北宋李中吉夫妇墓志及相关问题研究
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摘要
现藏于洛阳龙门博物馆的北宋李中吉及夫人刘氏墓志,详细记载了北宋中下级武官李中吉的世系、仕宦经历、姻亲交游及子嗣情况。李中吉出生于北宋武将世家,家族恩荫及先祖的功绩不仅为李中吉提供了入仕及迁转之便,也对其官职的调遣产生了重要影响。李中吉以武臣之阶出任边郡知州并担任地方将官,反映了北宋中后期崇文抑武政策下宋廷对武臣的策略性安置。李中吉积极辅佐其他将领抗击西夏、以馆伴使的身份接待辽国使臣并且不辱使命,反映了北宋王朝与西夏、辽的政治关系。墓志文记载并揭示了御河在北宋时期向北边输送军用物资的重要地位和作用。李中吉的姻亲和交游网络反映了北宋中期武臣家族的社会地位和交往群体。李中吉家族的发展延续贯穿于北宋始终,其家族成员的仕宦、交游、姻亲网络等情况是北宋社会各阶层流动加剧以及崇文抑武政策下一般武将群体社会生活状况的缩影。
Epitaphs of Li Zhongji and his wife,collected now in Longmen City Museum,have detailed the life story of a below-normal military officer named Li Zhongji,which contains his family pedigree,official experience,affinity and friendship network as well as his offspring information. His marriage and friendship network has revealed the social status and interaction group of below-normal military family. Since the development of Li's family is throughout the Northern Song Dynasty,his family members' official experience,affinity and social communication actually function as an epitome of the social living conditions of military officials under the circumstance in which social mobility works very fast and the policy emphasizing literature and restricting military force was highly emphasized.
Epitaphs of Li Zhongji and his wife,collected now in Longmen City Museum,have detailed the life story of a below-normal military officer named Li Zhongji,which contains his family pedigree,official experience,affinity and friendship network as well as his offspring information. His marriage and friendship network has revealed the social status and interaction group of below-normal military family. Since the development of Li's family is throughout the Northern Song Dynasty,his family members' official experience,affinity and social communication actually function as an epitome of the social living conditions of military officials under the circumstance in which social mobility works very fast and the policy emphasizing literature and restricting military force was highly emphasized.
引文
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[18](宋)包拯.包孝肃奏议集[M].文渊阁四库全书影印本.
[19](清)徐乾学.资治通鉴后编:卷六十[M].皇祐二年五月,文渊阁四库全书影印本.
(1)郝质,字景纯,汾州介休人,历任高阳关、定州、并代钤辖等,以抗击西夏有功而闻名。其史迹见载于《宋史》卷三四九。
(2)石岭关,位于今山西省太原市阳曲县,山势险峻,实为一夫当关、万夫莫开之地。《武经总要前集》记载:“石岭关,太平兴国中筑,在州南三十里,山势回抱,号为险阻。其路可行单车,旧有关城控扼。庆历中,关南削山为城,即烽火山,南正控山口,西连天涧,地势险深,可遏北虏南牧。”是北宋时期重要的防御关隘。
(3)李昌世墓志近年出土于洛阳地区,资料尚未发表。
(4)刘平、李纮、范仲淹、明镐、宋庠史迹分别记载于《宋史》卷三二五、卷二八七、卷三一四、卷二九二、卷二八四。
[2]曾枣庄,刘琳.全宋文第十六册[M].成都:巴蜀书社,1991.
[3](宋)李焘.续资治通鉴长编[M].北京:中华书局,1995.
[4](宋)曾巩.隆平集[M].文渊阁四库全书影印本.
[5]河南省文物研究所,河南省洛阳地区文管处.千唐志斋藏志(下册)[M].北京:文物出版社,1984.
[6](宋)宋祁.景文集[M].北京:中华书局,1985.
[7](宋)苏辙.栾城集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2009.
[8]龚延明.宋代官制辞典[M].北京:中华书局,1997.
[9]陈峰.杨家将与北宋武将世家[A].首届全国杨家将历史文化研讨会论文集[C].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[10]何冠环.宋初三朝武将的量化分析——北宋统治阶层的社会流动现象新探[A].北宋武将研究[C].香港:香港中华书局,2003.
[11]宋朝诸臣奏议.苏辙上神宗乞去三冗[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1999.
[12]陈峰.试论宋朝“崇文抑武”治国思想与方略的形成[A].宋代军政研究[C].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2010.
[13]孙建民.宋初大将自晦现象初探[J].军事历史研究,2000,(1).
[14]强兰波.北宋上层将门婚姻关系研究[D].西安:西北大学,2013.
[15]蔡东藩.宋史通俗演义(上)[M].北京:新华出版社,2015.
[16]聂崇岐.宋史丛考(下册)[M].北京:中华书局,1980.
[17](清)徐松.宋会要辑稿[M].北京:中华书局,1957.
[18](宋)包拯.包孝肃奏议集[M].文渊阁四库全书影印本.
[19](清)徐乾学.资治通鉴后编:卷六十[M].皇祐二年五月,文渊阁四库全书影印本.
(1)郝质,字景纯,汾州介休人,历任高阳关、定州、并代钤辖等,以抗击西夏有功而闻名。其史迹见载于《宋史》卷三四九。
(2)石岭关,位于今山西省太原市阳曲县,山势险峻,实为一夫当关、万夫莫开之地。《武经总要前集》记载:“石岭关,太平兴国中筑,在州南三十里,山势回抱,号为险阻。其路可行单车,旧有关城控扼。庆历中,关南削山为城,即烽火山,南正控山口,西连天涧,地势险深,可遏北虏南牧。”是北宋时期重要的防御关隘。
(3)李昌世墓志近年出土于洛阳地区,资料尚未发表。
(4)刘平、李纮、范仲淹、明镐、宋庠史迹分别记载于《宋史》卷三二五、卷二八七、卷三一四、卷二九二、卷二八四。