山东省农村居民卫生服务需要及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的:了解山东省15岁及以上农村居民卫生服务需要状况,探讨其影响因素,为政府制定农村卫生政策提供客观依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取山东省6个地市18个县54个乡镇,随机抽取1405名15岁及以上农村居民进行调查。运用构成比进行描述性分析,运用单因素分析和二分类Logistic回归分析识别其影响因素。结果:山东省15岁及以上农村居民两周患病率及慢性病患病率分别为10. 2%和12. 7%,年龄、家庭收入来源是影响两周患病率的主要因素,家庭年纯收入、年龄、就业状况是慢性病患病率的主要影响因素。结论:针对上述影响因素,建议政府部门关注弱势群体,健全医保制度,合理配置卫生资源,开展健康宣教,控制危险因素,转变服务模式,提高服务能力,增加居民就业机会,提高收入水平,切实改善居民健康状况。
Objective To study the health service needs of rural residents over the age of 15 in Shandong province and explore the influence factors for providing an objective basis for the government to formulate rural health policy. Methods The method of multi-stage stratified random sampling was used in 54 villages of 18 counties from six prefectures,with 1405 rural residents aged over 15 years old randomly sampled for questionnaire survey and interview. This survey use the composition ratio for descriptive analysis,univariate analysis and binary logistic regression for identifying the influence factors. Results The two weeks and chronic diseases prevalence rate of rural residents aged over 15 years old in Shandong province were 10. 2% and 12. 7%. Age and family income were the main factors affecting the two weeks prevalence rate. Family annual income,age and employment status were the main influencing factors of chronic diseases prevalence rate. Conclusion According to the influencing factors,we suggested that the government departments should concern the vulnerable groups,strengthen medical insurance system and rationally allocate health resources,carry out health education and control risk factors,change the service model and enhance the service ability,increase residents' employment opportunities and improve the income level to improve the health status of residents effectively.
Objective To study the health service needs of rural residents over the age of 15 in Shandong province and explore the influence factors for providing an objective basis for the government to formulate rural health policy. Methods The method of multi-stage stratified random sampling was used in 54 villages of 18 counties from six prefectures,with 1405 rural residents aged over 15 years old randomly sampled for questionnaire survey and interview. This survey use the composition ratio for descriptive analysis,univariate analysis and binary logistic regression for identifying the influence factors. Results The two weeks and chronic diseases prevalence rate of rural residents aged over 15 years old in Shandong province were 10. 2% and 12. 7%. Age and family income were the main factors affecting the two weeks prevalence rate. Family annual income,age and employment status were the main influencing factors of chronic diseases prevalence rate. Conclusion According to the influencing factors,we suggested that the government departments should concern the vulnerable groups,strengthen medical insurance system and rationally allocate health resources,carry out health education and control risk factors,change the service model and enhance the service ability,increase residents' employment opportunities and improve the income level to improve the health status of residents effectively.
引文
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[3]刘芳,井淇,王成蓬,等.山东省≥15岁居民两周患病及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(11):1440-1442.
[4]黄小玲,张帆,吴玲,等.海南省农村居民就医选择及其影响因素[J].中国卫生事业管理,2016,33(3):204-207.
[5]高忠飞,乔慧,李媛,等.宁夏五县农村居民两周患病率及影响因素分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(5):800-802.
[6]涂明利,汪孝东,张红莲,等.铜陵县18岁以上居民慢性病患病率及影响因素调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(2):129-133.
[7]吕淑荣,苏健,张凤云,等.江苏省城乡居民慢性病患病情况及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(1):8-12.
[8]李力,徐珊珊,纪建梅,等.山东省基层医疗机构老年人健康管理现况研究[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013,30(4):313-315.
[9]徐立涛,杜雪平,孙艳格.月坛社区居民慢性病患病率调查及影响因素分析[J].继续医学教育,2016,30(8):90-91.
[10]李翔,王晓霞,陈雯,等.中部经济欠发达地区农村基本公共卫生服务利用情况调查[J].中国卫生事业管理,2016,33(8):608-610.
[11]王杰,孟琼,孙承欢,等.大理州农村居民慢性病患病率及其影响因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2015,29(4):56-59.
[12]伊雅德,谭红专,黄昕,等.湖南省浏阳市农村居民慢性病患病现状及影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(1):27-30.
[13]王蕾,崔颖,王禄生.农村基本公共卫生服务开展利用情况研究[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013,30(1):52-55.
[14]李长乐,范艳存.乡村卫生服务一体化管理下内蒙古农村居民医疗服务需求分析[J].中国卫生经济,2016,35(2):55-58.
[15]卢珊,牛亚冬,张研.农村居民个人年度医疗费用特征分析[J].中国卫生经济,2017,36(3):77-80.