碎屑岩物源研究进展与展望
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摘要
沉积物物源研究作为沟通沉积盆地与剥蚀区的纽带,有助于恢复源区构造背景、估计沉积物搬运路径与距离、重建古水系和恢复沉积盆地充填演化历史等,在源-汇系统分析中有着非常重要的作用。传统的方法如岩石学、沉积学、重矿物和元素地球化学等方法在物源体系分析中起着重要的作用。随着同位素测试技术的进步,越来越多的碎屑矿物同位素测年开始大量地被应用到物源分析当中。近些年碎屑锆石测年被广泛地应用到沉积盆地物源体系恢复和古水系重建中,而针对碎屑矿物如金红石、独居石和磷灰石等的同位素测年也同样发挥着巨大的作用。多种矿物组合分析以及单矿物多重定年,可以更全面地恢复物源区的构造演化史,从而更准确地恢复构造演化与盆地充填过程之间的耦合关系。同时随着碎屑锆石U/Pb数据的日益增多,越来越多的数学和统计学方法开始被引入用于定量分析不同物源区对沉积区砂体展布的影响。现今和未来的物源分析将是不断引入新的研究技术、将传统方法与新技术的结合、从单一方法到多种方法的综合、从定性分析到定量化研究、从单一学科到多学科交叉的过程,从而更好地让我们认识沉积物在地表的剥蚀—搬运—沉积的整个过程。
Provenance analysis is a critical connection between orogenic belt and sedimentary basin,and can help reconstruct the tectonic background of source area,estimate sediment routing pathway and transportation distance,and rebuild sedimentary basin infilling history,and thus plays an important role in the sedimentary source-to-sink system analysis. Traditional approaches,such as petrology,sedimentology,heavy mineral,geochemistry etc.,have been used for provenance analysis for decades and will still be important in the future. With the advances of isotope analytical technology,isotopic dating of mineral grains has been more widely used in sediment provenance analysis. Recently,isotopic dating of detrital minerals,such as monazite,apatite,rutile etc.,especially,detrital zircon geochronology has been widely applied to reconstruct the sediment dispersal system and ancient drainage system of sedimentary basin. Isotopic dating of multiple minerals and double or triple dating on a single mineral grain have been approved to be more effective in deciphering the tectonic evolution of source area and the linkage between orogenic evolution and sedimentary basin infilling history. Meanwhile,with increasing amount of data obtained from detrital zircon U/Pb dating,mathematical and statistic approaches have been introduced to quantify the contribution from siliciclastic sources in the orogenic belt to the sediment deposition in the basin. The current and future research on sediment provenance will be continuous processes of bringing in new technologies,incorporating traditional and advanced methods,transiting from single approach to multiple combined approaches and from qualitative to quantitative analysis,as well as developing of interdisciplinary.The progress made on provenance analysis will help us better understand the whole erosion,transportation and sedimentation process of sediment on the earth surface.
Provenance analysis is a critical connection between orogenic belt and sedimentary basin,and can help reconstruct the tectonic background of source area,estimate sediment routing pathway and transportation distance,and rebuild sedimentary basin infilling history,and thus plays an important role in the sedimentary source-to-sink system analysis. Traditional approaches,such as petrology,sedimentology,heavy mineral,geochemistry etc.,have been used for provenance analysis for decades and will still be important in the future. With the advances of isotope analytical technology,isotopic dating of mineral grains has been more widely used in sediment provenance analysis. Recently,isotopic dating of detrital minerals,such as monazite,apatite,rutile etc.,especially,detrital zircon geochronology has been widely applied to reconstruct the sediment dispersal system and ancient drainage system of sedimentary basin. Isotopic dating of multiple minerals and double or triple dating on a single mineral grain have been approved to be more effective in deciphering the tectonic evolution of source area and the linkage between orogenic evolution and sedimentary basin infilling history. Meanwhile,with increasing amount of data obtained from detrital zircon U/Pb dating,mathematical and statistic approaches have been introduced to quantify the contribution from siliciclastic sources in the orogenic belt to the sediment deposition in the basin. The current and future research on sediment provenance will be continuous processes of bringing in new technologies,incorporating traditional and advanced methods,transiting from single approach to multiple combined approaches and from qualitative to quantitative analysis,as well as developing of interdisciplinary.The progress made on provenance analysis will help us better understand the whole erosion,transportation and sedimentation process of sediment on the earth surface.
引文
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