基坑开挖引起邻近盾构隧道转动与错台变形计算
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摘要
基坑开挖会对邻近盾构隧道的变形产生显著影响。考虑基坑开挖时卸载在隧道轴线处产生的附加应力,建立了综合考虑剪切错台变形和刚体转动变形的隧道变形计算模型,结合最小势能原理推导出隧道的纵向变形量、环间错台量、环间转角和环间剪切力的计算公式。选取两组工程实例进行分析,将计算结果与实测数据进行比较。研究结果表明:邻近并平行于盾构隧道的基坑侧壁的卸荷效应对旁边隧道的影响最大;隧道水平位移最大值附近的管片基本不发生错台变形和刚体转动变形,环间剪切力值也很小;而在隧道水平位移曲线的反弯点处,隧道的剪切错台量、环间转角和环间剪切力值达到最大;在基坑开挖工况下,邻近隧道的水平位移变形模式以剪切错台为主,刚体转动为辅。
Excavation of foundation pits has a significant impact on the deformation of the adjacent shield tunnels. Considering the additional stress at the tunnel axis due to the soil unloading during excavation, a tunnel deformation model combining the shear-dislocation and rigid-body rotation is established. The formulas for the longitudinal deformation, segment-joint dislocation displacement, rotation angle and segment-joint shear force of the tunnel are deduced based on the principle of the minimum potential energy. Two engineering cases are selected for analysis, and the calculated results are compared with the measured data. The results show that: the soil unloading stress of the adjacent parallel surrounding wall has the largest effect on the tunnel when the foundation pit is beside the tunnels. On the location of the maximum tunnel horizontal deformation, the dislocation and rigid-body rotation of tunnel segments are close to zero, and the segment-joint shear force is also very small. At the inflection point of the horizontal displacement curve, the segment-joint rotation angle and segment-joint shear force of the tunnel both reach the maximum. Under the excavation of the foundation pit, the tunnel deformation model is mainly composed of shear dislocation and complemented by rigid body rotation.
Excavation of foundation pits has a significant impact on the deformation of the adjacent shield tunnels. Considering the additional stress at the tunnel axis due to the soil unloading during excavation, a tunnel deformation model combining the shear-dislocation and rigid-body rotation is established. The formulas for the longitudinal deformation, segment-joint dislocation displacement, rotation angle and segment-joint shear force of the tunnel are deduced based on the principle of the minimum potential energy. Two engineering cases are selected for analysis, and the calculated results are compared with the measured data. The results show that: the soil unloading stress of the adjacent parallel surrounding wall has the largest effect on the tunnel when the foundation pit is beside the tunnels. On the location of the maximum tunnel horizontal deformation, the dislocation and rigid-body rotation of tunnel segments are close to zero, and the segment-joint shear force is also very small. At the inflection point of the horizontal displacement curve, the segment-joint rotation angle and segment-joint shear force of the tunnel both reach the maximum. Under the excavation of the foundation pit, the tunnel deformation model is mainly composed of shear dislocation and complemented by rigid body rotation.
引文
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[13]王涛,李浩,徐日庆.上方大面积加(卸)载引起盾构隧道的变形分析[J].现代交通技术,2008,5(3):29-31,57.(WANG Tao,LI Hao,XU Ri-qing.Analysis of deformation of shield tunnel when vertical loading and unloading[J].Modern Transportation Technology,2008,5(3):29-31,57.(in Chinese))
[14]王如路.上海地铁盾构隧道纵向变形分析[J].地下工程与隧道,2009(4):1-6.(WANG Ru-lu.Longitudinal deformation analysis for Shanghai subway tunnel constructed by shield method[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,2009(4):1-6.(in Chinese))
[15]周顺华,何超,肖军华.环间错台效应下基坑开挖引起临近地铁盾构隧道变形的能量计算法[J].中国铁道科学,2016,37(3):53-60.(ZHOU Shun-hua,HE Chao,XIAOJun-hua.Energy method for calculating deformation of adjacent shield tunnels due to foundation pit excavation considering step between rings[J].China Railway Science,2016,37(3):53-60.(in Chinese))
[16]魏纲,赵城丽.基坑开挖引起临近地铁隧道的附加荷载计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):3408-3417.(WEI Gang,ZHAO Cheng-li.Calculation method of additional load caused by excavation of foundation pit adjacent to metro tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S1):3408-3417.(in Chinese))
[17]王如路.上海软土地铁隧道变形影响因素及变形特征研究[J].地下工程与隧道,2009(1):1-6.(WANG Ru-lu.Longitudinal deformation and deformation influenencing factors analysis for Shanghai subway tunnel constructed by shield method[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,2009(1):1-6.(in Chinese))
[18]林永国,廖少明,刘国彬.地铁隧道纵向变形影响因素的探讨[J].地下空间,2000,20(4):264-267.(LIN Yong-guo,LIAO Shao-ming,LIU Guo-bin.Investgation on micro-mechanism for damage of contaminated soil by landslide[J].Underground Space,2000,20(4):264-267.(in Chinese))
[19]魏新江,洪文强,魏纲,等.堆载引起临近地铁隧道的转动与错台变形计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(5):1281-1289.(WEI Xin-jiang,HONG Wen-qiang,WEI Gang,et al.Rotation and shearing dislocation deformation of subway tunnels due to adjacent ground stack load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(5):1281-1289.(in Chinese))
[20]刘国彬,侯学渊.软土基坑隆起变形的残余应力分析法[J].地下工程与隧道,1996(2):1-7.(LIU Guo-bin,HOUXue-yuan.Residual stress analysis method of foundation pit in soft soil foundation pit[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,1996(2):1-7.(in Chinese))
[21]刘晓强,梁发云,张浩,等.隧道穿越引起地下管线竖向位移的能量变分分析方法[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增刊2):217-222,231.(LIU Xiao-qiang,LIANG Fa-yun,ZHANG Hao.Energy variation analysis method for vertical displacement of underground pipeline caused by tunnel crossing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(S2):217-222,231.(in Chinese))
[22]郭乐,杨新安,邱龑.盾构管片衬砌纵向非均质等效连续模型[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017,20(4):17-22.(GUO Le,YANG Xin-an,QIU Yan.Longitudinal heterogeneous equivalent continuous model for stagger joint segmental lining[J].Urban Mass Transit,2017,20(4):17-22.(in Chinese))
[23]VESIC A B.Bending of beams resting on isotropic elastic solids[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1961,87(2):35-53.
[24]叶飞,何川,朱合华,等.考虑横向性能的盾构隧道纵向等效刚度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1870-1876.(YE Fei,HE Chuan,ZHU He-hua,et al.Longitudinal equivalent rigidity analysis of shield tunnel considering transverse characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1870-1876.(in Chinese))
[25]魏纲,厉京,宣海力,等.大型深基坑开挖对旁边地铁盾构隧道影响的实测分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2018,15(3):718-726.(WEI Gang,LI Jing,XUAN Hai-li,et al.Monitoring data analysis on the influence of large deep foundation pit excavation on nearby metro shield tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2018,15(3):718-726.(in Chinese))
[26]孙廉威,秦建设,洪义,等.地面堆载下盾构隧道管片与环缝接头的性状分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2017,51(8):1509-1518.(SUN Lian-wei,QIN Jian-she,HONG Yi,et al.Shield tunnel segment and circumferential joint performance under surface surcharge[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2017,51(8):1509-1518.(in Chinese))
[27]邵华,王蓉.基坑开挖施工对邻近地铁影响的实测分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(增刊1):1403-1408.(SHAO Hua,WANG Rong.Monitoring data analysis on influence of operating metro tunnel by nearly excavation construction[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(S1):1403-1408.(in Chinese))
[2]上海市市政工程管理局.上海市政法(94)第854号上海市地铁沿线建筑施工保护地铁技术管理暂行规定[S].上海:上海市市政管理局,1994.(Shanghai Municipal Engineering Administration.Interim provisions of Shanghai Municipality on the administration of the technical management of subway construction and protection of Shanghai Metro Line854th(94)[S].Shanghai:Shanghai Municipal Engineering Administration(notice),1994.(in Chinese))
[3]刘庭金.基坑施工对盾构隧道变形影响的实测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增刊2):3393-3400.(LIUTing-jin.Study on shield tunnel deformation due to foundation pit construction[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S2):3393-3400.(in Chinese))
[4]魏纲,李钢,苏勤卫.基坑工程对运营地铁隧道影响的实测分析[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(1):179-185.(WEI Gang,LI Gang,SU Qin-wei.Analysis of the influence of foundation pit construction on an operating metro tunnel based on field measurement[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(1):179-185.(in Chinese))
[5]王卫东,吴江斌,翁其平.基坑开挖卸载对地铁区间隧道影响的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2004,25(增刊2):251-255(WANG Wei-dong,WU Jiang-bing,WEN Qi-ping,et al.The impact of excavation unloading on metro tunnel numerical simulation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(S2):251-255.(in Chinese))
[6]CHEN R P,MENG F Y,LI Z C,et al.Investigation of response of metro tunnels due to adjacent large excavation and protective measures in soft soils[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016(58):224-235.
[7]张治国,张孟喜,王卫东.基坑开挖对临近地铁隧道影响的两阶段分析方法[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2085-2092.(ZHANG Zhi-guo,ZHANG Meng-xi,WANG Wei-dong.Two-stage analysis method of foundation pit excavation on adjacent metro tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2085-2092.(in Chinese))
[8]姜兆华,张永兴.基坑开挖对邻近隧道纵向位移影响的计算方法[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2013,35(1):7-11,39.(JIANG Zhao-hua,ZHANG Yong-xing.Calculation method of the influence of excavation on the longitudinal displacement of adjacent tunnel[J].Journal of Civil,Architectrual&Environment Engineering,2013,35(1):7-11,39.(in Chinese))
[9]陈郁,李永盛.基坑开挖卸荷引起下卧隧道隆起的计算方法[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(1):91-94.(CHENYu,LI Yong-sheng.Calculation of tunnel heaving due to unloading of pit excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(1):91-94.(in Chinese))
[10]黄栩,黄宏伟,张冬梅.开挖卸荷引起下卧已建盾构隧道的纵向变形研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(7):1241-1249.(HUANG Xu,HUANG Hong-wei,ZHANG Dong-mei.Longitudinal deflection of existing shield tunnels due to deep excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(7):1241-1249.(in Chinese))
[11]ZHANG J F,CHEN J J,WANG J H,et al.Prediction of tunnel displacement induced by adjacent excavation in soft soil[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2013(36):24-33.
[12]梁发云,褚峰,宋著,等.紧邻地铁枢纽深基坑变形特性离心模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):657-664.(LIANG Fa-yun,CHU Feng,SONG Zhu,et al.Centrifugal model test research on deformation behaviors of deep foundation pit adjacent to metro stations[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(3):657-664.(in Chinese))
[13]王涛,李浩,徐日庆.上方大面积加(卸)载引起盾构隧道的变形分析[J].现代交通技术,2008,5(3):29-31,57.(WANG Tao,LI Hao,XU Ri-qing.Analysis of deformation of shield tunnel when vertical loading and unloading[J].Modern Transportation Technology,2008,5(3):29-31,57.(in Chinese))
[14]王如路.上海地铁盾构隧道纵向变形分析[J].地下工程与隧道,2009(4):1-6.(WANG Ru-lu.Longitudinal deformation analysis for Shanghai subway tunnel constructed by shield method[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,2009(4):1-6.(in Chinese))
[15]周顺华,何超,肖军华.环间错台效应下基坑开挖引起临近地铁盾构隧道变形的能量计算法[J].中国铁道科学,2016,37(3):53-60.(ZHOU Shun-hua,HE Chao,XIAOJun-hua.Energy method for calculating deformation of adjacent shield tunnels due to foundation pit excavation considering step between rings[J].China Railway Science,2016,37(3):53-60.(in Chinese))
[16]魏纲,赵城丽.基坑开挖引起临近地铁隧道的附加荷载计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):3408-3417.(WEI Gang,ZHAO Cheng-li.Calculation method of additional load caused by excavation of foundation pit adjacent to metro tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S1):3408-3417.(in Chinese))
[17]王如路.上海软土地铁隧道变形影响因素及变形特征研究[J].地下工程与隧道,2009(1):1-6.(WANG Ru-lu.Longitudinal deformation and deformation influenencing factors analysis for Shanghai subway tunnel constructed by shield method[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,2009(1):1-6.(in Chinese))
[18]林永国,廖少明,刘国彬.地铁隧道纵向变形影响因素的探讨[J].地下空间,2000,20(4):264-267.(LIN Yong-guo,LIAO Shao-ming,LIU Guo-bin.Investgation on micro-mechanism for damage of contaminated soil by landslide[J].Underground Space,2000,20(4):264-267.(in Chinese))
[19]魏新江,洪文强,魏纲,等.堆载引起临近地铁隧道的转动与错台变形计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(5):1281-1289.(WEI Xin-jiang,HONG Wen-qiang,WEI Gang,et al.Rotation and shearing dislocation deformation of subway tunnels due to adjacent ground stack load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(5):1281-1289.(in Chinese))
[20]刘国彬,侯学渊.软土基坑隆起变形的残余应力分析法[J].地下工程与隧道,1996(2):1-7.(LIU Guo-bin,HOUXue-yuan.Residual stress analysis method of foundation pit in soft soil foundation pit[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,1996(2):1-7.(in Chinese))
[21]刘晓强,梁发云,张浩,等.隧道穿越引起地下管线竖向位移的能量变分分析方法[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增刊2):217-222,231.(LIU Xiao-qiang,LIANG Fa-yun,ZHANG Hao.Energy variation analysis method for vertical displacement of underground pipeline caused by tunnel crossing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(S2):217-222,231.(in Chinese))
[22]郭乐,杨新安,邱龑.盾构管片衬砌纵向非均质等效连续模型[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017,20(4):17-22.(GUO Le,YANG Xin-an,QIU Yan.Longitudinal heterogeneous equivalent continuous model for stagger joint segmental lining[J].Urban Mass Transit,2017,20(4):17-22.(in Chinese))
[23]VESIC A B.Bending of beams resting on isotropic elastic solids[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1961,87(2):35-53.
[24]叶飞,何川,朱合华,等.考虑横向性能的盾构隧道纵向等效刚度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1870-1876.(YE Fei,HE Chuan,ZHU He-hua,et al.Longitudinal equivalent rigidity analysis of shield tunnel considering transverse characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1870-1876.(in Chinese))
[25]魏纲,厉京,宣海力,等.大型深基坑开挖对旁边地铁盾构隧道影响的实测分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2018,15(3):718-726.(WEI Gang,LI Jing,XUAN Hai-li,et al.Monitoring data analysis on the influence of large deep foundation pit excavation on nearby metro shield tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2018,15(3):718-726.(in Chinese))
[26]孙廉威,秦建设,洪义,等.地面堆载下盾构隧道管片与环缝接头的性状分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2017,51(8):1509-1518.(SUN Lian-wei,QIN Jian-she,HONG Yi,et al.Shield tunnel segment and circumferential joint performance under surface surcharge[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2017,51(8):1509-1518.(in Chinese))
[27]邵华,王蓉.基坑开挖施工对邻近地铁影响的实测分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(增刊1):1403-1408.(SHAO Hua,WANG Rong.Monitoring data analysis on influence of operating metro tunnel by nearly excavation construction[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(S1):1403-1408.(in Chinese))