饲粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维对细毛羊氮代谢、瘤胃内环境及挥发性脂肪酸吸收的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)对细毛羊氮代谢、瘤胃内环境及挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)吸收的影响。选用9只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的内蒙古鄂尔多斯细毛羊半同胞羯羊,按体重随机分为3组,1组、2组和3组饲粮NFC/NDF分别为0.35、0.66和1.14,粗蛋白质含量均为13.50%。结果表明:1)饲粮NFC/NDF对摄入氮、粪氮、尿氮和沉积氮无显著影响(P>0.05),1组尿中尿素氮含量显著高于2组(P<0.05),极显著高于3组(P<0.01),并且2组显著高于3组(P<0.05)。2)采食1.5和3.0 h以后,1组氨态氮(NH_3-N)含量显著高于3组(P<0.05),采食4.5 h后,各组间NH_3-N含量无显著差异(P> 0.05)。pH均在6.0～6.8,1组pH显著高于3组(P <0. 05)。3)采食1. 5 h后,1组乙酸含量显著高于2组(P <0.05),极显著高于3组(P<0.01)。采食1.5、3.5和4.0 h后,1组和2组丙酸含量显著低于3组(P<0.05)。1组采食前及采食后丁酸含量均显著高于3组(P<0.05)。4) 2组和3组Na~+/H~+交换蛋白3(NHE3)和下调式腺瘤载体(DRA)基因表达量显著高于1组(P<0.05)。1组单羧酸转运蛋白4(MCT4)基因表达量显著高于2组和3组(P <0. 05)。而2组Na~+/H~+交换蛋白1(NHE1)和钠/钾ATP酶泵(Na~+/K~+ATPase)基因表达量显著高于1组和3组(P <0. 05)。综上所述,饲粮NFC/NDF为0.66时,对细毛羊瘤胃内环境和VFA吸收相关基因表达量有显著影响。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different non-fiber carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber( NFC/NDF) on the nitrogen metabolism,rumen environment and volatile fatty acid( VFA) absorption. Nine Inner Mongolia Ordos of sheep with permanent rumen fistula were randomly divided into three groups on the basis of body weight. The NFC/NDF in diets of groups 1,2,3 were 0.35,0.66 and 1.14,respectively,and the crude protein contents were all 13.50%. The results showed as follows: 1) the NFC/NDF had no significant differences in nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen and nitrogen deposition( P ﹥ 0.05),but the urea nitrogen content in urine in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2( P<0.05),and significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.01),and group 2 was significantly higher than group 3( P<0.05). 2) After feeding 1.5 and 3.0 h,NH3-N content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05),and after feeding 4.5 h,there was no significant difference among groups( P ﹥ 0.05). The p H was 6.0 to 6.8,and p H in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05). 3) After feeding 1.5 h,the acetic acid content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2( P<0.05),and significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.01). After feeding 1.5,3.5 and4.0 h,the propionic acid content in groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that in group 3( P<0.05). Before feeding and after feeding,the butyric acid content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05). 4) The expression levels of Na+/H+exchange protein 3( NHE3) and down-regulated adenoma vector( DRA)genes in groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than those in group 1( P<0.05). The expression level of monocarboxylate transporter 4( MCT4) gene in group 1 was significantly higher than that in groups 2 and 3( P<0.05). The expression levels of Na+/H+exchange protein 1( NHE1) and Na+/K+ATPase pump( Na+/K+ATPase) in group 2 were significantly higher than those in groups 1 and 3( P <0.05). In conclusion,the rumen environment and the expressions of genes related with VFA absorption in fine wool sheep are significantly affected when dietary NFC/NDF is 0.66.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different non-fiber carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber( NFC/NDF) on the nitrogen metabolism,rumen environment and volatile fatty acid( VFA) absorption. Nine Inner Mongolia Ordos of sheep with permanent rumen fistula were randomly divided into three groups on the basis of body weight. The NFC/NDF in diets of groups 1,2,3 were 0.35,0.66 and 1.14,respectively,and the crude protein contents were all 13.50%. The results showed as follows: 1) the NFC/NDF had no significant differences in nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen and nitrogen deposition( P ﹥ 0.05),but the urea nitrogen content in urine in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2( P<0.05),and significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.01),and group 2 was significantly higher than group 3( P<0.05). 2) After feeding 1.5 and 3.0 h,NH3-N content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05),and after feeding 4.5 h,there was no significant difference among groups( P ﹥ 0.05). The p H was 6.0 to 6.8,and p H in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05). 3) After feeding 1.5 h,the acetic acid content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2( P<0.05),and significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.01). After feeding 1.5,3.5 and4.0 h,the propionic acid content in groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that in group 3( P<0.05). Before feeding and after feeding,the butyric acid content in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3( P<0.05). 4) The expression levels of Na+/H+exchange protein 3( NHE3) and down-regulated adenoma vector( DRA)genes in groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than those in group 1( P<0.05). The expression level of monocarboxylate transporter 4( MCT4) gene in group 1 was significantly higher than that in groups 2 and 3( P<0.05). The expression levels of Na+/H+exchange protein 1( NHE1) and Na+/K+ATPase pump( Na+/K+ATPase) in group 2 were significantly higher than those in groups 1 and 3( P <0.05). In conclusion,the rumen environment and the expressions of genes related with VFA absorption in fine wool sheep are significantly affected when dietary NFC/NDF is 0.66.
引文
[1]张霞.日粮不同营养水平对绒山羊机体代谢及肠道营养物质感应的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[2]YAN L,ZHANG B,SHEN Z M.Dietary modulation of the expression of genes involved in short-chain fatty acid absorption in the rumen epithelium is related to short-chain fatty acid concentration and p H in the rumen of goats[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(9):5668-5675.
[3]ASCHENBACH J R,BILK S,TADESSE G,et al.Bicarbonate-dependent and bicarbonate-independent mechanisms contribute to nondiffusive uptake of acetate in the ruminal epithelium of sheep[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2009,296(5):G1098-G1107.
[4]PENNER G B,ASCHENBACH J R,GBEL G,et al.Epithelial capacity for apical uptake of short chain fatty acids is a key determinant for intraruminal p H and the susceptibility to subacute ruminal acidosis in sheep[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2009,139(9):1714-1720.
[5]METZLER-ZEBELI B U,HOLLMANN M,SABITZERS,et al.Epithelial response to high-grain diets involves alteration in nutrient transporters and Na+/K+-ATPase mRNA expression in rumen and colon of goats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(9):4256-4266.
[6]DENGLER F,RACKWITZ R,BENESCH F,et al.Bicarbonate-dependent transport of acetate and butyrate across the basolateral membrane of sheep rumen epithelium[J].Acta Physiologica,2013,210(2):403-414.
[7]MELO L Q,COSTA S F,LOPES F,et al.Rumen morphometrics and the effect of digesta p H and volume on volatile fatty acid absorption[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(4):1775-1783.
[8]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[9]樊艳华.日粮和瘤胃调控对绒山羊氮代谢、尿素氮循环及微生物蛋白合成的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[10]冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1993(4):40-41.
[11]韩正康,陈杰.反刍动物瘤胃的消化和代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.
[12]陈宁.日粮精粗比对断奶初期犊牛瘤胃内环境及粗饲料降解的影响[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:西南大学,2006.
[13]王海荣,侯先志,王贞贞,等.不同纤维水平日粮对绵羊瘤胃内环境的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报.2008,29(3):9-14.
[14]VALADARES R F D,BRODERICK G A,VALADARESFILHO S C,et al.Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(12):2686-2696.
[15]LETTAT A,NOZIRE P,SILBERBERG M,et al.Experimental feed induction of ruminal lactic,propionic,or butyric acidosis in sheep[J].Journal of Animal Science,2010,88(9):3041-3046.
[16]SOTO-NAVARRO S A,KREHBIEL C R,DUFF G C,et al.Influence of feed intake fluctuation and frequency of feeding on nutrient digestion,digesta kinetics,and ruminal fermentation profiles in limit-fed steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(8):2215-2222.
[17]GBEL G,MAREK M,MARTENS H.Influence of food deprivation on SCFA and electrolyte transport across sheep reticulorumen[J].Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A,1993,40(1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10):339-344.
[18]HALL M B.Protein and carbohydrate interactions in the rumen[C]//Proceedings of the 33rd Western Nutrition Conference.Winnipeg:The Western Nutrition Conference,2012:19-20.
[19]KRISTENSEN N B,DANFR A,AGERGAARD N.Absorption and metabolism of short-chain fatty acids in ruminants[J].Archiv für Tierernaehrung,1998:51(2/3):165-175.
[20]BILK S,HUHN K,HONSCHA K U,et al.Bicarbonate exporting transporters in the ovine ruminal epithelium[J].Journal of Comparative Physiology B,2005,175(5):365-374.
[21]RABBANI I,SIEGLING-VLITAKIS C,NOCI B,et al.Evidence for NHE3-mediated Na transport in sheep and bovine forestomach[J].American Journal of Physiology:Regulatory,Integrative and Comparative Physiology,2011,301(2):R313-R319.
[22]LEONHARD-MAREK S,STUMPFF F,MARTENS H.Transport of cations and anions across forestomach epithelia:conclusions from in vitro studies[J].Animal,2010,4(7):1037-1056.
[23]DOREAU M,FERCHAL E,BECKERS Y.Effects of level of intake and of available volatile fatty acids on the absorptive capacity of sheep rumen[J].Small Ruminant Research,1997,25(2):99-105.
[24]SAKATA T,TAMATE H.Rumen epithelium cell proliferation accelerated by propionate and acetate[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1979,62(1):49-52.
[25]SEHESTED J,ANDERSEN J B,AAES O,et al.Feed-induced changes in the transport of butyrate,sodium and chloride ions across the isolated bovine rumen epithelium[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,Section A:Animal Science,2000,50(1):47-55.
[26]KUZINSKI J,RNTGEN M.The mRNA and protein expression of ruminal MCT1 is increased by feeding a mixed hay/concentrate diet compared with hay ad libitum diet(Short Communication)[J].Archives Animal Breeding,2011,54(3):280-286.
[27]CONNOR E E,LI R W,BALDWIN R L,et al.Gene expression in the digestive tissues of ruminants and their relationships with feeding and digestive processes[J].Animal,2010,4(7):993-1007.
[28]YANG W,SHEN Z,MARTENS H.An energy-rich diet enhances expression of Na+/H+exchanger isoform 1 and3 messenger RNA in rumen epithelium of goat[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(1):307-317.
[29]闫磊,沈赞明.日粮精粗比对奶牛瘤胃上皮VFA吸收相关基因表达的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2012,44(S1):125.
[2]YAN L,ZHANG B,SHEN Z M.Dietary modulation of the expression of genes involved in short-chain fatty acid absorption in the rumen epithelium is related to short-chain fatty acid concentration and p H in the rumen of goats[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(9):5668-5675.
[3]ASCHENBACH J R,BILK S,TADESSE G,et al.Bicarbonate-dependent and bicarbonate-independent mechanisms contribute to nondiffusive uptake of acetate in the ruminal epithelium of sheep[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2009,296(5):G1098-G1107.
[4]PENNER G B,ASCHENBACH J R,GBEL G,et al.Epithelial capacity for apical uptake of short chain fatty acids is a key determinant for intraruminal p H and the susceptibility to subacute ruminal acidosis in sheep[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2009,139(9):1714-1720.
[5]METZLER-ZEBELI B U,HOLLMANN M,SABITZERS,et al.Epithelial response to high-grain diets involves alteration in nutrient transporters and Na+/K+-ATPase mRNA expression in rumen and colon of goats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(9):4256-4266.
[6]DENGLER F,RACKWITZ R,BENESCH F,et al.Bicarbonate-dependent transport of acetate and butyrate across the basolateral membrane of sheep rumen epithelium[J].Acta Physiologica,2013,210(2):403-414.
[7]MELO L Q,COSTA S F,LOPES F,et al.Rumen morphometrics and the effect of digesta p H and volume on volatile fatty acid absorption[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(4):1775-1783.
[8]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[9]樊艳华.日粮和瘤胃调控对绒山羊氮代谢、尿素氮循环及微生物蛋白合成的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[10]冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1993(4):40-41.
[11]韩正康,陈杰.反刍动物瘤胃的消化和代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.
[12]陈宁.日粮精粗比对断奶初期犊牛瘤胃内环境及粗饲料降解的影响[D].硕士学位论文.重庆:西南大学,2006.
[13]王海荣,侯先志,王贞贞,等.不同纤维水平日粮对绵羊瘤胃内环境的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报.2008,29(3):9-14.
[14]VALADARES R F D,BRODERICK G A,VALADARESFILHO S C,et al.Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(12):2686-2696.
[15]LETTAT A,NOZIRE P,SILBERBERG M,et al.Experimental feed induction of ruminal lactic,propionic,or butyric acidosis in sheep[J].Journal of Animal Science,2010,88(9):3041-3046.
[16]SOTO-NAVARRO S A,KREHBIEL C R,DUFF G C,et al.Influence of feed intake fluctuation and frequency of feeding on nutrient digestion,digesta kinetics,and ruminal fermentation profiles in limit-fed steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(8):2215-2222.
[17]GBEL G,MAREK M,MARTENS H.Influence of food deprivation on SCFA and electrolyte transport across sheep reticulorumen[J].Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A,1993,40(1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10):339-344.
[18]HALL M B.Protein and carbohydrate interactions in the rumen[C]//Proceedings of the 33rd Western Nutrition Conference.Winnipeg:The Western Nutrition Conference,2012:19-20.
[19]KRISTENSEN N B,DANFR A,AGERGAARD N.Absorption and metabolism of short-chain fatty acids in ruminants[J].Archiv für Tierernaehrung,1998:51(2/3):165-175.
[20]BILK S,HUHN K,HONSCHA K U,et al.Bicarbonate exporting transporters in the ovine ruminal epithelium[J].Journal of Comparative Physiology B,2005,175(5):365-374.
[21]RABBANI I,SIEGLING-VLITAKIS C,NOCI B,et al.Evidence for NHE3-mediated Na transport in sheep and bovine forestomach[J].American Journal of Physiology:Regulatory,Integrative and Comparative Physiology,2011,301(2):R313-R319.
[22]LEONHARD-MAREK S,STUMPFF F,MARTENS H.Transport of cations and anions across forestomach epithelia:conclusions from in vitro studies[J].Animal,2010,4(7):1037-1056.
[23]DOREAU M,FERCHAL E,BECKERS Y.Effects of level of intake and of available volatile fatty acids on the absorptive capacity of sheep rumen[J].Small Ruminant Research,1997,25(2):99-105.
[24]SAKATA T,TAMATE H.Rumen epithelium cell proliferation accelerated by propionate and acetate[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1979,62(1):49-52.
[25]SEHESTED J,ANDERSEN J B,AAES O,et al.Feed-induced changes in the transport of butyrate,sodium and chloride ions across the isolated bovine rumen epithelium[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,Section A:Animal Science,2000,50(1):47-55.
[26]KUZINSKI J,RNTGEN M.The mRNA and protein expression of ruminal MCT1 is increased by feeding a mixed hay/concentrate diet compared with hay ad libitum diet(Short Communication)[J].Archives Animal Breeding,2011,54(3):280-286.
[27]CONNOR E E,LI R W,BALDWIN R L,et al.Gene expression in the digestive tissues of ruminants and their relationships with feeding and digestive processes[J].Animal,2010,4(7):993-1007.
[28]YANG W,SHEN Z,MARTENS H.An energy-rich diet enhances expression of Na+/H+exchanger isoform 1 and3 messenger RNA in rumen epithelium of goat[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(1):307-317.
[29]闫磊,沈赞明.日粮精粗比对奶牛瘤胃上皮VFA吸收相关基因表达的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2012,44(S1):125.