以椰糠为基质的设施甜瓜无土栽培基质配方筛选
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摘要
为筛选出适合设施甜瓜无土栽培的椰糠基质配方,本试验以甜瓜西州蜜25号为材料,设置8种不同的椰糠、草炭、蛭石及珍珠岩配比处理,研究不同配比处理基质的理化性质及其对设施甜瓜产量和品质的影响。两年试验结果表明:草炭∶蛭石(3∶2)处理的甜瓜666.7m~2产量最高,为2 660.59 kg;粗椰糠(CK)处理的甜瓜产量最低,为1 804.26 kg;草炭∶椰糠∶蛭石(6∶3∶1)处理的甜瓜产量较高,果实中含糖量连续两年最高,均值为17.09%,生产上该配方可作为无土栽培甜瓜获得高产和高糖的配方基质首选;椰糠∶蛭石(1∶1)处理的甜瓜产量和含糖量仅次于草炭∶蛭石(3∶2)处理,该配方可在无土栽培甜瓜生产上用椰糠替代草炭。
To screen out suitable coco coir matrix formula for soilless culture of facilities muskmelon, Xizhoumi 25 muskmelon was used to study its yield and quality under 8 treatments with different proportions of coco coir, peat, vermiculite and perlite. The results of two year tests showed that the muskmelon treated with peat+vermiculite(3∶2) had the highest yield as 2 660.59 kg per 666.7 m~2. The yield under the treatment of crude coco coir(CK) was the lowest as 1 804.26 kg per 666.7 m~2. The muskmelon treated with peat+coco peat+vermiculite(6∶3∶1) had higher yield and the highest sugar content with the mean of 17.09%, so this formula could be the first choice of formula substrate for production of muskmelon with high yield and sugar in facility. The yield and sugar content of muskmelon under the treatment of coco peat+vermiculite(1∶1) were next to the treatment with peat+vermiculite(3∶2), so this formula could be used of substituting coco coir for peat in the production of facilities muskmelon.
To screen out suitable coco coir matrix formula for soilless culture of facilities muskmelon, Xizhoumi 25 muskmelon was used to study its yield and quality under 8 treatments with different proportions of coco coir, peat, vermiculite and perlite. The results of two year tests showed that the muskmelon treated with peat+vermiculite(3∶2) had the highest yield as 2 660.59 kg per 666.7 m~2. The yield under the treatment of crude coco coir(CK) was the lowest as 1 804.26 kg per 666.7 m~2. The muskmelon treated with peat+coco peat+vermiculite(6∶3∶1) had higher yield and the highest sugar content with the mean of 17.09%, so this formula could be the first choice of formula substrate for production of muskmelon with high yield and sugar in facility. The yield and sugar content of muskmelon under the treatment of coco peat+vermiculite(1∶1) were next to the treatment with peat+vermiculite(3∶2), so this formula could be used of substituting coco coir for peat in the production of facilities muskmelon.
引文
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[3] 陈祥,冯义龙.新型环保栽培基质——椰糠[N].中国花卉报,2009-03-07.
[4] Manickam I N,Subramanian P . Study of physical properties of coir pith [J].International Journal of Green Energy,2006,3 (4):397-406.
[5] 孙程旭,冯美利,刘立云,等.海南椰衣(椰糠)栽培介质主要理化特性分析[J].热带作物学报,2011,32(3):407-411.
[6] 代惠洁,纪祥龙,杜迎刚.椰糠替代草炭作番茄穴盘育苗基质的研究[J].北方园艺,2015(9):46-48.
[7] 相宗国,赵瑞,陈俊琴.不同粉碎度的椰糠基质对黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育及其质量的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2012(14):65-69.
[8] 孙建磊,吕晓惠,赵西,等.椰糠与蛭石不同配比对番茄穴盘苗生长的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2016(5):45-48.
[9] 汤谧,赵鸿飞,别之龙,等.不同栽培基质对西甜瓜果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012(6):4-6.
[10] 鲍士旦.土壤理化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[11] 郭世荣.无土栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:134-144.
[12] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:184-187.
[13] 司亚平,何伟明,陈殿奎.基质物理性质对番茄穴盘育苗质量的影响[J].中国蔬菜,1998(2):30-31,
[14] 朱国鹏, 刘士哲, 陈业渊,等.基于椰糠的新型无土栽培基质研究(Ⅱ.)——配方试种筛选 [J].热带作物学报,2005,26(2):100-105.
[15] 李谦盛,郭世荣,李式军.基质EC值与作物生长的关系及其测定方法比较[J].中国蔬菜,2004(1):70-71.
[16] 侯红波,陈明皋,郭天峰.无土栽培之不同基质的比较研究[J].湖南林业科技,2003,30(4):73-75.
[17] 王清华,程鸿雁.栽培基质的选择与评价[J].山东林业科技,2006(1):73-74.