多参量综合指标冲击地压预测技术研究
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摘要
提出了"全局-区域-局部"多参量综合指标冲击地压预测技术,多种预测方法相互协调与配合、优势互补,形成空间上层次化全方位的预测体系,可极大提高冲击地压预测准确性。结合老虎台矿冲击地压发生机理与影响因素,提出利用微震法对采区全局范围内微震事件进行实时监测,划分具有冲击危险区域,全局范围预测冲击地压;利用电磁辐射法监测工作面及巷道近场围岩的应力场和煤岩变形破坏变化状况,确定近场围岩高冲击危险区域,局部范围预测冲击地压;采用矿压监测法和钻屑法对确定具有冲击危险的区域进行重点监测,判断冲击危险程度,对采取防治措施后的防冲效果进行检测;采用采空区气体分析法预测电磁辐射法和矿压观测法等无法监测到的采空区的冲击地压。实践证明:全局-区域-局部"多参量综合指标预测技术的各种预测方法在功能上表现出明显的互补特征,在老虎台矿的冲击地压预报中取得良好效果。
A global-regional-local multi-parameter comprehensive index rock burst prediction technology was presented in this paper.A comprehensive spatial hierarchical prediction system was established by taking advantage of the coordination,cooperation and reciprocal advantages of multiple forecasting methods.The presented method can obviously improve the prediction accuracy rock burst.Combining with mechanism and influence factors on rock burst of Laohutai mine,the real-time monitoring on the microearthquakes in the whole mining was carried out,the danger grade of rock burst area was divided and the rock burst was predicted in global view.The electromagnetic radiation method was adopted to monitor the stress and deformation of the rock mass on the working face and around the tunnel,determine dangerous area of high rock burst in the near field and predict the local rock burst.The areas with high rock burst risk were monitored using mine pressure monitoring and drilling cuttings methods.The hazardous degree was estimated and the anti-shock effect after strengthening was evaluated.The gas analysis method was utilized to predict the rock burst in the area that the electromagnetic radiation and mine pressure methods can't come into effect.Results show that the presented method has a typical Complementary feature and achieves good results in rock burst perdition in Laohutai mine.
A global-regional-local multi-parameter comprehensive index rock burst prediction technology was presented in this paper.A comprehensive spatial hierarchical prediction system was established by taking advantage of the coordination,cooperation and reciprocal advantages of multiple forecasting methods.The presented method can obviously improve the prediction accuracy rock burst.Combining with mechanism and influence factors on rock burst of Laohutai mine,the real-time monitoring on the microearthquakes in the whole mining was carried out,the danger grade of rock burst area was divided and the rock burst was predicted in global view.The electromagnetic radiation method was adopted to monitor the stress and deformation of the rock mass on the working face and around the tunnel,determine dangerous area of high rock burst in the near field and predict the local rock burst.The areas with high rock burst risk were monitored using mine pressure monitoring and drilling cuttings methods.The hazardous degree was estimated and the anti-shock effect after strengthening was evaluated.The gas analysis method was utilized to predict the rock burst in the area that the electromagnetic radiation and mine pressure methods can't come into effect.Results show that the presented method has a typical Complementary feature and achieves good results in rock burst perdition in Laohutai mine.
引文
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[11]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.基于微震监测及应力场分析的冲击地压预测方法[C]∥第九届全国岩石动力学学术会议论文集.北京:中国岩石力学与工程学会岩石动力学专业委员会,2005:5.Zhao X D,Tang Ch A,Li Y H,et al.Based on micro seismic monitoring and stress field analysis of the impact of ground pressure prediction method[C]∥The9th national conference on rock dynamic academic.Beijing:Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Rock Mechanics and Engineering rock Dynamics,2005:5.(in Chinese)
[12]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.电磁辐射法预测煤矿冲击地压[J].太原理工大学学报,2000(6):609-611,624.Nie B Sh,He X Q,Wang E Y,et al.Electromagnetic radiation method for predicting the impact of coal mining[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2000(6):609-611,624.(in Chinese)
[13]宋扬,张勇.顶板动态监测系统信息集成的原理与方法[J].煤矿安全,2009,40(增1):116-118.Song Y,Zhang Y.The principle and method of information integration of roof dynamic monitoring system[J].Coal Mine Safety,2009,40(Sup 1):116-118.(in Chinese)
[14]潘一山.冲击地压发生和破坏过程研究[D].北京:清华大学,1999.Pan Y Sh.The study on the process of impact pressure and the damage process[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,1999.(in Chinese)
[2]赵兴东.老虎台矿冲击地压下特厚煤层煤巷锚杆支护研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2005.Zhao X D.A study on the support of anchor rod in the coal roadway under the impact of tietai coal mine[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2005.(in Chinese)
[3]王志辉.孙村矿冲击地压区域预测研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2006.Wang Zh H.Prediction of shock pressure area in sun village[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Engineering University,2006.(in Chinese)
[4]姜福兴.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):147-149.Jiang F X.Application of microseismic monitoring in fracture monitoring of mine rock formations[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):147-149.(in Chinese)
[5]陆菜平,窦林名,王耀峰.坚硬顶板诱发煤体冲击破坏的微震效应[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(2):450-456.Lu C P,Dou L M,Wang Y F.Microseismic effect of hard roof induced impact of coal body[J].Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(2):450-456.(in Chinese)
[6]窦林名,何学秋,王恩元.冲击矿压预测的电磁辐射技术及应用[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(4):396-399.Dou L M,He X Q,Wang E Y.The electromagnetic radiation technology and application of impact pressure prediction[J].Journal of Coal,2004,29(4):396-399.(in Chinese)
[7]赵本钧,章梦涛.钻屑法的研究和应用[J].阜新矿业学院学报,1985(增1):13-28.Zhao B J,Zhang M T.Research and application of drilling cuttings[J].Journal of Fuxin Mining College,1985(Sup 1):13-28.(in Chinese)
[8]姜耀东,潘一山,姜福兴,等.我国煤炭开采中的冲击地压机理和防治[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):205-213.Jiang Y D,Pan Y Sh,Jiang F X,et al.The mechanism and control of impact of coal mining in China[J].Journal of Coal,2014,39(2):205-213.(in Chinese)
[9]赵善坤,李宏艳,刘军,等.深部冲击危险矿井多参量预测预报及解危技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增2):339-345.Zhao Sh K,Li H Y,Liu J,et al.A study on the prediction and prediction of the multi-parameter prediction of deep impact hazard mine[J].Journal of Coal,2011,36(Sup 2):339-345.(in Chinese)
[10]吕进国,姜耀东,赵毅鑫,等.冲击地压层次化监测及其预警方法的研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1161-1 167.Lyu J G,Jiang Y D,Zhao Y X,et al.Research and application of impact pressure stratification monitoring and its early warning methods[J].Journal of Coal,2013,38(7):1 161-1 167.(in Chinese)
[11]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.基于微震监测及应力场分析的冲击地压预测方法[C]∥第九届全国岩石动力学学术会议论文集.北京:中国岩石力学与工程学会岩石动力学专业委员会,2005:5.Zhao X D,Tang Ch A,Li Y H,et al.Based on micro seismic monitoring and stress field analysis of the impact of ground pressure prediction method[C]∥The9th national conference on rock dynamic academic.Beijing:Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Rock Mechanics and Engineering rock Dynamics,2005:5.(in Chinese)
[12]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.电磁辐射法预测煤矿冲击地压[J].太原理工大学学报,2000(6):609-611,624.Nie B Sh,He X Q,Wang E Y,et al.Electromagnetic radiation method for predicting the impact of coal mining[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2000(6):609-611,624.(in Chinese)
[13]宋扬,张勇.顶板动态监测系统信息集成的原理与方法[J].煤矿安全,2009,40(增1):116-118.Song Y,Zhang Y.The principle and method of information integration of roof dynamic monitoring system[J].Coal Mine Safety,2009,40(Sup 1):116-118.(in Chinese)
[14]潘一山.冲击地压发生和破坏过程研究[D].北京:清华大学,1999.Pan Y Sh.The study on the process of impact pressure and the damage process[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,1999.(in Chinese)