基于改进交替方向乘子法的电—气—热系统分布式优化调度
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摘要
随着微型燃气轮机和以其为基础的热电联供单元在配电网中的大量接入,电力系统、天然气系统和供热系统之间的耦合关系和联合优化越来越受到关注。针对电—气—热混联系统日前调度问题,建立了以系统经济成本为目标函数的日前调度模型。其次,建立了配电网、热网模型并考虑了动态特性的天然气网络模型。另外,考虑到电—气—热系统之间信息不透明特性,提出了基于改进交替方向乘子法(ADMM),即带高斯回代ADMM的分布式优化调度方法。最后通过算例分析验证了所提模型和优化框架的有效性。
With the more access of microturbines or combined heat and power units to distribution network, the coupling relationship and joint optimization among power systems, natural gas systems and heating systems attach more and more attention. Aiming at the day-ahead dispatch problem of integrated electricity-gas-heat system, a day-ahead dispatch model minimizing the economic cost is established. The model including the distribution network, the heat-supplying network and the natural gas network model with the consideration of the dynamic characteristics of natural gas has been established. In addition, considering the opaque characteristics of information, management, and capital between integrated electricity-gas-heat system, a day-ahead dispatch optimization method is proposed based on improved alternative direction multiplier method(ADMM), i.e. ADMM with Gaussian back substitution algorithm. Finally, the validity of the proposed model and optimization framework is verified by case study.
With the more access of microturbines or combined heat and power units to distribution network, the coupling relationship and joint optimization among power systems, natural gas systems and heating systems attach more and more attention. Aiming at the day-ahead dispatch problem of integrated electricity-gas-heat system, a day-ahead dispatch model minimizing the economic cost is established. The model including the distribution network, the heat-supplying network and the natural gas network model with the consideration of the dynamic characteristics of natural gas has been established. In addition, considering the opaque characteristics of information, management, and capital between integrated electricity-gas-heat system, a day-ahead dispatch optimization method is proposed based on improved alternative direction multiplier method(ADMM), i.e. ADMM with Gaussian back substitution algorithm. Finally, the validity of the proposed model and optimization framework is verified by case study.
引文
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[4] 王珺,顾伟,陆帅,等.结合热网模型的多区域综合能源系统协同规划[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):17-24.WANG Jun, GU Wei, LU Shuai, et al. Coordinated planning of multi-district integrated energy system combining heating network model[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(15): 17-24.
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[8] 罗艳红,梁佳丽,杨东升,等.计及可靠性的电-气-热能量枢纽配置与运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):47-54.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170831002.LUO Yanhong, LIANG Jiali, YANG Dongsheng, et al. Configuration and operation optimization of electricity-gas-heat energy hub considering reliability[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 47-54. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20170831002.
[9] 李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3688.LI Yang, LIU Weijia, ZHAO Junhua, et al. Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(12): 3680-3688.
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[11] 王伟亮,王丹,贾宏杰,等.考虑运行约束的区域电力-天然气-热力综合能源系统能量流优化分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(24):7108-7120.WANG Weiliang, WANG Dan, JIA Hongjie, et al. Energy flow optimization analysis of regional power-natural gas-heat integrated energy system considering operation constraints[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(24): 7108-7120.
[12] 梅建春,卫志农,张勇,等.电-气互联综合能源系统多时间尺度动态优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(13):36-42.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170823002.MEI Jianchun, WEI Zhinong, ZHANG Yong, et al. Dynamic optimal dispatch with multiple time scale in integrated power and gas energy systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(13): 36-42. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20170823002.
[13] 潘振宁,王克英,瞿凯平,等.考虑大量EV接入的电-气-热多能耦合系统协同优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):104-112.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170527007.PAN Zhenning, WANG Keying, QU Kaiping, et al. Coordinated optimal dispatch of electricity-gas-heat multi-energy system considering high penetration of electric vehicles[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 104-112. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170527007.
[14] 秦婷,刘怀东,王锦桥,等.基于碳交易的电-热-气综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(14):8-22.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171220005.QIN Ting, LIU Huaidong, WANG Jinqiao, et al. Coalition game based optimized operation method for integrated energy systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(14): 8-22. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20171220005.
[15] HE Chuan, WU Lei, LIU Tianqi, et al. Robust co-optimization scheduling of electricity and natural gas systems via ADMM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2017, 8(2): 658-670.
[16] CHEN Jian, ZHANG Weitong, ZHANG Yicheng, et al. Day-ahead scheduling of distribution level integrated electricity and natural gas system based on fast-ADMM with restart algorithm[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 17557-17569.
[17] ZHANG Xiaping, SHAHIDEHPOUE M, ALABDULWAHAB A, et al. Hourly electricity demand response in the stochastic day-ahead scheduling of coordinated electricity and natural gas networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 31(1): 592-601.
[18] BARAN M, WU Felix. Network reconfiguration in distribution systems for loss reduction and load balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1989, 4(2): 1401-1407.
[19] YEH H, GAYME D, LOW S. Adaptive VAR control for distribution circuits with photovoltaic generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power System, 2012, 27(3): 1656-1663.
[20] OSIADACZ A. Simulation and analysis of gas network[M]. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, 1987.
[21] FLETCHER C. Computational techniques for fluid dynamics: specific techniques for different flow categories: 1[M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.
[22] FANG Jiakun, ZENG Qing, AI Xiaomeng, et al. Dynamic optimal energy flow in the integrated natural gas and electrical power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2018, 9(1): 188-198.
[23] LI Ping, WANG Haixia, LV Quan, et al. Combined heat and power dispatch considering heat storage of both buildings and pipelines in district heating system for wind power integration[J]. Energies, 2017, 10(7): 893.
[24] LI Zhigang, WU Wenchuan, SHAHIDEHPOUE M, et al. Combined heat and power dispatch considering pipeline energy storage of district heating network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2015, 7(1): 12-22.
[25] SANDOU G, FONT S, TEBBANI S, et al. Predictive control of a complex district heating network[C]// Proceedings of the 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, December 12-15, 2005, Seville, Spain.
[26] ARVASTSSON L. Stochastic modeling and operational optimization in district heating systems[J]. Doctoral Theses in Mathematical Sciences, 2001, 3(6): 200-210.
[27] BOYD S, PARIKH N, CHU E, et al. Distributed optimization and statistical learning via the alternating direction method of multipliers[J]. Foundations & Trends in Machine Learning, 2011, 3(1): 1-12.
[28] CHEN Caihua, HE Bingsheng, YE Yinyun, et al. The direct extension of ADMM for multi-block convex minimization problems is not necessarily convergent[J]. Mathematical Programming, 2016, 155(2): 57-79
[29] 何炳生.修正乘子交替方向法求解三个可分离算子的凸优化[J].运筹学学报,2015,19(3):57-70.HE Bingsheng. Modified alternating directions method of multipliers for convex optimization with three separable functions[J]. Operations Research Transactions, 2015, 19(3): 57-70.
[2] 余晓丹,徐宪东,陈硕翼,等.综合能源系统与能源互联网简述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(1):1-13.YU Xiaodan, XU Xiandong, CHEN Shuoyi, et al. A brief review to integrated energy system and energy internet[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(1): 1-13.
[3] 刘涤尘,马恒瑞,王波,等.含冷热电联供及储能的区域综合能源系统运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):113-120.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170512002.LIU Dichen, MA Hengrui, WANG Bo, et al. Operation optimization of regional integrated energy system with CCHP and energy storage system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 113-120. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20170512002.
[4] 王珺,顾伟,陆帅,等.结合热网模型的多区域综合能源系统协同规划[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):17-24.WANG Jun, GU Wei, LU Shuai, et al. Coordinated planning of multi-district integrated energy system combining heating network model[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(15): 17-24.
[5] 顾伟,陆帅,王珺,等.多区域综合能源系统热网建模及系统运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1305-1315.GU Wei, LU Shuai, WANG Jun, et al. Modeling of the heating network for multi-district integrated energy system and its operation optimization[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(5): 1305-1315.
[6] LINNA N I, LIU W, WEN F, et al. Optimal operation of electricity, natural gas and heat systems considering integrated demand responses and diversified storage devices[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2018, 6(3): 423-437.
[7] 宋晨辉,冯健,杨东升,等.考虑系统耦合性的综合能源协同优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(10):38-46.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170914008.SONG Chenhui, FENG Jian, YANG Dongsheng, et al. Collaborative optimization of integrated energy considering system coupling[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(10): 38-46. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170914008.
[8] 罗艳红,梁佳丽,杨东升,等.计及可靠性的电-气-热能量枢纽配置与运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):47-54.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170831002.LUO Yanhong, LIANG Jiali, YANG Dongsheng, et al. Configuration and operation optimization of electricity-gas-heat energy hub considering reliability[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 47-54. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20170831002.
[9] 李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3688.LI Yang, LIU Weijia, ZHAO Junhua, et al. Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(12): 3680-3688.
[10] 徐宪东,贾宏杰,靳小龙,等.区域综合能源系统电/气/热混合潮流算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3634-3642.XU Xiandong, JIA Hongjie, JIN Xiaolong, et al. Study on hybrid heat-gas-power flow algorithm for integrated community energy system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(14): 3634-3642.
[11] 王伟亮,王丹,贾宏杰,等.考虑运行约束的区域电力-天然气-热力综合能源系统能量流优化分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(24):7108-7120.WANG Weiliang, WANG Dan, JIA Hongjie, et al. Energy flow optimization analysis of regional power-natural gas-heat integrated energy system considering operation constraints[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(24): 7108-7120.
[12] 梅建春,卫志农,张勇,等.电-气互联综合能源系统多时间尺度动态优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(13):36-42.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170823002.MEI Jianchun, WEI Zhinong, ZHANG Yong, et al. Dynamic optimal dispatch with multiple time scale in integrated power and gas energy systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(13): 36-42. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS 20170823002.
[13] 潘振宁,王克英,瞿凯平,等.考虑大量EV接入的电-气-热多能耦合系统协同优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):104-112.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170527007.PAN Zhenning, WANG Keying, QU Kaiping, et al. Coordinated optimal dispatch of electricity-gas-heat multi-energy system considering high penetration of electric vehicles[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 104-112. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170527007.
[14] 秦婷,刘怀东,王锦桥,等.基于碳交易的电-热-气综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(14):8-22.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171220005.QIN Ting, LIU Huaidong, WANG Jinqiao, et al. Coalition game based optimized operation method for integrated energy systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(14): 8-22. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20171220005.
[15] HE Chuan, WU Lei, LIU Tianqi, et al. Robust co-optimization scheduling of electricity and natural gas systems via ADMM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2017, 8(2): 658-670.
[16] CHEN Jian, ZHANG Weitong, ZHANG Yicheng, et al. Day-ahead scheduling of distribution level integrated electricity and natural gas system based on fast-ADMM with restart algorithm[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 17557-17569.
[17] ZHANG Xiaping, SHAHIDEHPOUE M, ALABDULWAHAB A, et al. Hourly electricity demand response in the stochastic day-ahead scheduling of coordinated electricity and natural gas networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 31(1): 592-601.
[18] BARAN M, WU Felix. Network reconfiguration in distribution systems for loss reduction and load balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1989, 4(2): 1401-1407.
[19] YEH H, GAYME D, LOW S. Adaptive VAR control for distribution circuits with photovoltaic generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power System, 2012, 27(3): 1656-1663.
[20] OSIADACZ A. Simulation and analysis of gas network[M]. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, 1987.
[21] FLETCHER C. Computational techniques for fluid dynamics: specific techniques for different flow categories: 1[M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.
[22] FANG Jiakun, ZENG Qing, AI Xiaomeng, et al. Dynamic optimal energy flow in the integrated natural gas and electrical power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2018, 9(1): 188-198.
[23] LI Ping, WANG Haixia, LV Quan, et al. Combined heat and power dispatch considering heat storage of both buildings and pipelines in district heating system for wind power integration[J]. Energies, 2017, 10(7): 893.
[24] LI Zhigang, WU Wenchuan, SHAHIDEHPOUE M, et al. Combined heat and power dispatch considering pipeline energy storage of district heating network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2015, 7(1): 12-22.
[25] SANDOU G, FONT S, TEBBANI S, et al. Predictive control of a complex district heating network[C]// Proceedings of the 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, December 12-15, 2005, Seville, Spain.
[26] ARVASTSSON L. Stochastic modeling and operational optimization in district heating systems[J]. Doctoral Theses in Mathematical Sciences, 2001, 3(6): 200-210.
[27] BOYD S, PARIKH N, CHU E, et al. Distributed optimization and statistical learning via the alternating direction method of multipliers[J]. Foundations & Trends in Machine Learning, 2011, 3(1): 1-12.
[28] CHEN Caihua, HE Bingsheng, YE Yinyun, et al. The direct extension of ADMM for multi-block convex minimization problems is not necessarily convergent[J]. Mathematical Programming, 2016, 155(2): 57-79
[29] 何炳生.修正乘子交替方向法求解三个可分离算子的凸优化[J].运筹学学报,2015,19(3):57-70.HE Bingsheng. Modified alternating directions method of multipliers for convex optimization with three separable functions[J]. Operations Research Transactions, 2015, 19(3): 57-70.