准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区头屯河组储层特征及敏感性
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摘要
基于岩心观察描述、铸体薄片鉴定,辅以扫描电镜、物性、X-衍射、孔隙结构和敏感性等岩心分析化验等资料,对准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区头屯河组储层特征、控制因素及敏感性进行研究。结果表明,最有利储层发育的沉积微相为三角洲前缘水下分流河道,岩性以成分成熟度低,而结构成熟度中等偏高的长石岩屑砂岩为主,储集空间主要为剩余原生粒间孔,少量为粒间和粒内溶孔;排驱压力和饱和度中值压力偏低,孔喉分选性较好,总体喉道偏细,以毛细管喉道为主;储层发育受沉积微相和成岩作用综合控制,成岩早期的环边绿泥石胶结作用有利于部分原生孔隙和喉道的保存,压实-压溶作用使原生孔隙空间不断缩小,储层孔隙渗透性降低,岩石致密。并且头屯河组砂岩储层普遍具备各种敏感性,是造成储层损害的主要原因之一,其中对储层伤害最强的是中等偏强的水敏性,次为中等偏弱的酸敏性和盐敏性,而弱速敏性对储层基本无伤害。
The reservoir characteristics,controlling factors and sensitivities of the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Fudong slope,Junggar Basin,were studied based on core observation,casting thin section identification,assisted with some analytical and experimental data on cores,such as SEM data,physical property depiction,x-ray diffraction results,pore structure and sensitivity test. Results show that:( 1) the most favorable micro-facies for reservoir development is underwater distributary channel at delta front and its lithology is mainly composed of feldspathic litharenite that is low in compositional maturity and medium high in textural maturity. The reservoir space is mainly primary residual intergranular pores,partly intergranular and intragranular dissolved pores;(2) displacement pressure and mean saturation pressure are relatively low,but the pore throats are well-sorted,narrow as a whole,and are dominated by capillary throats;(3) reservoir development is controlled by both sedimentary microfacies and diagenesis;the early diagenetic chlorite rim cementation is beneficial to the preservation of some primary pores and throats,but compaction and pressure-solution causes the shrinkage of the primary pore space,the lowering of reservoir permeability,and the tightening of reservoir rocks. In addition,the sandstone reservoirs of the Toutunhe Formation generally have various sensitivities,which is one of the main causes of reservoir damage. Among them,the medium strong water sensitivity is the strongest in reservoir damage,followed by the medium weak acid sensitivity and salt sensitivity,while weak velocity sensitivity is hardly harmful.
The reservoir characteristics,controlling factors and sensitivities of the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Fudong slope,Junggar Basin,were studied based on core observation,casting thin section identification,assisted with some analytical and experimental data on cores,such as SEM data,physical property depiction,x-ray diffraction results,pore structure and sensitivity test. Results show that:( 1) the most favorable micro-facies for reservoir development is underwater distributary channel at delta front and its lithology is mainly composed of feldspathic litharenite that is low in compositional maturity and medium high in textural maturity. The reservoir space is mainly primary residual intergranular pores,partly intergranular and intragranular dissolved pores;(2) displacement pressure and mean saturation pressure are relatively low,but the pore throats are well-sorted,narrow as a whole,and are dominated by capillary throats;(3) reservoir development is controlled by both sedimentary microfacies and diagenesis;the early diagenetic chlorite rim cementation is beneficial to the preservation of some primary pores and throats,but compaction and pressure-solution causes the shrinkage of the primary pore space,the lowering of reservoir permeability,and the tightening of reservoir rocks. In addition,the sandstone reservoirs of the Toutunhe Formation generally have various sensitivities,which is one of the main causes of reservoir damage. Among them,the medium strong water sensitivity is the strongest in reservoir damage,followed by the medium weak acid sensitivity and salt sensitivity,while weak velocity sensitivity is hardly harmful.
引文
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[11]何文祥,许雅,刘军锋,等.马岭油田北三区河流相储层构型综合地质研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):274-279.He Wenxiang,Xu Ya,Liu Junfeng,et al.Integrated geology study on fluvial reservoirs architecture in No.3 district of northern Maling Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):274-279.
[12]朱筱敏,董艳蕾,郭长敏,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组沙一段层序格架和储层质量分析[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):934-941.Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Yanlei,Guo Changmin,et al.Sequence framework and reservoir quality of Sha1 Member in Shahejie Formation,Qikou Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):934-941.
[13]Makowitz A,Lander R H,Milliken K L.Diagenetic modeling to assess the relative timing of quartz cementation and brittle grain processes during compaction[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(6):873-885.
[14]Lash G G,Engelder T.Thickness trends and sequence stratigraphy of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Formation,appalachian basin:implications for acadian foreland basin evolution[J].AAPG Bulletin,2011,95(1):61-103.
[15]Hillier S.Pore-lining chlorites in siliciclastic reservoir sandstones:Electron microprobe,SEM and XRD data,and implications for their rigin[J].Clay Minerals,1994,29:665-679.
[16]于景维,郑荣才,柳妮,等.准噶尔盆地东部阜东斜坡带头屯河组粘土矿物特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(6):945-954.Yu Jingwei,Zheng Rongcai,Liu Ni,et al.Characterization of clay minerals in Toutunhe Formation of Fudong slope area in eastern Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(6):945-954.
[17]Salman B,Robert H L,Linda B.Anomalously high porosity and permeability in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs:Origin and predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[18]张国印,王志章,郭旭光,等.准噶尔盆地乌夏地区风城组云质岩致密油特征及“甜点”预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):219-229.Zhang Guoyin,Wang Zhizhang,Guo Xuguang,et al.Characteristics and‘sweet spot’prediction of dolomitic tight oil reservoirs of the Fengcheng Formation in Wuxia area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):219-229.
[19]陈国俊,杜贵超,张功成,等.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起第三系储层成岩作用及物性影响因素分析[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(6):854-861.Chen Guojun,Du Guichao,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Diagenesis and main factors controlling the tertiary reservoir properties of the Panyu low-uplift reservoirs,Pearl river mouth basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(6):854-861.
[20]Houseknecht D W.Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in sandstones[J].AAPG Bulletin,1987,71(6):633-642.
[21]Berger A,Gier S,Krois P.Porosity-preserving chlorite cements in shallow-marine volcaniclastic sandstones:Evidence from Cretaceous sandstones of the Sawan gas field,Pakistan[J].AAPG Bulletin,2009,93(5):595-615.
[22]郑荣才.辽河盆地下第三系砂岩储层的敏感性研究[J].矿物岩石,1997,17(1):77-84.Zheng Rongcai.Sensitive of sandstones reservoir in paleogene from liaohe basin[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1997,17(1):77-84.
[23]陈丽华,姜在兴.储层实验测试技术[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1994:219-235.Chen Lihua,Jiang Zaixing.Reservoir test technology[M].Dongying:Petroleum Press,1994:219-235.
[24]李永刚.秦家屯油田储层的敏感性评价[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(1):51-54.Li Yonggang.Estimation of sensitivity of reservoir in qinjiatun oil field[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2004,34(1):51-54.
[25]Baker J C,Uwins PJ R,Mackinnon I D R.ESEM study of authigenic chlorite acid sensitivity in sandstone reservoim[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,1993,8(3):269-277.
[26]郭艳东,赵英杰,李治平.大庆油田萨零组砂岩储层敏感性研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(1):58-60.Guo Yandong,Zhao Yingjie,Li Zhiping.Study on sensitivity of siltstone reservoir of Saling Formation in Daqing oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(1):58-60.
[27]Bertaux J,Lemanczyk Z R.Importance of dissolution/precipitation mechanisms in sandstone-alkali interactions[J].SPE16278,1987.
[28]Mohnot S M,Gulf R.A study of mineral/alkali reactions[J].SPE13032,1987.
[29]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司地质科学研究院.SY/T 5358—2010,中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准储层敏感性流动实验评价方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.Geological Scientific Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield.SY/T5358—2010,Experimental Evaluation of Standard Reservoir Sensitivity Flow in Oil and Gas Industry of the People’s Republic of China[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.
[2]周新平,徐怀民,王仁冲,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系不整合复合体及其岩性地层油气藏[J].现代地质,2012,26(3):581-588.Zhou Xinping,Xu Huaimin,Wang Renchong,et al.Unconformity complex and Its lithologic-stratigraphic reservoir of the Jurassic in Junggar basin[J].Geoscience,2012,26(3),581-588.
[3]屈争辉,姜波,王超勇.柴北缘石泉滩和冷湖三号储层特征对比研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(6):837-842.Qu Zhenghui,Jiang Bo,Wang Chaoyong.Contrast research on reservoir characteristics between shiquantan and lenghu 3 in northern margin of qaidam basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2007,36(6):837-842.
[4]罗立民.河湖沉积体系三维高分辨率层序地层学——以准噶尔盆地东部北27井区侏罗系头屯河组为例[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:7-9.Luo Limin.Three dimensional high resolution sequence stratigraphy of river lake sedimentary system——A case study of Jurassic Toutun Formation in North 27 Well Area,Eastern Junggar basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999:7-9.
[5]张传林,赵省民,文志刚.准噶尔盆地南缘辫状河三角洲沉积特征及储集性[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(3):202-205.Zhang Chuanlin,Zhao Shengmin,Wen Zhigang.Secimentary chracteristics and reservoir quality of braided deltas in Southern margin of Junggar basin[J].Xin Jiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(3):202-205.
[6]张顺存,邹妞妞,史基安,等.准噶尔盆地玛北地区三叠系百口泉组沉积模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(4):640-650.Zhang Shuncun,Zou Niuniu,Shi Ji’an,et al.Depositional model of the Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mabei area of Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(4):640-650.
[7]文华国,郑荣才,陈洪德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地白豹-华池地区长6砂岩储层特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):46-51.Wen Huaguo,Zheng Rongcai,Chen Hongde,et al.Characteristics of chang 6 sandstone reservoir in Baibao-Huachi region of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):46-51.
[8]王国仓,孙敏卓,王鹏,等.柴北缘马北8号构造下干柴沟组下段砂岩储层特征[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):241-248.Wang Guocang,Sun Minzhuo,Wang Peng,et al.Charcteristics of the lower part of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the MabeiⅧstructure in the northern margin,Qaidam basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):241-248.
[9]何自新,付金华,席胜利,等.苏里格大气田成藏地质特征[J].石油学报,2003,24(2):6-12.He Zixin,Fu Jinhua,Xi Shengli,et al.Geological features of reservoir formation of Sulige gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(2):6-12.
[10]陈国俊,吕成福,王琪,等.珠江口盆地深水区白云凹陷储层孔隙特征及影响因素[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):566-572.Chen Guojun,Lv Chengfu,Wang Qi,et al.Characteristics of pore evolution and its controlling factors of Baiyun Sag in deepwater area ofpearl river Mouth basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):566-572.
[11]何文祥,许雅,刘军锋,等.马岭油田北三区河流相储层构型综合地质研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):274-279.He Wenxiang,Xu Ya,Liu Junfeng,et al.Integrated geology study on fluvial reservoirs architecture in No.3 district of northern Maling Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):274-279.
[12]朱筱敏,董艳蕾,郭长敏,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组沙一段层序格架和储层质量分析[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):934-941.Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Yanlei,Guo Changmin,et al.Sequence framework and reservoir quality of Sha1 Member in Shahejie Formation,Qikou Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):934-941.
[13]Makowitz A,Lander R H,Milliken K L.Diagenetic modeling to assess the relative timing of quartz cementation and brittle grain processes during compaction[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(6):873-885.
[14]Lash G G,Engelder T.Thickness trends and sequence stratigraphy of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Formation,appalachian basin:implications for acadian foreland basin evolution[J].AAPG Bulletin,2011,95(1):61-103.
[15]Hillier S.Pore-lining chlorites in siliciclastic reservoir sandstones:Electron microprobe,SEM and XRD data,and implications for their rigin[J].Clay Minerals,1994,29:665-679.
[16]于景维,郑荣才,柳妮,等.准噶尔盆地东部阜东斜坡带头屯河组粘土矿物特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(6):945-954.Yu Jingwei,Zheng Rongcai,Liu Ni,et al.Characterization of clay minerals in Toutunhe Formation of Fudong slope area in eastern Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(6):945-954.
[17]Salman B,Robert H L,Linda B.Anomalously high porosity and permeability in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs:Origin and predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[18]张国印,王志章,郭旭光,等.准噶尔盆地乌夏地区风城组云质岩致密油特征及“甜点”预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):219-229.Zhang Guoyin,Wang Zhizhang,Guo Xuguang,et al.Characteristics and‘sweet spot’prediction of dolomitic tight oil reservoirs of the Fengcheng Formation in Wuxia area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):219-229.
[19]陈国俊,杜贵超,张功成,等.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起第三系储层成岩作用及物性影响因素分析[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(6):854-861.Chen Guojun,Du Guichao,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Diagenesis and main factors controlling the tertiary reservoir properties of the Panyu low-uplift reservoirs,Pearl river mouth basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(6):854-861.
[20]Houseknecht D W.Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in sandstones[J].AAPG Bulletin,1987,71(6):633-642.
[21]Berger A,Gier S,Krois P.Porosity-preserving chlorite cements in shallow-marine volcaniclastic sandstones:Evidence from Cretaceous sandstones of the Sawan gas field,Pakistan[J].AAPG Bulletin,2009,93(5):595-615.
[22]郑荣才.辽河盆地下第三系砂岩储层的敏感性研究[J].矿物岩石,1997,17(1):77-84.Zheng Rongcai.Sensitive of sandstones reservoir in paleogene from liaohe basin[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1997,17(1):77-84.
[23]陈丽华,姜在兴.储层实验测试技术[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1994:219-235.Chen Lihua,Jiang Zaixing.Reservoir test technology[M].Dongying:Petroleum Press,1994:219-235.
[24]李永刚.秦家屯油田储层的敏感性评价[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(1):51-54.Li Yonggang.Estimation of sensitivity of reservoir in qinjiatun oil field[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2004,34(1):51-54.
[25]Baker J C,Uwins PJ R,Mackinnon I D R.ESEM study of authigenic chlorite acid sensitivity in sandstone reservoim[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,1993,8(3):269-277.
[26]郭艳东,赵英杰,李治平.大庆油田萨零组砂岩储层敏感性研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(1):58-60.Guo Yandong,Zhao Yingjie,Li Zhiping.Study on sensitivity of siltstone reservoir of Saling Formation in Daqing oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(1):58-60.
[27]Bertaux J,Lemanczyk Z R.Importance of dissolution/precipitation mechanisms in sandstone-alkali interactions[J].SPE16278,1987.
[28]Mohnot S M,Gulf R.A study of mineral/alkali reactions[J].SPE13032,1987.
[29]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司地质科学研究院.SY/T 5358—2010,中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准储层敏感性流动实验评价方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.Geological Scientific Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield.SY/T5358—2010,Experimental Evaluation of Standard Reservoir Sensitivity Flow in Oil and Gas Industry of the People’s Republic of China[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.