基于局域共振机理的周期性轨道结构弹性波控制（英文）
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摘要
高速列车运营过程中轨道结构能够产生剧烈的振动并向外界辐射噪声。虽然轨道结构呈明显周期特征并具有带隙特性,但其带隙范围小,带隙内弹性波衰减能力弱。为了有效抑制轨道结构振动噪声,引入局域共振机理拓宽轨道结构的带隙范围,实现轨道结构中弹性波控制。在钢轨上周期性附加局域共振单元,构成新的局域共振型声子晶体结构,然后分析局域共振单元对弹性波带隙的调控规律,并阐明带隙的形成机理。研究结果表明,引入局域共振单元后,轨道结构产生新的局域共振带隙,该带隙较宽且频率范围可调;局域共振带隙与周期性轨道结构原有带隙产生耦合和转化,并在带隙耦合条件下实现带隙宽度最大化,拓宽后的带隙可用于高速铁路轨道结构振动噪声控制。
Excessive vibration and noise radiation of the track structure can be caused by the operation of high speed trains. Though the track structure is characterized by obvious periodic properties and band gaps, the bandwidth is narrow and the elastic wave attenuation capability within the band gap is weak. In order to effectively control the vibration and noise of track structure, the local resonance mechanism is introduced to broaden the band gap and realize wave propagation control. The locally resonant units are attached periodically on the rail, forming a new locally resonant phononic crystal structure. Then the tuning of the elastic wave band gaps of track structure is discussed, and the formation mechanism of the band gap is explicated. The research results show that a new wide and adjustable locally resonant band gap is formed after the resonant units are introduced. The phenomenon of coupling and transition can be observed between the new locally resonant band gap and the original band gap of the periodic track structure with the band gap width reaching the maximum at the coupling position. The broader band gap can be applied for vibration and noise reduction in high speed railway track structure.
Excessive vibration and noise radiation of the track structure can be caused by the operation of high speed trains. Though the track structure is characterized by obvious periodic properties and band gaps, the bandwidth is narrow and the elastic wave attenuation capability within the band gap is weak. In order to effectively control the vibration and noise of track structure, the local resonance mechanism is introduced to broaden the band gap and realize wave propagation control. The locally resonant units are attached periodically on the rail, forming a new locally resonant phononic crystal structure. Then the tuning of the elastic wave band gaps of track structure is discussed, and the formation mechanism of the band gap is explicated. The research results show that a new wide and adjustable locally resonant band gap is formed after the resonant units are introduced. The phenomenon of coupling and transition can be observed between the new locally resonant band gap and the original band gap of the periodic track structure with the band gap width reaching the maximum at the coupling position. The broader band gap can be applied for vibration and noise reduction in high speed railway track structure.
引文
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[23]ZHAO Cai-you,WANG Ping,YI Qiang.Internal noise reduction in railway vehicles by means of rail grinding and rail dampers[J].Noise Control Engineering Journal,2017,65(1):1-13.
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[26]WANG Ping,YI Qiang,ZHAO Cai-you.Wave propagation in periodic track structures:band-gap behaviors and formation mechanisms[J].Archive of Applied Mechanics,2017,87(3):503-519.
[27]LIU H P,WU T X.The influences on railway rolling noise of a rail vibration absorber and wave reflections due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):227-235.
[28]PENG Li-ping,JI Ai-min,ZHAO Yue-min,LIU Chu-sheng.Natural frequencies analysis of a composite beam consisting of Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam segments alternately[J].Journal of Central South University,2017,24(3):625-636.
[29]THOMPSON D.Railway noise and vibration:mechanisms,modelling and means of control[M].Oxford:Elsevier Science&Technology,2009.
[30]MEAD D J.Wave propagation and natural modes in periodic systems:II.Multi-coupled systems,with and without damping[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1975,40(1):19-39.(Edited by FANG Jing-hua)
[2]DEYMIER P A.Acoustic metamaterials and phononic crystals[M].Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,2013:201-215.
[3]LIU Zheng-you,ZHANG Xi-xiang,MAO Yi-wei.Locally resonant sonic materials[J].Science,2000,289(5485):1734-1736.
[4]ZHENG Ling,LI Yi-nong,BAZ A.Attenuation of wave propagation in a novel periodic structure[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2011,18(2):438-443.
[5]XIAO Yong,WEN Ji-hong,WEN Xi-sen.Broadband locally resonant beams containing multiple periodic arrays of attached resonators[J].Physics Letters A,2012,376(16):1384-1390.
[6]XIAO Yong,WEN Ji-hong,WEN Xi-sen.Sound transmission loss of metamaterial-based thin plates with multiple subwavelength arrays of attached resonators[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2012,331(25):5408-5423.
[7]XIAO Yong,WEN Ji-hong,HUANG Ling-zhi.Analysis and experimental realization of locally resonant phononic plates carrying a periodic array of beam-like resonators[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2014,47(4):045307.
[8]XIAO Yong,WEN Ji-hong,YU Dian-long.Flexural wave propagation in beams with periodically attached vibration absorbers:Band-gap behavior and band formation mechanisms[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2013,332(4):867-893.
[9]CASADEI F,BERTOLDI K.Wave propagation in beams with periodic arrays of airfoil-shaped resonating units[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2014,333(24):6532-6547.
[10]LI Yan-fei,SHEN Hui-jie,ZHANG Lin-ke,SU Yong-sheng.Control of low-frequency noise for piping systems via the design of coupled band gap of acoustic metamaterials[J].Physics Letters A,2016,380(29,30):2322-2328.
[11]PAI F,PENG H,JIANG S.Acoustic metamaterial beams based on multi-frequency vibration absorbers[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2014,79(1):195-205.
[12]SHARMA B,SUN C T.Local resonance and Bragg bandgaps in sandwich beams containing periodically inserted resonators[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2016,364(22):133-146.
[13]XIAO Yong,WEN Ji-hong,WEN Xi-sen.Longitudinal wave band gaps in metamaterial-based elastic rods containing multi-degree-of-freedom resonators[J].New Journal of Physics,2012,14(3):33042.
[14]CLAEYS C C,VERGOTE K,SAS P.On the potential of tuned resonators to obtain low-frequency vibrational stop bands in periodic panels[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2013,332(6):1418-1436.
[15]QIAN Deng-hui,SHI Zhi-yu.Bandgap properties in locally resonant phononic crystal double panel structures with periodically attached spring-mass resonators[J].Physics Letters A,2016,380(41):3319-3325.
[16]LIU L,HUSSEIN M I.Wave motion in periodic flexural beams and characterization of the transition between Bragg scattering and local resonance[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,2012,79(1):011003.
[17]WANG M Y,WANG Xiao-ming.Frequency band structure of locally resonant periodic flexural beams suspended with force-moment resonators[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2013,46(25):255502.
[18]WANG Xiao-ming,WANG M Y.An analysis of flexural wave band gaps of locally resonant beams with continuum beam resonators[J].Meccanica,2016,51(1):171-178.
[19]ZHAO Cai-you,WANG Ping.Analysis and design of a novel low-noise rail[J].Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2015,231(1):75-89.
[20]WU T X.On the railway track dynamics with rail vibration absorber for noise reduction[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2008,309(3):739-755.
[21]MARZBANRAD J,SHAHSAVAR M,BEYRANVAND B.Analysis of force and energy density transferred to barrier in a single degree of freedom vibro-impact system[J].Journal of Central South University,2017,24(6):1351-1359.
[22]KIM Y M,YOU K P,YOU J Y.Passive control of along-wind response of tall building[J].Journal of Central South University,2014,21(10):4002-4006.
[23]ZHAO Cai-you,WANG Ping,YI Qiang.Internal noise reduction in railway vehicles by means of rail grinding and rail dampers[J].Noise Control Engineering Journal,2017,65(1):1-13.
[24]WILSON Ho,BANTING W.Tuned mass damper for rail noise control[C]//Nagayama:10th International Workshop on Railway Noise,2012:89-96.
[25]NORTON M P,KARCZUB D G.Fundamentals of noise and vibration analysis for engineers[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2003.
[26]WANG Ping,YI Qiang,ZHAO Cai-you.Wave propagation in periodic track structures:band-gap behaviors and formation mechanisms[J].Archive of Applied Mechanics,2017,87(3):503-519.
[27]LIU H P,WU T X.The influences on railway rolling noise of a rail vibration absorber and wave reflections due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):227-235.
[28]PENG Li-ping,JI Ai-min,ZHAO Yue-min,LIU Chu-sheng.Natural frequencies analysis of a composite beam consisting of Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam segments alternately[J].Journal of Central South University,2017,24(3):625-636.
[29]THOMPSON D.Railway noise and vibration:mechanisms,modelling and means of control[M].Oxford:Elsevier Science&Technology,2009.
[30]MEAD D J.Wave propagation and natural modes in periodic systems:II.Multi-coupled systems,with and without damping[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1975,40(1):19-39.(Edited by FANG Jing-hua)