efficacy and relative safety to beneficial insects and mammals. In recent years, the biological toxicity effects of acetamiprid, especially its neurotoxicity effect through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs), have attracted many researchers. Acetamiprid can remain in crops and then enter the body through food intake in daily life, and has been detected in various foods and human tissues. Japan has conducted studies on human exposure levels of acetamiprid, but China has few reports and calls for more studies on population exposure levels and adverse health effects. This paper reviewed the toxicity effects and exposure levels of acetamiprid in human population. It started with the physical and chemical properties and usage of acetamiprid, then emphasized on the toxicity effects of acetamiprid with detailed information about acute, chronic, and developmental neurotoxicity effects, and finally summarized acetamiprid residues in food and exposure levels in general and occupational populations, aiming to provide new ideas and insights for further research on the toxicity and exposure level of acetamiprid.
引文
[1]周育,庾琴,侯慧锋,等.新型烟碱类杀虫剂啶虫脒研究进展[J].植物保护,2006,32(3):16-20.
[2]益军.新烟碱类杀虫剂货紧价扬市场景气度提升仍将持续[J].农药市场信息,2017(5):29-31.
[3]NAKAYAMA A,SUKEKAWA M,EGUCHI Y.Stereochemistry and active conformation of a novel insecticide,acetamiprid[J].Pest Manage Sci,1997,51(2):157-164.
[4]SINGH D K,KUMAR S.Nitrate reductase,arginine deaminase,urease and dehydrogenase activities in natural soil(ridges with forest)and in cotton soil after acetamiprid treatments[J].Chemosphere,2008,71(3):412-418.
[5]张国生,侯广新.烟碱类杀虫剂的应用、开发现状及展望[J].农药科学与管理,2004,25(3):22-26.
[6]刘乃炽,张子明.新编农药手册(续集)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998:62-63.
[7]BARBEE G C,MCCLAIN W R,LANKA S K,et al.Acute toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to non-target crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)associated with rice-crayfish cropping systems[J].Pest Manage Sci,2010,66(9):996-1001.
[8]CHAGNON M,KREUTZWEISER D,MITCHELL E A,et al.Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2015,22(1):119-134.
[9]SIMON-DELSO N,AMARAL-ROGERS V,BELZUNCES L P,et al.Systemic insecticides(neonicotinoids and fipronil):trends,uses,mode of action and metabolites[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2014,22(1):5-34.
[10]5.2 ACETAMIPRID(246)TOXICOLOGY[EB/OL].[2019-03-28]http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/agphome/documents/Pests_Pesticides/JMPR/Report11/Acetamiprid.pdf.
[11]MARíN A,MARTíNEZ VIDAL J L,EGEA GONZALEZ F J,et al.Assessment of potential(inhalation and dermal)and actual exposure to acetamiprid by greenhouse applicators using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].JChromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,2004,804(2):269-275.
[12]TODANI M,KANEKO T,HAYASHIDA H,et al.Acute poisoning with neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid[J].Chudoku Kenkyu,2008,21(4):387-390.
[13]IMAMURA T,YANAGAWA Y,NISHIKAWA K,et al.Two cases of acute poisoning with acetamiprid in humans[J].Clin Toxicol,2010,48(8):851-853.
[14]TAIRA K,AOYAMA Y,KAWAKAMI T,et al.Detection of chloropyridinyl neonicotinoid insecticide metabolite6-chloronicotinic acid in the urine:six cases with subacute nicotinic symptoms[J].Chudoku Kenkyu,2011,24(3):222-230.
[15]TAIRA K.Health effects of neonicotinoid insecticides-Part1:physicochemical characteristics and case reports[J].Jpn JClin Ecol,2012,21:24-34.
[16]KIMURA-KURODA J,KOMUTA Y,KURODA Y,et al.Nicotinelike effects of the neonicotinoid insecticides acetamiprid and imidacloprid on cerebellar neurons from neonatal rats[J].PLoS One,2012,7(2):e32432.
[17]TERAYAMA H,ENDO H,TSUKAMOTO H,et al.Acetamiprid accumulates in different amounts in murine brain regions[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(10):937.
[18]EL HASSANI A K,DACHER M,GARY V,et al.Effects of sublethal doses of acetamiprid and thiamethoxam on the behavior of the honeybee(Apis mellifera)[J].Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,2008,54(4):653-661.
[19]MANDAL P S,MONDAL S,KARNAM S S,et al.A behavioral study on learning and memory in adult Sprague dawley rat in induced Acetamiprid toxicity[J].Explor Anim Med Res,2015,5(1):27-32.
[20]DHOUIB I B,ANNABI A,DOGHRI R,et al.Neuroprotective e f fe c t s o f c u rc u m i n a ga i n s t a c e t a m i p r i d-i n d u c e d neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the developing male rat cerebellum:biochemical,histological,and behavioral changes[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24(35):27515-27524.
[21]GASMI S,KEBIECHE M,ROUABHI R,et al.Alteration of membrane integrity and respiratory function of brain mitochondria in the rats chronically exposed to a low dose of acetamiprid[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24(28):22258-22264.
[22]CHRISTEN V,RUSCONI M,CRETTAZ P,et al.Developmental neurotoxicity of different pesticides in PC-12 cells in vitro[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2017,325:25-36.
[23]Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues.Scientific Opinion on the developmental neurotoxicity potential of acetamiprid and imidacloprid[J].EFSA J,2013,11(12):3471.
[24]KAGAWA N,NAGAO T.Neurodevelopmental toxicity in the mouse neocortex following prenatal exposure to acetamiprid[J].J Appl Toxicol,2018,38(12):1521-1528.
[25]MARFO J T,FUJIOKA K,IKENAKA Y,et al.Relationship between urinary N-desmethyl-acetamiprid and typical symptoms including neurological findings:a prevalence case-control study[J].PLoS One,2015,10(11):e0142172.
[26]ZHANG J J,WANG Y,XIANG H Y,et al.Oxidative stress:role in acetamiprid-induced impairment of the male mice reproductive system[J].J Integr Agric,2011,10(5):786-796.
[27]GU Y H,LI Y,HUANG X F,et al.Reproductive effects of two neonicotinoid insecticides on mouse sperm function and early embryonic development in vitro[J].PLoS One,2013,8 (7):e70112.
[28]BABE?OVáJ,?EF?íKOVáZ,?IKO??,et al.Exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides induces embryotoxicity in mice and rabbits[J].Toxicology,2017,392:71-80.
[29]KOCAMAN A Y,TOPAKTA?M.In vitro evaluation of the genotoxicity of acetamiprid in human peripheral blood lymphocytes[J].Environ Mol Mutagen,2007,48(6):483-490.
[30]WANG Y,ZHANG J J,XIANG H Y,et al.Acetamiprid residues in male mice and its effect on liver function[J].J Anim Vet Adv,2012,11(15):2706-2710.
[31]陈莉莉,董瑞华,张晗,等.2013年我国主流媒体关注的食品安全事件分析[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):457-462.
[32]CHEN M,TAO L,MCLEAN J,et al.Quantitative analysis of neonicotinoid insecticide residues in foods:implication for dietary exposures[J].J Agric Food Chem,2014,62(26):6082-6090.
[33]SECCIA S,FIDENTE P,MONTESANO D,et al.Determination of neonicotinoid insecticides residues in bovine milk samples by solid-phase extraction clean-up and liquid chromatography with diode-array detection[J].JChromatogr A,2008,1214(1/2):115-120.
[34]JOVANOV P,GUZSVáNY V,FRANKO M,et al.Multiresidue method for determination of selected neonicotinoid insecticides in honey using optimized dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,2013,111:125-133.
[35]谭颖,张琪,赵成,等.蔬菜水果中的新烟碱类农药残留量与人群摄食暴露健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(6):67-81.
[36]冯春野,鲍佳沁,方晓明,等.上海地区市售果蔬农药残留状况调查与分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(3):434-441.
[37]食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[38]US EPA.Code of federal regulation part 180 pesticide tolerance[EB/OL].Washington DC:US EPA,2002.[2019-05-14].https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=2c85909360c7c5aff63ddd1447545d6a&mc=true&node=se40.24.180_1578&rgn=div8.
[39]日本食品化学品研究基金会:食品中农业化学品的最大残留量[EB/OL].[2019-05-14].https://www.ffcr.or.jp/en/zanryu/mrls-of-agricultural-chemicals-feed-additives-andveterinary-drugs-in-food/-revision-of-mrls-of-agriculturalchemicals-feed-additives-and-veterinary-drugs-in-foodsseptember-1.html.
[40]欧盟食品安全法规[EB/OL].[2019-05-14].http://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html.
[41]OSAKA A,UEYAMA J,KONDO T,et al.Exposure characterization of three major insecticide lines in urine of young children in Japan-neonicotinoids,organophosphates,and pyrethroids[J].Environ Res,2016,147:89-96.
[42]UEYAMA J,HARADA K H,KOIZUMI A,et al.Temporal levels of urinary neonicotinoid and dialkylphosphate concentrations in Japanese women between 1994 and 2011[J].Environ Sci Technol,2015,49(24):14522-14528.
[43]王洪艳,梁辉,唐智光,等.白菜中吡虫啉、啶虫脒残留去除方法研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(8):138-141.
[2]益军.新烟碱类杀虫剂货紧价扬市场景气度提升仍将持续[J].农药市场信息,2017(5):29-31.
[3]NAKAYAMA A,SUKEKAWA M,EGUCHI Y.Stereochemistry and active conformation of a novel insecticide,acetamiprid[J].Pest Manage Sci,1997,51(2):157-164.
[4]SINGH D K,KUMAR S.Nitrate reductase,arginine deaminase,urease and dehydrogenase activities in natural soil(ridges with forest)and in cotton soil after acetamiprid treatments[J].Chemosphere,2008,71(3):412-418.
[5]张国生,侯广新.烟碱类杀虫剂的应用、开发现状及展望[J].农药科学与管理,2004,25(3):22-26.
[6]刘乃炽,张子明.新编农药手册(续集)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998:62-63.
[7]BARBEE G C,MCCLAIN W R,LANKA S K,et al.Acute toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to non-target crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)associated with rice-crayfish cropping systems[J].Pest Manage Sci,2010,66(9):996-1001.
[8]CHAGNON M,KREUTZWEISER D,MITCHELL E A,et al.Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2015,22(1):119-134.
[9]SIMON-DELSO N,AMARAL-ROGERS V,BELZUNCES L P,et al.Systemic insecticides(neonicotinoids and fipronil):trends,uses,mode of action and metabolites[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2014,22(1):5-34.
[10]5.2 ACETAMIPRID(246)TOXICOLOGY[EB/OL].[2019-03-28]http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/agphome/documents/Pests_Pesticides/JMPR/Report11/Acetamiprid.pdf.
[11]MARíN A,MARTíNEZ VIDAL J L,EGEA GONZALEZ F J,et al.Assessment of potential(inhalation and dermal)and actual exposure to acetamiprid by greenhouse applicators using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].JChromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,2004,804(2):269-275.
[12]TODANI M,KANEKO T,HAYASHIDA H,et al.Acute poisoning with neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid[J].Chudoku Kenkyu,2008,21(4):387-390.
[13]IMAMURA T,YANAGAWA Y,NISHIKAWA K,et al.Two cases of acute poisoning with acetamiprid in humans[J].Clin Toxicol,2010,48(8):851-853.
[14]TAIRA K,AOYAMA Y,KAWAKAMI T,et al.Detection of chloropyridinyl neonicotinoid insecticide metabolite6-chloronicotinic acid in the urine:six cases with subacute nicotinic symptoms[J].Chudoku Kenkyu,2011,24(3):222-230.
[15]TAIRA K.Health effects of neonicotinoid insecticides-Part1:physicochemical characteristics and case reports[J].Jpn JClin Ecol,2012,21:24-34.
[16]KIMURA-KURODA J,KOMUTA Y,KURODA Y,et al.Nicotinelike effects of the neonicotinoid insecticides acetamiprid and imidacloprid on cerebellar neurons from neonatal rats[J].PLoS One,2012,7(2):e32432.
[17]TERAYAMA H,ENDO H,TSUKAMOTO H,et al.Acetamiprid accumulates in different amounts in murine brain regions[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(10):937.
[18]EL HASSANI A K,DACHER M,GARY V,et al.Effects of sublethal doses of acetamiprid and thiamethoxam on the behavior of the honeybee(Apis mellifera)[J].Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,2008,54(4):653-661.
[19]MANDAL P S,MONDAL S,KARNAM S S,et al.A behavioral study on learning and memory in adult Sprague dawley rat in induced Acetamiprid toxicity[J].Explor Anim Med Res,2015,5(1):27-32.
[20]DHOUIB I B,ANNABI A,DOGHRI R,et al.Neuroprotective e f fe c t s o f c u rc u m i n a ga i n s t a c e t a m i p r i d-i n d u c e d neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the developing male rat cerebellum:biochemical,histological,and behavioral changes[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24(35):27515-27524.
[21]GASMI S,KEBIECHE M,ROUABHI R,et al.Alteration of membrane integrity and respiratory function of brain mitochondria in the rats chronically exposed to a low dose of acetamiprid[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24(28):22258-22264.
[22]CHRISTEN V,RUSCONI M,CRETTAZ P,et al.Developmental neurotoxicity of different pesticides in PC-12 cells in vitro[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2017,325:25-36.
[23]Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues.Scientific Opinion on the developmental neurotoxicity potential of acetamiprid and imidacloprid[J].EFSA J,2013,11(12):3471.
[24]KAGAWA N,NAGAO T.Neurodevelopmental toxicity in the mouse neocortex following prenatal exposure to acetamiprid[J].J Appl Toxicol,2018,38(12):1521-1528.
[25]MARFO J T,FUJIOKA K,IKENAKA Y,et al.Relationship between urinary N-desmethyl-acetamiprid and typical symptoms including neurological findings:a prevalence case-control study[J].PLoS One,2015,10(11):e0142172.
[26]ZHANG J J,WANG Y,XIANG H Y,et al.Oxidative stress:role in acetamiprid-induced impairment of the male mice reproductive system[J].J Integr Agric,2011,10(5):786-796.
[27]GU Y H,LI Y,HUANG X F,et al.Reproductive effects of two neonicotinoid insecticides on mouse sperm function and early embryonic development in vitro[J].PLoS One,2013,8 (7):e70112.
[28]BABE?OVáJ,?EF?íKOVáZ,?IKO??,et al.Exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides induces embryotoxicity in mice and rabbits[J].Toxicology,2017,392:71-80.
[29]KOCAMAN A Y,TOPAKTA?M.In vitro evaluation of the genotoxicity of acetamiprid in human peripheral blood lymphocytes[J].Environ Mol Mutagen,2007,48(6):483-490.
[30]WANG Y,ZHANG J J,XIANG H Y,et al.Acetamiprid residues in male mice and its effect on liver function[J].J Anim Vet Adv,2012,11(15):2706-2710.
[31]陈莉莉,董瑞华,张晗,等.2013年我国主流媒体关注的食品安全事件分析[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):457-462.
[32]CHEN M,TAO L,MCLEAN J,et al.Quantitative analysis of neonicotinoid insecticide residues in foods:implication for dietary exposures[J].J Agric Food Chem,2014,62(26):6082-6090.
[33]SECCIA S,FIDENTE P,MONTESANO D,et al.Determination of neonicotinoid insecticides residues in bovine milk samples by solid-phase extraction clean-up and liquid chromatography with diode-array detection[J].JChromatogr A,2008,1214(1/2):115-120.
[34]JOVANOV P,GUZSVáNY V,FRANKO M,et al.Multiresidue method for determination of selected neonicotinoid insecticides in honey using optimized dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,2013,111:125-133.
[35]谭颖,张琪,赵成,等.蔬菜水果中的新烟碱类农药残留量与人群摄食暴露健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(6):67-81.
[36]冯春野,鲍佳沁,方晓明,等.上海地区市售果蔬农药残留状况调查与分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(3):434-441.
[37]食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[38]US EPA.Code of federal regulation part 180 pesticide tolerance[EB/OL].Washington DC:US EPA,2002.[2019-05-14].https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=2c85909360c7c5aff63ddd1447545d6a&mc=true&node=se40.24.180_1578&rgn=div8.
[39]日本食品化学品研究基金会:食品中农业化学品的最大残留量[EB/OL].[2019-05-14].https://www.ffcr.or.jp/en/zanryu/mrls-of-agricultural-chemicals-feed-additives-andveterinary-drugs-in-food/-revision-of-mrls-of-agriculturalchemicals-feed-additives-and-veterinary-drugs-in-foodsseptember-1.html.
[40]欧盟食品安全法规[EB/OL].[2019-05-14].http://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html.
[41]OSAKA A,UEYAMA J,KONDO T,et al.Exposure characterization of three major insecticide lines in urine of young children in Japan-neonicotinoids,organophosphates,and pyrethroids[J].Environ Res,2016,147:89-96.
[42]UEYAMA J,HARADA K H,KOIZUMI A,et al.Temporal levels of urinary neonicotinoid and dialkylphosphate concentrations in Japanese women between 1994 and 2011[J].Environ Sci Technol,2015,49(24):14522-14528.
[43]王洪艳,梁辉,唐智光,等.白菜中吡虫啉、啶虫脒残留去除方法研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(8):138-141.