川麦44及其9个衍生品种比较分析
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摘要
【目的】本研究拟明确川麦44的育种贡献及其与衍生品种的特征差异,为进一步深入地研究和充分地利用优异种质提供依据。【方法】利用来源于文献资料、审定公告和区试总结中的相关数据,将川麦44及其9个衍生品种的系谱、产量特征和品质特性进行比较分析,以明确川麦44的育种贡献及其与衍生品种的特征差异。【结果】川麦44在9个衍生品种中的细胞核遗传贡献率为47. 22%,细胞质遗传贡献率为55. 55%,衍生品种除有来源于川麦44的簇毛麦、硬粒小麦血缘外,还有来自黑麦、人工合成小麦等的遗传背景,衍生品种原始亲本数远多于直接亲本,遗传构成来源复杂。产量比较分析显示,衍生品种区试平均产量达5852. 59 kg·hm~(-2),比川麦44区试平均产量增产15. 11%(768. 34 kg),衍生品种的产量水平提升明显。品质分析结果表明,川麦44品质指标达中强筋类型,衍生品种为中筋或弱筋类型;弱筋类型中含优质弱筋小麦2个,膨化专用弱筋小麦1个。【结论】川麦44在衍生品种中的育种遗传贡献大。实践证明,在四川省高温、高湿、弱光照生态条件下利用川麦44为亲本,能够选育高产/优质/专用小麦新品种,是育种利用的优异亲本。
【Objective】In order to research more deeply and make full use of Chuanmai44,we try to make clear the contribution of Chuanmai44 and its difference from the derived varieties. 【Method】Using the data that from literature,approval bulletin and regional test summary,we compared the pedigree,yield characteristics and quality characteristics of Chuanmai 44 and its 9 derived varieties. 【Result】The nuclear genetic contribution rate of Chuanmai 44 in its derivatives was 47. 22 %,and the cytoplasmic genetic contribution rate was 55. 55 %. The derivatives not only had dasypyrum villosum and durum components that coming from Chuanmai 44,but also had rye,synthetic wheat and some other genetic background. The number of original parents of the derivatives is much more theirs' s direct parents. The genetic composition of the derivatives is complex. The results of yield comparison show that the average yield of the 9 derivatives in the regional test was5852. 59,which increased 15. 11 %( 768. 34 kg) compared with the average yield of Chuanmai 44. The yield improvement of the derivatives is obvious. The results of quality analysis show that the quality indexes of Chuanmai 44 reached the medium-strong gluten type,its derivatives were medium-strong gluten or weak gluten type. Among the weak gluten types,there were two high quality weak gluten wheats and a puffing special weak gluten type.【Conclusion】The genetic contribution of Chuanmai 44 in its derivatives is great. Practice has proved that under the high temperature,high humidity and low light ecological conditions of Sichuan Province,using Chuanmai 44 as parent,we can breed high yield,good quality and special use wheat varieties. So it not difficult to make a conclusion that Chuanmai 44 is an excellent parent for breeding.
【Objective】In order to research more deeply and make full use of Chuanmai44,we try to make clear the contribution of Chuanmai44 and its difference from the derived varieties. 【Method】Using the data that from literature,approval bulletin and regional test summary,we compared the pedigree,yield characteristics and quality characteristics of Chuanmai 44 and its 9 derived varieties. 【Result】The nuclear genetic contribution rate of Chuanmai 44 in its derivatives was 47. 22 %,and the cytoplasmic genetic contribution rate was 55. 55 %. The derivatives not only had dasypyrum villosum and durum components that coming from Chuanmai 44,but also had rye,synthetic wheat and some other genetic background. The number of original parents of the derivatives is much more theirs' s direct parents. The genetic composition of the derivatives is complex. The results of yield comparison show that the average yield of the 9 derivatives in the regional test was5852. 59,which increased 15. 11 %( 768. 34 kg) compared with the average yield of Chuanmai 44. The yield improvement of the derivatives is obvious. The results of quality analysis show that the quality indexes of Chuanmai 44 reached the medium-strong gluten type,its derivatives were medium-strong gluten or weak gluten type. Among the weak gluten types,there were two high quality weak gluten wheats and a puffing special weak gluten type.【Conclusion】The genetic contribution of Chuanmai 44 in its derivatives is great. Practice has proved that under the high temperature,high humidity and low light ecological conditions of Sichuan Province,using Chuanmai 44 as parent,we can breed high yield,good quality and special use wheat varieties. So it not difficult to make a conclusion that Chuanmai 44 is an excellent parent for breeding.
引文
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[9]蒲宗君,饶世达,杨武云,等.优质高产小麦新品种川麦44的选育研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):120-123.
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[17]杨春玲,侯军红,宋志均,等.河南省主要小麦品种系谱研究及核心种质利用[J].山东农业科学,2009(1):27-31.
[18]王庆彪,方智远,杨丽梅,等.中国甘蓝育成品种系谱分析[J].园艺学报,2013,40(5):869-886.
[19]Liu D C,Zhang L Q,Hao M,et al. Wheat breeding in the hometown of Chinese Spring[J]. The Crop Journal,2018,6(1):82-90.
[20]汤永禄,李朝苏,吴春,等.四川盆地单产9000 kg/hm2以上超高产小麦品种产量结构与干物质积累特点[J].作物学报,2014,40(1):134-142.
[21]何中虎,林作楫,王龙俊,等.中国小麦品质区划的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(4):359-364.
[22]郑建敏,罗江陶,李式昭,等. 2008-2016年四川省小麦区试品系品质分析[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(4):513-519.
[23]王翠玲,张灿军,王书子,等.河南省优质小麦系谱追溯及遗传改良分析[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(2):80-82.
[2]肖永贵,殷贵鸿,李慧慧,等.小麦骨干亲本“周8425B”及其衍生品种的遗传解析和抗条锈病基因定位[J].中国农业科学,2011,44:3919-3929.
[3]李玉刚,任民,孙绿,等.利用SSR和SNP标记分析鲁麦14对青农2号的遗传贡献[J].作物学报,2018,44(2):159-168.
[4]相吉山,杨欣明,李秀全,等.小麦骨干亲本南大2419对衍生品种(系)HMW-GS的贡献分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(6):1053-1058.
[5]司清林,刘新伦,刘智奎,等.阿夫及其衍生小麦品种(系)的SSR分析[J].作物学报,2009,35(4):615-619.
[6]于海霞,肖静,田纪春.小麦骨干亲本矮孟牛及其衍生后代遗传解析[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(2):199-207.
[7]陈国跃,刘伟,何员江,等.小麦骨干亲本繁6条锈病成株抗性特异位点及其在衍生品种中的遗传解析[J].作物学报,2013,39(5):827-836.
[8]陆炳,邓光兵,张海莉,等.高产小麦品种川麦42产量性状QTL分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(2):183-192.
[9]蒲宗君,饶世达,杨武云,等.优质高产小麦新品种川麦44的选育研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):120-123.
[10]余遥.四川小麦[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1998:508-517.
[11]任正隆.雨养农业区的小麦育种[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:147-278.
[12]庄巧生.中国小麦品种改良及系谱分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:608-614.
[13]赵团结,崔章林,盖钧镒.中国大豆育成品种中江苏种质58-161的遗传贡献[J].大豆科学,1998,17(2):120-128.
[14]盖钧镒,赵团结,崔章林,等.中国大豆育成品种中不同地理来源种质的遗传贡献[J].中国农业科学,1998,31(5):35-43.
[15]张庆勤,张立异,朱文华.簇毛麦在小麦抗病育种中的利用[J].植物保护学报,1998,25(1):41-45.
[16]熊冬金,赵团结,盖钧镒.中国大豆育成品种亲本分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(9):2589-2598.
[17]杨春玲,侯军红,宋志均,等.河南省主要小麦品种系谱研究及核心种质利用[J].山东农业科学,2009(1):27-31.
[18]王庆彪,方智远,杨丽梅,等.中国甘蓝育成品种系谱分析[J].园艺学报,2013,40(5):869-886.
[19]Liu D C,Zhang L Q,Hao M,et al. Wheat breeding in the hometown of Chinese Spring[J]. The Crop Journal,2018,6(1):82-90.
[20]汤永禄,李朝苏,吴春,等.四川盆地单产9000 kg/hm2以上超高产小麦品种产量结构与干物质积累特点[J].作物学报,2014,40(1):134-142.
[21]何中虎,林作楫,王龙俊,等.中国小麦品质区划的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(4):359-364.
[22]郑建敏,罗江陶,李式昭,等. 2008-2016年四川省小麦区试品系品质分析[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(4):513-519.
[23]王翠玲,张灿军,王书子,等.河南省优质小麦系谱追溯及遗传改良分析[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(2):80-82.