PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石拌和均匀性检测技术
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摘要
为了准确地检测出PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石的拌和均匀性,在四边距标准差的理论基础上,结合数字图像处理技术提出了集料四边距标准差均匀性求解算法和PVA纤维加权四边距标准差均匀性求解算法。该算法的实现过程:(1)利用数字图像处理技术对试件截面图像进行预处理,通过种子填充法提取试件截面图像中集料和PVA纤维的边缘和质心。(2)根据试件截面图像中像素距离和实际距离的转换关系,结合集料四边距标准差的算法和PVA纤维加权四边距标准差的算法依次求出试件截面图像中集料的四边距标准差和PVA纤维的加权四边距标准差的数值。然后应用MATLAB软件完成了集料均匀性检测系统和PVA纤维均匀性检测系统的软件构架设计和GUI界面设计,从而开发了集料均匀性检测系统和PVA纤维均匀性检测系统,实现了PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石的均匀性分析及运算的自动化。最后以对PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石拌和质量有重要影响的搅拌时间展开试验研究,取搅拌时间依次为45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80 s,进一步地验证了添加PVA纤维对水泥稳定碎石的抗裂性提高效果和均匀性检测系统的准确性。研究结果表明:添加PVA纤维的水泥稳定碎石抗裂指数比普通水泥稳定碎石抗裂指数高出30%左右;该检测技术可以较好地检测出PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石中集料和纤维的分布均匀性。
In order to accurately detect the mixing uniformity of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam,based on the digital image processing technology and combining with the standard deviation of four sides distance,the algorithm of standard deviation uniformity of four sides distance of aggregate and the algorithm of weighted standard deviation uniformity of four sides distance of PVA fiber are put forward. The steps of the algorithms are as follows:( 1) The images of specimen section are pretreated by digital image processing technology,the edges and centroids of aggregate and PVA fiber in the images of specimen section are extracted by seed filling.( 2) According to the conversion relationship between the pixel distance and the actual distance of the specimen section image,by using the abovementioned 2 algorithms,the standard deviation of four sides distance of the aggregate and the weighted standard deviation of four sides distance of PVA fiber are solved in turn. Then,the software architecture and GUI interface of the PVA fiber uniformity detection system are designed by MATLAB software,the aggregate uniformity detection system and the PVA fiber uniformity detection system are developed,which realized the uniformity analysis and operation automation of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam. At last,as the mixing time has an important impact to mixing quality of PVAfiber cement stabilized macadam,the mixing time,is chosen as follows: 45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80 s,to further verify the effect of PVA fiber on the cracking resistance of cement stabilized macadam and the accuracy of uniformity detection system. The result shows that the anti-cracking index of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam is about 30% higher than that of ordinary cement stabilized macadam,and the detection technology can better detect the uniformity of aggregate and fiber in PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam.
In order to accurately detect the mixing uniformity of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam,based on the digital image processing technology and combining with the standard deviation of four sides distance,the algorithm of standard deviation uniformity of four sides distance of aggregate and the algorithm of weighted standard deviation uniformity of four sides distance of PVA fiber are put forward. The steps of the algorithms are as follows:( 1) The images of specimen section are pretreated by digital image processing technology,the edges and centroids of aggregate and PVA fiber in the images of specimen section are extracted by seed filling.( 2) According to the conversion relationship between the pixel distance and the actual distance of the specimen section image,by using the abovementioned 2 algorithms,the standard deviation of four sides distance of the aggregate and the weighted standard deviation of four sides distance of PVA fiber are solved in turn. Then,the software architecture and GUI interface of the PVA fiber uniformity detection system are designed by MATLAB software,the aggregate uniformity detection system and the PVA fiber uniformity detection system are developed,which realized the uniformity analysis and operation automation of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam. At last,as the mixing time has an important impact to mixing quality of PVAfiber cement stabilized macadam,the mixing time,is chosen as follows: 45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80 s,to further verify the effect of PVA fiber on the cracking resistance of cement stabilized macadam and the accuracy of uniformity detection system. The result shows that the anti-cracking index of PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam is about 30% higher than that of ordinary cement stabilized macadam,and the detection technology can better detect the uniformity of aggregate and fiber in PVA fiber cement stabilized macadam.
引文
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[5]王秀春.聚丙烯纤维改善水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能的研究[J].公路,2007(5):130-132.WANG Xiu-chun. Study on Improving Crack Resistance of Cement Stabilized Macadam by Polypropylene Fiber[J].Highway,2007(5):130-132.
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[7]龚爱民,孙海燕,彭玉林.聚丙烯纤维对新拌混凝土性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2007,10(4):488-492.GONG Ai-min, SUN Hai-yan, PENG Yu-lin.Experimental Study of Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on Concrete Workability[J]. Journal of Building Materials,2007,10(4):488-492.
[8]杨红辉,王建勋,郝培文,等.纤维在水泥稳定碎石基层中的应用[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2006,26(3):14-16,20.YANG Hong-hui,WANG Jian-xun,HAO Pei-wen,et al.Utilization of Fibre in Cement-Stabilized Aggregate Mixture[J]. Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2006,26(3):14-16,20.
[9]倪富健,郭咏梅,曾兰英,等.聚丙烯腈纤维SMA路用性能[J].交通运输工程学报,2003,3(3):7-11.NI Fu-jian,GUO Yong-mei,ZENG Lan-ying,et al. Road Performance of SMA Mixture with PAN Fiber Composite[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2003,3(3):7-11.
[10]王海波.聚乙烯醇纤维(维纶)增强砂浆性能的研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2003.WANG Hai-bo. Study on Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber(Vinylon)Reinforced Mortar[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2003.
[11] SANDBERG U,EJSMONT J A. Texturing of Cement Concrete Pavements to Reduce Traffic Noise[J]. Noise Control Engineering Journal,1998,46(6):231-243.
[12]张艳聪,王大鹏,田波,等.道路混凝土离析评价方法[J].公路交通科技,2012,29(1):23-27,33.ZHANG Yan-cong,WANG Da-peng,TIAN Bo,et al.Evaluation Method of Segregation of Road Concrete[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2012,29(1):23-27,33.
[13]高晓刚,王恩涛.超声波声时判断混凝土的密实性与均匀性[J].北方交通,2013,15(增2):73-75.GAO Xiao-gang, WANG En-tao. Ultrasonic Sound Judgment on the Concrete Compactness and Uniformity[J]. Northern Communications,2013,15(S2):73-75.
[14]曹露,李永鹏,郑逢时. PVA纤维在ECC材料中分散性的定量评价方法[J].中外公路,2013,33(4):310-315.CAO Lu,LI Yong-peng,ZHENG Feng-shi. Quantitative Evaluation Method of Polyvinyl Alcohol(PVA)Fiber Dispersion in Engineered Cementations Composites[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway, 2013,33(4):310-315.
[15]高海鹏,田波,郝冠军,等.新拌水泥混凝土均匀性评价方法[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(12):25-31.GAO Hai-peng, TIAN Bo, HAO Guan-jun, et al.Evaluation Method of Uniformity of New Cement Concrete Mixture[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(12):25-31.
[16]贺亚飞.掺聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维水泥稳定碎石的力学及抗裂性能研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.HE Ya-fei. Study on Mechanical and Crack Resistance of Polyvinyl Alcohol(PVA)Fiber Cement Stabilized Crushed Stone[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2016.
[17]王永波. PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料的性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.WANG Yong-bo. Study on Properties of PVA Fiber Reinforced Cement-based Composites[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2005.
[18]李炳奇,周月霞.纤维复合材料加固混凝土结构的研究进展[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2016,14(1):85-90.LI Bing-qi, ZHOU Yue-xia. Research Process of the Concrete Structure Strengthened with Fiber Composite Polymer[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2016,14(1):85-90.
[19]曾梦澜,楠丁,吴超凡,等. PVA-ECC稳定碎石混合料自愈合性能研究[J].公路交通科技,2015,10(12):42-45.ZENG Meng-lan, NAN Ding, WU Chao-fan, et al.Research on Self-healing Performance of PVA-ECC Stabilized Crushed-stone Mixture[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,10(12):42-45.
[20]封基良.纤维沥青混合料增强机理及其性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.FENG Ji-liang. Research on Strengthening Mechanism and Properties of Fiber Asphalt Mixture[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2006.
[21]任长喜.拌和机搅拌时间对混凝土均匀性的影响[J].四川水泥,2015(6):299.REN Chang-xi. Effect of Mixing Machine Mixing Time on Concrete Uniformity[J]. Sichuan Cement, 2015(6):299.
[22]康爱忠.聚丙烯纤维掺量对混凝土路用性能影响研究[J].交通世界,2012(8):114-115.KANG Ai-zhong. Research on Influence of Polypropylene Fiber Content on Concrete Pavement Performance[J].Transpo World,2012(8):114-115.
[23]曹源文,王棋,孙志永,等. PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石拌和均匀性评价[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2017,34(3):63-66,71.CAO Yuan-wen, WANG Qi, SUN Zhi-yong, et al.Evaluation of Mixing Uniformity of Cement Stabilized Macadam and PVA Fiber[J]. Road Machinery&Construction Mechanization,2017,34(3):63-66,71.
[2]王宏畅,黄晓明,傅智.半刚性基层材料路用性能的试验研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(11):45-49.WANG Hong-chang, HUANG Xiao-ming, FU Zhi.Experimental Study on the Performance of Semi-rigid Base Course Materials[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2005, 22(11):45-49.
[3]胡龙泉,蒋应军,陈忠达,等.骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石路用性能[J].交通运输工程学报,2001,1(4):37-40.HU Long-quan,JIANG Ying-jun,CHEN Zhong-da,et al.Road Performance of Cement Stabilized Aggregate of Dense Framework Structure[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2001,1(4):37-40.
[4]胡应德,黄晓明,熊茂东.高速公路水泥稳定碎石基层抗裂设计方法研究[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(2):25-27.HU Ying-de, HUANG Xiao-ming, XIONG Mao-dong.Research of Anti-crack Design Method for Expressway Cement Treated Base[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2007, 24(2):25-27.
[5]王秀春.聚丙烯纤维改善水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能的研究[J].公路,2007(5):130-132.WANG Xiu-chun. Study on Improving Crack Resistance of Cement Stabilized Macadam by Polypropylene Fiber[J].Highway,2007(5):130-132.
[6]付春梅,齐善忠.掺纤维水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能研究分析[J].中外公路,2015,35(2):198-202.FU Chun-mei,QI Shan-zhong. Research and Analysis on Crack Resistance of Fiber Cement Stabilized Macadam[J]. Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2015,35(2):198-202.
[7]龚爱民,孙海燕,彭玉林.聚丙烯纤维对新拌混凝土性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2007,10(4):488-492.GONG Ai-min, SUN Hai-yan, PENG Yu-lin.Experimental Study of Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on Concrete Workability[J]. Journal of Building Materials,2007,10(4):488-492.
[8]杨红辉,王建勋,郝培文,等.纤维在水泥稳定碎石基层中的应用[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2006,26(3):14-16,20.YANG Hong-hui,WANG Jian-xun,HAO Pei-wen,et al.Utilization of Fibre in Cement-Stabilized Aggregate Mixture[J]. Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2006,26(3):14-16,20.
[9]倪富健,郭咏梅,曾兰英,等.聚丙烯腈纤维SMA路用性能[J].交通运输工程学报,2003,3(3):7-11.NI Fu-jian,GUO Yong-mei,ZENG Lan-ying,et al. Road Performance of SMA Mixture with PAN Fiber Composite[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2003,3(3):7-11.
[10]王海波.聚乙烯醇纤维(维纶)增强砂浆性能的研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2003.WANG Hai-bo. Study on Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber(Vinylon)Reinforced Mortar[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2003.
[11] SANDBERG U,EJSMONT J A. Texturing of Cement Concrete Pavements to Reduce Traffic Noise[J]. Noise Control Engineering Journal,1998,46(6):231-243.
[12]张艳聪,王大鹏,田波,等.道路混凝土离析评价方法[J].公路交通科技,2012,29(1):23-27,33.ZHANG Yan-cong,WANG Da-peng,TIAN Bo,et al.Evaluation Method of Segregation of Road Concrete[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2012,29(1):23-27,33.
[13]高晓刚,王恩涛.超声波声时判断混凝土的密实性与均匀性[J].北方交通,2013,15(增2):73-75.GAO Xiao-gang, WANG En-tao. Ultrasonic Sound Judgment on the Concrete Compactness and Uniformity[J]. Northern Communications,2013,15(S2):73-75.
[14]曹露,李永鹏,郑逢时. PVA纤维在ECC材料中分散性的定量评价方法[J].中外公路,2013,33(4):310-315.CAO Lu,LI Yong-peng,ZHENG Feng-shi. Quantitative Evaluation Method of Polyvinyl Alcohol(PVA)Fiber Dispersion in Engineered Cementations Composites[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway, 2013,33(4):310-315.
[15]高海鹏,田波,郝冠军,等.新拌水泥混凝土均匀性评价方法[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(12):25-31.GAO Hai-peng, TIAN Bo, HAO Guan-jun, et al.Evaluation Method of Uniformity of New Cement Concrete Mixture[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(12):25-31.
[16]贺亚飞.掺聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维水泥稳定碎石的力学及抗裂性能研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.HE Ya-fei. Study on Mechanical and Crack Resistance of Polyvinyl Alcohol(PVA)Fiber Cement Stabilized Crushed Stone[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2016.
[17]王永波. PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料的性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.WANG Yong-bo. Study on Properties of PVA Fiber Reinforced Cement-based Composites[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2005.
[18]李炳奇,周月霞.纤维复合材料加固混凝土结构的研究进展[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2016,14(1):85-90.LI Bing-qi, ZHOU Yue-xia. Research Process of the Concrete Structure Strengthened with Fiber Composite Polymer[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2016,14(1):85-90.
[19]曾梦澜,楠丁,吴超凡,等. PVA-ECC稳定碎石混合料自愈合性能研究[J].公路交通科技,2015,10(12):42-45.ZENG Meng-lan, NAN Ding, WU Chao-fan, et al.Research on Self-healing Performance of PVA-ECC Stabilized Crushed-stone Mixture[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,10(12):42-45.
[20]封基良.纤维沥青混合料增强机理及其性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.FENG Ji-liang. Research on Strengthening Mechanism and Properties of Fiber Asphalt Mixture[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2006.
[21]任长喜.拌和机搅拌时间对混凝土均匀性的影响[J].四川水泥,2015(6):299.REN Chang-xi. Effect of Mixing Machine Mixing Time on Concrete Uniformity[J]. Sichuan Cement, 2015(6):299.
[22]康爱忠.聚丙烯纤维掺量对混凝土路用性能影响研究[J].交通世界,2012(8):114-115.KANG Ai-zhong. Research on Influence of Polypropylene Fiber Content on Concrete Pavement Performance[J].Transpo World,2012(8):114-115.
[23]曹源文,王棋,孙志永,等. PVA纤维水泥稳定碎石拌和均匀性评价[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2017,34(3):63-66,71.CAO Yuan-wen, WANG Qi, SUN Zhi-yong, et al.Evaluation of Mixing Uniformity of Cement Stabilized Macadam and PVA Fiber[J]. Road Machinery&Construction Mechanization,2017,34(3):63-66,71.