肯尼亚与南非森林产权与农民生计发展历程与经验及其借鉴
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摘要
肯尼亚和南非在森林产权改革方面进行了一些探索并取得了良好的进展。文章介绍了肯尼亚和南非社区林业、农地林业、人工林产业、国有林和国家公园的发展路径、现状和成效,并在森林产权改革背景下探讨了森林资源的保护和利用与当地居民生计的关系。借鉴肯尼亚和南非的经验,提出了有利于完善我国集体林权制度改革、国有林场和国有林区改革以及国家公园管理机制的政策建议。
Kenya and South Africa have made some explorations and achieved good progress in forest tenure reform.This paper introduced the development path, status and effectiveness of community forestry, farmland forestry, plan?tation industry, state-owned forests and national parks in Kenya and South Africa, and explored the relationship be?tween forest resource conservation, utilization and local residents' livelihoods in the context of forest tenure reform.Drawing on the experience of Kenya and South Africa, it put forward some policy recommendations that would be conducive to improving the reform of China's collective forest tenure system, the reform of state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas, and the national park management mechanism.
Kenya and South Africa have made some explorations and achieved good progress in forest tenure reform.This paper introduced the development path, status and effectiveness of community forestry, farmland forestry, plan?tation industry, state-owned forests and national parks in Kenya and South Africa, and explored the relationship be?tween forest resource conservation, utilization and local residents' livelihoods in the context of forest tenure reform.Drawing on the experience of Kenya and South Africa, it put forward some policy recommendations that would be conducive to improving the reform of China's collective forest tenure system, the reform of state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas, and the national park management mechanism.
引文
Cheboiwo J.K.,Mutta D.,Kiprop J.,Gatama S.Public Private Partner?ships in Forestry Sector Development in Kenya:Synthesis of Status and Potentials.Kenya Forestry Research Institute,Working paper,2018
DAFF.State of the forests report 2010-2012.Department of Agricul?ture,Forestry and Fisheries,South Africa,2015
FAO.Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015:Country ReportSouth Africa,Working paper,2016
Guthiga,Paul,Ogada,Juma,M.,Sikei,&Geophrey.Local community participation under reformed forest management in kenya:lessons and policy implications.in Forest Tenure Reform in Asia and Africa:Local Control for Improved Livelihoods,Forest Management,and Carbon Sequestration.New York:RFF Press,2014
KNBS.Economic Survey 2014.Kenya National Bureau of Statistics,Nairobi,Kenya.Accessed at:http//www.knbs.or.ke/downloads/eco?nomic survey-2014/2015
Mewnr.Analysis of Demand and Supply of Wood Products in Kenya.Ministry of Environment,Water and Natural Resources.Govern?ment of Kenya,2013
Muthike G.,Githiomi J.Review of the Wood Industry in Kenya:Technology Development,Challenges and Opportunities.Kenya Forestry Research Institute,Working paper,2018
(1)200亿肯尼亚先令约合13.40亿元人民币,1元人民币=14.92肯尼亚先令。
(1)2000兰特约合938.2元人民币,1南非兰特=0.4691元人民币。
DAFF.State of the forests report 2010-2012.Department of Agricul?ture,Forestry and Fisheries,South Africa,2015
FAO.Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015:Country ReportSouth Africa,Working paper,2016
Guthiga,Paul,Ogada,Juma,M.,Sikei,&Geophrey.Local community participation under reformed forest management in kenya:lessons and policy implications.in Forest Tenure Reform in Asia and Africa:Local Control for Improved Livelihoods,Forest Management,and Carbon Sequestration.New York:RFF Press,2014
KNBS.Economic Survey 2014.Kenya National Bureau of Statistics,Nairobi,Kenya.Accessed at:http//www.knbs.or.ke/downloads/eco?nomic survey-2014/2015
Mewnr.Analysis of Demand and Supply of Wood Products in Kenya.Ministry of Environment,Water and Natural Resources.Govern?ment of Kenya,2013
Muthike G.,Githiomi J.Review of the Wood Industry in Kenya:Technology Development,Challenges and Opportunities.Kenya Forestry Research Institute,Working paper,2018
(1)200亿肯尼亚先令约合13.40亿元人民币,1元人民币=14.92肯尼亚先令。
(1)2000兰特约合938.2元人民币,1南非兰特=0.4691元人民币。