黔湘桂交界地区南华系划分——基于连续完整的贵州从江县黎家坡南华系剖面
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摘要
南华系大致对应国际上的成冰系。但是,到目前为止仍未能确定其层型剖面,内部划分更是存在较多分歧。寻找南华系层型候选剖面尤为重要与迫切。为此,通过1∶5万地质调查,在贵州省从江县黎家坡地区找到了一条层序完整、沉积连续、厚度巨大、分层标志明显、顶底界线清楚的南华系剖面。基于该剖面初步研究成果,结合对湘黔桂交界区、湘西北、峡东等地区其他南华系剖面的实地考查资料,综合分析近年前人关于南华系的研究成果,以完整的南华大冰期发展演化过程为线索,对南华系内部划分进行了初步尝试。根据黎家坡南华系剖面南华大冰期沉积记录,将其从下向上依次划分为长安冰期、富禄间冰期、南沱冰期。明确提出南华系可进一步划分为3个统:下统对应长安冰期沉积序列,中统对应富禄间冰期沉积序列,上统对应南沱冰期沉积序列。为中国南华系内部划分提供了一种更合乎逻辑的方案。这一研究成果对成冰系的划分提供了不可多得的资料,将丰富成冰系的研究信息。
Previous researchers failed to specify the stratotype section of‘Nanhuan System', and its internal division still has many divergences. China Geological Survey began to look for Nanhuan stratotype boundary system through 1∶50000 regional geological survey. Through this work, the authors found a section in Lijiapo area, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, which is characterized by well-reserved sequence, sedimentary succession, huge sedimentary thickness, clear layer and clear top to bottom line. Based on investigation of the section, field work in this aspect conducted in Guizhou-Hu'nan-Guangxi border area, northwestern Hu'nan and eastern Sanxia and other research results obtained recent years, and guided by complete development process of Nanhuan Great Ice Age, the authors have divided tentatively the interior of the Nanhuan System. According to sedimentary record of Lijiapo Nanhuan section, the Nanhuan great ice age is divided upward into Chang'an ice age, Fulu interglacial age and Nantuo ice age. The Nanhuan System can be further divided into three series: lower series corresponding to Chang'an ice age sedimentary sequence, middle series corresponding to Fulu ice age sedimentary sequence, and upper series corresponding to the Nantuo ice age sedimentary sequence.The results obtained by the authors have provided a more logical plan for dividing the internal Nanhuan System.
Previous researchers failed to specify the stratotype section of‘Nanhuan System', and its internal division still has many divergences. China Geological Survey began to look for Nanhuan stratotype boundary system through 1∶50000 regional geological survey. Through this work, the authors found a section in Lijiapo area, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, which is characterized by well-reserved sequence, sedimentary succession, huge sedimentary thickness, clear layer and clear top to bottom line. Based on investigation of the section, field work in this aspect conducted in Guizhou-Hu'nan-Guangxi border area, northwestern Hu'nan and eastern Sanxia and other research results obtained recent years, and guided by complete development process of Nanhuan Great Ice Age, the authors have divided tentatively the interior of the Nanhuan System. According to sedimentary record of Lijiapo Nanhuan section, the Nanhuan great ice age is divided upward into Chang'an ice age, Fulu interglacial age and Nantuo ice age. The Nanhuan System can be further divided into three series: lower series corresponding to Chang'an ice age sedimentary sequence, middle series corresponding to Fulu ice age sedimentary sequence, and upper series corresponding to the Nantuo ice age sedimentary sequence.The results obtained by the authors have provided a more logical plan for dividing the internal Nanhuan System.
引文
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(1)卢定彪,林树基,肖加飞,等.贵州省南华系层型候选剖面研究报告.贵州省地质调查院,2013.
[2]孙大中.前寒武时代的新划分和命名[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1989,8(4):243-245.
[3]孙卫国.前寒武时代划分方案浅析[J].地层学杂志,1990,14(3):238-240.
[4]全国地层委员会办公室.第三届全国地层委员会第1次常委扩大会议[J].地层学杂志,2000,24(4):99.
[5]全国地层委员会.中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书(修订版)[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.
[6]刘鸿允,董榕生,李建林,等.论震旦系划分与对比问题[J].地质科学,1980,4:307-321.
[7]刘鸿允.中国震旦系[M].北京:科学出版社,1991.
[8]全国地层委员会.全国地层委员会“南华系候选层型剖面野外现场研讨会”会议纪要[J].地层学杂志,2003,27(2):159-160.
[9]卢定彪,肖加飞,林树基,等.湘黔桂交界区贵州省从江县黎家坡南华系剖面新观察--一条良好的南华大冰期沉积记录剖面[J].地质通报,2010,29(8):1144-1151.
[10]汪民.构建新机制实现新突破努力实现国家地质工作新跨越:在全国地质调查工作会议上的讲话[J].国土资源通讯,2010,10:24-31.
[11]Nesbitt H W,Young G M.Early proteozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites[J].Nature,1982,21(299):715-717.
[12]Nesbitt H W,Young G M.Formation and diagenesis of weathering profiles[J].Journal of Geology,1989,2(97):129-147.
[13]彭学军,刘耀荣,吴能杰,等.扬子陆块东南缘南华纪地层对比[J].地层学杂志,2004,28(4):354-359.
[14]贵州省地质矿产局.贵州省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
[15]广西壮族自治区地质矿产局.广西壮族自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1984.
[16]湖南省地质矿产局.湖南省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[17]贵州省地质矿产局.贵州省岩石地层[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996.
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[19]湖南省地质矿产局.湖南省岩石地层[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997.
[20]International Commission on Stratigraphy.International Chronostratigraphic Chart[EB/OL][2015-01].http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/Chronostrat Chart 2015-01Norwegian.pdf/.
[21]Zhang Q R,Li X H,Feng L J,et al.A new age constraint on the onset of the Neoproterozoic glaciations in the Yangtze Platform,South China[J].Journal of Geology,2008,4(116):423-430.
[22]Lan Z W,Li X H,Zhu M Y,et al.A rapid and synchronous initiation of the wide spread Cryogenian glaciations[J].Precambrian Research,2014,255:401-411.
[23]马国干,王砚耕.鄂湘川黔毗邻地区早震旦世冰川地质问题的讨论[C]//中国地质科学院宜昌地质矿产研究所所刊第七号.北京:地质出版社,1983,43-52.
[24]张启锐,储雪蕾,冯连君.南华系“渫水河组”的对比及其冰川沉积特征的探讨[J].地层学杂志,2008,32(3):246-252.
[25]冯连君,储雪蕾,张同钢,等.莲沱砂岩--南华大冰期前气候转冷的沉积记录[J].岩石学报,2006,22(9):2387-2393.
[26]Kirschwink J L.Late Proterozoic low-latitude global glaciation:The snow ball earth[C]//Schopf J W,Klein C.The Proterozoic biospheres.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992:51-52.
[27]Zhou C M,Tucker R,Xiao S H.New constraints on the ages of Neoproterozoic glaciations in south China[J].Geology,2004,5(32):437-440.
[28]尹崇玉,王砚耕,唐峰,等.贵州松桃南华系大塘坡组凝灰岩锆石SHRIMPⅡU-Pb年龄[J].地质学报,2006,80(2):273-278.
[29]尹崇玉,刘敦一,高林志,等.南华系底界与古城冰期的年龄:SHRIMPⅡ定年证据[J].科学通报,2003,48(16):1721-1725.
[30]张启锐,储雪蕾.扬子地区江口冰期地层的划分对比与南华系层型剖面[J].地层学杂志,2006,30(4):306-314.
[31]全国地层委员会《中国地层表》编委会.中国地层表(2014)[J].地球学报,2014,35(3):插图Ⅰ.
[32]肖宗正.中国各地质时代地层划分与对比[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[33]林树基,肖加飞,卢定彪.湘黔桂交界区富禄组与富禄间冰期的再划分[J].地质通报,2010,29(2/3):195-204.
[34]王曰伦,陆宗斌,邢裕盛.中国上前寒武系划分和对比[C].王曰伦等.中国震旦亚界.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1980:1-30.
(1)卢定彪,林树基,肖加飞,等.贵州省南华系层型候选剖面研究报告.贵州省地质调查院,2013.