慢性精神分裂症患者庇护性就业训练的疗效观察
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摘要
目的探讨庇护性就业形式的职业治疗对慢性精神分裂症患者症状及功能改善的评价。方法选取2017年8月～12月我院收治的44例慢性精神分裂症患者,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组22例。对照组予以药物治疗,干预组在药物治疗的同时施以庇护性就业训练,干预前后对两组患者的症状、认知功能、日常生活能力、社交技能、社会适应功能进行比较。结果干预后6个月、12个月干预组阴性症状、一般精神病理学症状及PANSS总分均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组12个月的阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理学症状及PANSS总分均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组的MoCA、ADL、社交技能、社会适应功能评分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组MoCA评分无明显变化,ADL、社交技能、社会适应功能评分均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组的MoCA、ADL、社交技能、社会适应功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组复发率及再住院率均高于干预组、再就业率低于干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论庇护性就业形式的职业训练对慢性精神分裂症患者症状有较好的改善,对于患者恢复社会功能起到积极地作用,使患者最大限度的得到全面康复。
Objective To investigate the evaluation of the symptoms and functional improvement of patients with chronic schizophrenia by occupational therapy in the form of sheltered employment. Methods 44 patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from August to December2017 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, with 22 cases in each group. The control group received drug treatment. The intervention group received asylum employment training at the same time as drug treatment. The symptoms, cognitive function, daily living ability,social skills and social adaptation function of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention. Results The negative symptoms,general psychopathological symptoms and PANSS scores of the intervention group were lower than those before the intervention at 6 months and 12 months after intervention,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathological symptoms and PANSS scores of the control group were higher than those before the intervention,the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05).MoCA, ADL, social skills and social adaptation function of the intervention group Before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant change in the MoCA score of the control group. The scores of ADL, social skills and social adaptation function were higher than before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of MoCA, ADL, social skills and social adaptation function in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). The recurrence rate and rehospitalization rate of the control group were higher than the intervention group, and the reemployment rate was lower. In the intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The vocational training in the form of asylum employment has a better effect on the symptoms of patients with chronic schizophrenia, and plays an active role in the recovery of social function of patients, so that patients can get full recovery.
Objective To investigate the evaluation of the symptoms and functional improvement of patients with chronic schizophrenia by occupational therapy in the form of sheltered employment. Methods 44 patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from August to December2017 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, with 22 cases in each group. The control group received drug treatment. The intervention group received asylum employment training at the same time as drug treatment. The symptoms, cognitive function, daily living ability,social skills and social adaptation function of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention. Results The negative symptoms,general psychopathological symptoms and PANSS scores of the intervention group were lower than those before the intervention at 6 months and 12 months after intervention,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathological symptoms and PANSS scores of the control group were higher than those before the intervention,the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05).MoCA, ADL, social skills and social adaptation function of the intervention group Before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant change in the MoCA score of the control group. The scores of ADL, social skills and social adaptation function were higher than before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of MoCA, ADL, social skills and social adaptation function in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). The recurrence rate and rehospitalization rate of the control group were higher than the intervention group, and the reemployment rate was lower. In the intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The vocational training in the form of asylum employment has a better effect on the symptoms of patients with chronic schizophrenia, and plays an active role in the recovery of social function of patients, so that patients can get full recovery.
引文
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[3]杨淑珍.初发精神分裂症患者神经认知功能早期受损状况研究[J].临床和实验医学杂志,2014,13(5):405-406.
[4]Patel V,Saxena S,Lund C,et al.The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development[J].Lancet,2018,392(10157):1553-1598.
[5]郝伟,陆林.精神病学[M].第八版,北京:人民卫生出版社,2018.
[2]Heaton RK,Gladsjo JA,Palmer BW,et al.Stability and course of neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,2001(58):24-32.
[3]杨淑珍.初发精神分裂症患者神经认知功能早期受损状况研究[J].临床和实验医学杂志,2014,13(5):405-406.
[4]Patel V,Saxena S,Lund C,et al.The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development[J].Lancet,2018,392(10157):1553-1598.
[5]郝伟,陆林.精神病学[M].第八版,北京:人民卫生出版社,2018.