数控机床XY工作台动态定位误差分析与建模
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摘要
为了研究不同运动速度下数控机床XY工作台动态定位误差的变化规律,详细分析了XY工作台运动速度和摩擦特性影响下的的动态定位误差来源,建立了光栅测量系统、滚珠丝杆组件、导轨系统制造、安装质量和摩擦力等误差源引起的动态定位误差分量精确计算模型,搭建了实验装置,测量了在所需运动速度下的俯仰角和偏摆角,精确计算了工作台的定位误差值,同时分析了XY工作台动态定位误差受运动速度影响的变化规律。根据实验结果可知,文章研究的数控XY工作台动态定位误差受到运动速度影响,不同运动速度下的动态定位误差不同,存在着最佳测量速度,为提高数控机床的动态加工精度和在机测量系统的测量精度打下良好的理论基础。
In order to study the variation principle of dynamic positioning error of XY working table under different moving speed,the dynamic positioning error sources of the CNC machine tools XY working table under the changing moving speed and friction characteristics were analyzed in detail. The accurate theoretical calculation models of dynamic positioning error components caused by grating measurement systems,ball screw assemblies,rail system manufacturing error,installation quality,and frictional forces were established.The experimental device was set up to measure the required pitch and yaw angles under different moving speeds. The position errors of the XY working table under different moving speeds were accurately calculated by using the above theoretical calculation models and the measured moving speeds,pitch and yaw angles. The variation principle between the dynamic positioning errors of XY working table and the moving speeds was analyzed. According to the experimental results,the dynamic positioning error of the XY working table is affected by the moving speeds and the dynamic positioning errors under different moving speeds are different. There exists an optimal moving speed. The above researched results provide theoretical basis to improve the dynamic machining accuracy of CNC machine tools and the measurement accuracy of the on-machine measurement system.
In order to study the variation principle of dynamic positioning error of XY working table under different moving speed,the dynamic positioning error sources of the CNC machine tools XY working table under the changing moving speed and friction characteristics were analyzed in detail. The accurate theoretical calculation models of dynamic positioning error components caused by grating measurement systems,ball screw assemblies,rail system manufacturing error,installation quality,and frictional forces were established.The experimental device was set up to measure the required pitch and yaw angles under different moving speeds. The position errors of the XY working table under different moving speeds were accurately calculated by using the above theoretical calculation models and the measured moving speeds,pitch and yaw angles. The variation principle between the dynamic positioning errors of XY working table and the moving speeds was analyzed. According to the experimental results,the dynamic positioning error of the XY working table is affected by the moving speeds and the dynamic positioning errors under different moving speeds are different. There exists an optimal moving speed. The above researched results provide theoretical basis to improve the dynamic machining accuracy of CNC machine tools and the measurement accuracy of the on-machine measurement system.
引文
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[12]牟世刚,冯显英.高速滚珠丝杠副动态特性分析[J].湖南大学学报,2011,38(12):25-29.
[13]黄强先,余夫领,宫二敏,等.零阿贝误差的纳米三坐标测量机工作台及误差分析[J].光学精密工程,2013,21(3):664-671.
[2]杨洪涛,费业泰.快速探测三坐标测量机特性参数优化研究[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(20):2428-2432.
[3]程亚平,张恩忠,齐月玲,等.光学自由曲面精密数控机床几何误差测量与综合建模[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10s):174-182.
[4]LIN M C,RAVANI B. Kinematics of the ball screw mecha-nism[J]. ASME J Mech Des,1994,116:849-855.
[5]许向荣,宋现春,姜洪奎,等.单螺母滚珠丝杠副轴向刚度的分析研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2009,24(12):4-57.
[6]刘春山,陈晓怀,程真英.动态测量光栅测长仪的位置误差[J].工业计量,2005,15(5):10-12.
[7]刘春山.光栅测长仪动态误差测量实验研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2005.
[8]蒋书运,祝书龙.带滚珠丝杠副的直线导轨结合部动态刚度特性[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(1):92-99.
[9]Karnopp D. Computer simulation of stick slip friction in me-chanical dynamic systems[J]. ASME,Journal of DynamicSystems,Measurement and Control,1985,107:100-103.
[10]吴子英,刘宏昭,刘丽兰.考虑摩擦影响的重型车床横向进给伺服系统建模与分析[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(7):86-93.
[11]陈晓怀,杜国山,程真英.光栅测量系统的误差研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,26(3):187-191.
[12]牟世刚,冯显英.高速滚珠丝杠副动态特性分析[J].湖南大学学报,2011,38(12):25-29.
[13]黄强先,余夫领,宫二敏,等.零阿贝误差的纳米三坐标测量机工作台及误差分析[J].光学精密工程,2013,21(3):664-671.